{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T05:32:27Z","timestamp":1768455147875,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,12]]},"abstract":"\n Bacteria were isolated from 153 (47\u00b75%) swabs of the appendix fossa in 322 patients undergoing appendicectomy. The commonest organism was Bacteroides species found in 78% of specimens. Other Gram-negative bacilli such as Klebsiella, or Enterobacter, and\n Esch. coli<\/jats:italic>\n were present in 29 and 27% respectively. Gram-positive cocci were less frequently isolated.\n <\/jats:p>\n A positive culture was obtained more commonly in perforated appendicitis (79%) than where chronic fibrosis, lymphoid hyperplasia, or acute appendicitis was present or when the appendix was normal. Bacteroides was isolated twice as often in perforated appendicitis.<\/jats:p>\n The incidence of wound infection was 19% and varied according to the state of the appendix, being 63% in perforated appendicitis and 9\u00b75% where lymphoid hyperplasia was present. Bacteroides was isolated from over 90% of the wound infections.<\/jats:p>\n In the patients with perforated appendicitis where effective chemotherapy was given the incidence of wound infection was 15% whereas in untreated or inappropriately treated patients it was over 50%.<\/jats:p>\n The isolation of bacteroides requires special precautions to be taken both in the collection of the specimen and laboratory culture. It is important that the chemotherapy of postappendicectomy infections include an antibiotic active against bacteroides.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.27.12.997","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"997-1000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Bacterial flora of the appendix fossa in appendicitis and postoperative wound infection"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"D. A.","family":"Leigh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Simmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edelgard","family":"Norman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1974,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"322","article-title":"Prevention, of wound infection in acute appendicitis","volume":"2","author":"Benson, E.A.; Brown, G.J.A.; Whittaker, M.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Benson, E. A., Brown, G. J. A., and Whittaker, M. (1973). Prevention, of wound infection in acute appendicitis. Lancet, 2, 322.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800561209","article-title":"The use of chlorhexidine antisepsis in contaminated surgical wounds","volume":"56","author":"Crosfill, M.; Hall, R.; London, D.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Crosfill, M., Hall, R., and London, D. (1969). The use of chlorhexidine antisepsis in contaminated surgical wounds. Brit. J. Surg., 56, 906-908.","journal-title":"Brit. J. Surg"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(61)92952-X","article-title":"Staphylococcal infection of operation wounds with special reference to topical antibiotic prophylaxis","volume":"2","author":"Forbes, G.B.","year":"1961","unstructured":"Forbes, G. B. (1961). Staphylococcal infection of operation wounds with special reference to topical antibiotic prophylaxis. Lancet, 2, 505-509.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"473","article-title":"Causes of failure in antibiotic treatment. Brit. nied","volume":"4","author":"Garrod, L.P.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Garrod, L. P. (1972). Causes of failure in antibiotic treatment. Brit. nied. J., 4, 473-476.","journal-title":"J"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800610407","article-title":"Aetiology and prevention of wound infection in appendicectomy","volume":"61","author":"Gilmore, 0. J. A.; Martin, T. D. M","year":"1974","unstructured":"Gilmore, 0. J. A., and Martin, T. D. M. (1974). Aetiology and prevention of wound infection in appendicectomy. Brit. J. Surg., 61, 281-287.","journal-title":"Brit. J. Surg"},{"key":"ref_6","year":"1973","unstructured":"Gilmore, 0. J. A., Martin, T. D. M., and Fletcher, B. N. (1973)."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"31","article-title":"Postoperative infection of wounds by anaerobes","volume":"14","author":"Hoffmann, K.; Gierhake, F.W.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Hoffmann, K., and Gierhake, F. W. (1969). Postoperative infection of wounds by anaerobes. Germ. mtied. Alth., 14, 31-33.","journal-title":"Germ. mtied. Alth"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"930","volume":"1","author":"Lancet","year":"1970","unstructured":"Lancet (1970). Control of chemotherapy (Annotation). 1, 930-931.","journal-title":"Control of chemotherapy"},{"key":"ref_9","article-title":"Editorial. Sepsis after appendicectomy","author":"Lancet","year":"1971","unstructured":"Lancet (1971). Editorial. Sepsis after appendicectomy. 2, 195."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.3.5925.225","article-title":"The clinical significance of infections due to Bacteroides fragilis and the role of antibiotic therapy","volume":"3","author":"Leigh, D.A.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Leigh, D. A. (1974). The clinical significance of infections due to Bacteroides fragilis and the role of antibiotic therapy. Brit. med. J., 3, 225-228.","journal-title":"Brit. med. J"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800580209","article-title":"The prevention of infection in appendicectomy wounds","volume":"58","author":"Longland, C.J.; Gray, J.G.; Lees, W.; Garrett, J.A.M.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Longland, C. J., Gray, J. G., Lees, W., and Garrett, J. A. M. (1971). The prevention of infection in appendicectomy wounds. Brit. J. Surg., 58. 117-119.","journal-title":"Brit. J. Surg"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"179","article-title":"Peritoneal drainage and systemic antibiotics after appendicectomy","volume":"2","author":"Magarey, C.J.; Chant, A.D.B.; Rickford, C.R.K.; Magarey, J.R.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Magarey, C. J., Chant, A. D. B., Rickford, C. R. K., and Magarey, J. R. (1971). Peritoneal drainage and systemic antibiotics after appendicectomy. Lancet, 2, 179-182.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_13","article-title":"Topical ampicillin in the appendicectomy wound: report of a double-blind trial","volume-title":"Brit.","author":"Rickett, J.W.S.; Jackson, B.T.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Rickett, J. W. S., and Jackson, B. T. (1969). Topical ampicillin in the appendicectomy wound: report of a double-blind trial. Brit."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.27.12.997","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T11:29:51Z","timestamp":1765711791000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.27.12.997"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1974,12]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1974,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jcp.27.12.997"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.27.12.997","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9746","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-4146","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1974,12]]}}}