{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T08:30:24Z","timestamp":1765009824193,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A comprehensive one-day renal function test consisting of a single outpatient visit lasting nine hours, with a minimum of time off work or away from home, is described in detail. Although a large number of laboratory tests are performed in one day, patients usually appreciate thoroughness, and the cost is more than offset by the saving in occupancy of hospital beds and by the early and precise diagnosis of reversible aspects of renal disease. Some aspects of improved methodology, such as the sequential determination of minimum urinary pH, bicarbonate, titratable acid, ammonium, and total acid on a single sample using an automatic titrator, are given in detail. Clinical application of the comprehensive nine-hour renal function testing system is illustrated by the result sheet of a patient with analgesic nephropathy, who was shown in one day to have secondary severe renal failure (glomerular filtration rate 20% of normal for age and surface area), renal tubular acidosis of the distal gradient type (minimum urinary pH 6\u00b720), increased urinary white cell excretion rate, hyaline casts, and absence of red cell casts, consistent with a diagnosis of analgesic nephropathy and urinary tract inflammation. Normal values with 95% range for this laboratory are also given. This testing system has been found to be very useful in investigating patients with analgesic nephropathy, renal tubular acidosis, and after renal transplantation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.27.5.382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"382-391","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Comprehensive one-day renal function testing in man"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"A. Z.","family":"Gy\u00f6ry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. D. G.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. M.","family":"Whyte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1974,5,1]]},"reference":[{"year":"1969","author":"Berglund, F.; Engberg, A.M.; Persson, E.; Ulfendahl, H.","key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Berglund, F., Engberg, A. M., Persson, E., and Ulfendahl, H. (1969)."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)30910-9","article-title":"The hydrolysis of phosphocreatine and the origin of urinary creatinine","volume":"168","author":"Borsook, H.; Dubnoff, J.W.","year":"1947","unstructured":"Borsook, H., and Dubnoff, J. W. (1947). The hydrolysis of phosphocreatine and the origin of urinary creatinine. J. biol. Chem., 168, 493-510.","journal-title":"J. biol. Chem"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5607.721","article-title":"Renal tubular acidosis of pyelonephritis with renal stone disease","volume":"2","author":"Cochran, M.; Peacock, M.; Smith, D.A.; Nordin, B.E.C.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Cochran, M., Peacock, M., Smith, D. A., and Nordin, B. E. C. (1968). Renal tubular acidosis of pyelonephritis with renal stone disease. Brit. med. J., 2, 721-729.","journal-title":"Brit. med. J"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI102286","article-title":"Age changes in glomerular filtration rate, effective renal plasma flow and tubular excretory capacity in adult males","volume":"29","author":"Davies, D.F.; Shock, N.W.","year":"1950","unstructured":"Davies, D. F., and Shock, N. W. (1950). Age changes in glomerular filtration rate, effective renal plasma flow and tubular excretory capacity in adult males. J. clin. Invest., 29, 496-507.","journal-title":"J. clin. Invest"},{"key":"ref_5","article-title":"Documenta Geigy Scientific Tables","author":"Diem, K.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Diem, K., and Lentner, C., Eds. (1970). Documenta Geigy Scientific Tables, 7th ed. Geigy, Basle.","edition":"7th ed"},{"key":"ref_6","article-title":"Creatinine. Its usefulness in health and renal disease as a measure ofmuscle mass, total body water and glomerular filtration rate","author":"Edwards, K.D.G.","year":"1959","unstructured":"Edwards, K. D. G. (1959). Creatinine. Its usefulness in health and renal disease as a measure ofmuscle mass, total body water and glomerular filtration rate. MD Thesis, University of Sydney."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1972.tb46887.x","article-title":"Possible nephrotoxicity of aspirin in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"1","author":"Edwards, K.D.G.; Schapel, G.J.; Jeremy, R.; Steele, T.W.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Edwards, K. D. G., Schapel, G. J., Jeremy, R., and Steele, T. W. (1972). Possible nephrotoxicity of aspirin in rheumatoid arthritis. Med. J. Aust., 1, 492.","journal-title":"Med. J. Aust"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"101","article-title":"One-day renal function tests","volume":"1","author":"Edwards, K.D.G.; Stewart, J.H.; Ashley, B.C.E.; Whyte, H.M.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Edwards, K. D. G., Stewart, J. H., Ashley, B. C. E., and Whyte, H. M. (1964). One-day renal function tests. Proc. Aust. Ass. clin. Biochem., 1, 101-105.","journal-title":"Proc. Aust. Ass. clin. Biochem"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.1958.41","article-title":"The measurement of creatinine in plasma and urine","volume":"36","author":"Edwards, K.D.G.; Whyte, H.M.","year":"1958","unstructured":"Edwards, K. D. G., and Whyte, H. M. (1958), The measurement of creatinine in plasma and urine. Aust. J. exp. biol., med. Sci., 36, 383-394.","journal-title":"Aust. J. exp. biol., med. Sci"},{"key":"ref_10","article-title":"Studies of renal acid-base regulation in man and the rat","author":"Gyory, A.Z.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Gyory, A. Z. (1969). Studies of renal acid-base regulation in man and the rat. MD Thesis, University of Sydney."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.1967.11","article-title":"Simultaneous titrimetric determination of bicarbonate and titratable acid of urine","volume":"45","author":"Gyory, A.Z.; Edwards, K.D.G.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Gyory, A. Z., and Edwards, K. D. G. (1967). Simultaneous titrimetric determination of bicarbonate and titratable acid of urine. Aust. J. exp. biol. med. Sci., 45, 141-147.","journal-title":"Aust. J. exp. biol. med. Sci"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(68)90006-5","article-title":"Renal tubular acidosis: a family with an autosomal dominant genetic defect in renal hydrogen ion transport, with proximal tubular and collecting duct dysfunction and an increased metabolism of citrate and ammonia","volume":"45","author":"Gydry, A.Z.; Edwards, K.D.G.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Gydry, A. Z., and Edwards, K. D. G. (1968). Renal tubular acidosis: a family with an autosomal dominant genetic defect in renal hydrogen ion transport, with proximal tubular and collecting duct dysfunction and an increased metabolism of citrate and ammonia. Amer. J. Med., 45, 43.62.","journal-title":"Amer. J. Med"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1971.tb92642.x","article-title":"Effect of mersalyl, ethacrynic acid and sodium sulphate infusion on urinary acidification in hereditary renal tubular acidosis","volume":"2","author":"Gyory, A.Z.; Edwards, K.D.G.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Gyory, A. Z., and Edwards, K. D. G. (1971). Effect of mersalyl, ethacrynic acid and sodium sulphate infusion on urinary acidification in hereditary renal tubular acidosis. Med. J. Aust., 2, 940-945.","journal-title":"Med. J. Aust"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"231","article-title":"Renal tubular acidosis, acidosis due to hyperkalaemia, hypercalcaemia, disordered citrate metabolism and other tubular dysfunctions following human renal transplantation","volume":"38","author":"Gyory, A.Z.; Stewart, J.H.; George, C.R.P.; Tiller, D.J.; Edwards, K.D.G.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Gyory, A. Z., Stewart, J. H., George, C. R. P., Tiller, D. J. and Edwards, K. D. G. (1969). Renal tubular acidosis, acidosis due to hyperkalaemia, hypercalcaemia, disordered citrate metabolism and other tubular dysfunctions following human renal transplantation, Quart. J. Med., 38, 231-254.","journal-title":"Quart. J. Med"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(68)90106-X","article-title":"Clinical assessment of glomerular filtration rate by different forms of creatinine clearance and a modified urinary phenolsulphonphthalein excretion test","volume":"44","author":"Healy, J.K.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Healy, J. K. (1968). Clinical assessment of glomerular filtration rate by different forms of creatinine clearance and a modified urinary phenolsulphonphthalein excretion test. Amer. J. Med., 44, 348-358.","journal-title":"Amer. J. Med"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.17.5.557","article-title":"Simple tests of renal function using creatinine phenolsulphonphthalein and pitressin","volume":"17","author":"Healy, J.K.; Edwards, K.D.G.; Whyte, H.M.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Healy, J. K., Edwards, K. D. G., and Whyte, H. M. (1964). Simple tests of renal function using creatinine phenolsulphonphthalein and pitressin. J. cli. Path., 17, 557-563.","journal-title":"J. cli. Path"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"163","article-title":"Klinisch-experimentelle Untersuchungen uiber den Renalen Phenolsulfonphthalein-Transport","volume":"214","author":"Heidland, A.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Heidland, A. (1968). Klinisch-experimentelle Untersuchungen uiber den Renalen Phenolsulfonphthalein-Transport. Arch. klin. Med., 214, 163-186.","journal-title":"Arch. klin. Med"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5019.622","article-title":"Cell excretion in normal urine","volume":"1","author":"Houghton, B.J.; Pears, M.A.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Houghton, B. J., and Pears, M. A. (1957). Cell excretion in normal urine. Brit. med. J., 1, 622-625.","journal-title":"Brit. med. J"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.3109\/00365515709079972","article-title":"Titrimetric determination of the net excretion of acid\/base in urine","volume":"9","author":"Jorgensen, K.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Jorgensen, K. (1957). Titrimetric determination of the net excretion of acid\/base in urine. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest., 9, 287-291.","journal-title":"Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest"},{"key":"ref_20","article-title":"Urine and the Urinary Sediment","author":"Lippman, R.W.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Lippman, R. W. (1967). Urine and the Urinary Sediment. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"631","article-title":"The urinary pCO3 in renal disease","volume":"19","author":"Pak-Poy, R. K.; Wrong, 0","year":"1960","unstructured":"Pak-Poy, R. K., and Wrong, 0. (1960). The urinary pCO3 in renal disease. Clin. Sci., 19, 631-639.","journal-title":"Clin. Sci"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"427","article-title":"Association between aspirin therapy and nephrotoxicity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2","author":"Schapel, G.J.; Edwards, K.D.G.; Jeremy, R.; Steele, T.W.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Schapel, G. J., Edwards, K. D. G., Jeremy, R., and Steele, T. W. (1972). Association between aspirin therapy and nephrotoxicity in rheumatoid arthritis. (Abstr.) Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 2, 427.","journal-title":"(Abstr.) Aust. N. Z. J. Med"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.3109\/00365516009062419","article-title":"A micromethod for determination of pH, carbon dioxide tension, base excess and standard bicarbonate in capillary blood","volume":"12","author":"Siggaard-Andersen, O.; Engel, K.; Jorgensen, K.; Astrup, P.","year":"1960","unstructured":"Siggaard-Andersen, O., Engel, K., Jorgensen, K., and Astrup, P. (1960). A micromethod for determination of pH, carbon dioxide tension, base excess and standard bicarbonate in capillary blood. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest., 12, 172-176.","journal-title":"Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1971.tb87510.x","article-title":"Analgesic nephropathy: changes in various parameters of renal function following cessation of analgesic abuse","volume":"1","author":"Steele, T.W.; Edwards, K.D.G.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Steele, T. W., and Edwards, K. D. G. (1971). Analgesic nephropathy: changes in various parameters of renal function following cessation of analgesic abuse. Med. J. Aust., 1, 181-187.","journal-title":"Med. J. Aust"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5651.213","article-title":"Renal function in analgesic nephropathy","volume":"2","author":"Steele, T.W.; Gyory, A.Z.; Edwards, K.D.G.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Steele, T. W., Gyory, A. Z., and Edwards, K. D. G. (1969). Renal function in analgesic nephropathy. Brit. med. J., 2, 213-216.","journal-title":"Brit. med. J"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0410583","article-title":"The response of normal subjects to the short ammonium chloride test: the modifying influence of renal ammonia production","volume":"41","author":"Tannen, R.L.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Tannen, R. L. (1971). The response of normal subjects to the short ammonium chloride test: the modifying influence of renal ammonia production. Clin. Scd., 41, 583-595.","journal-title":"Clin. Scd"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"259","article-title":"The excretion of acid in renal disease","volume":"28","author":"Wrong, O.; Davies, H.E.F.","year":"1959","unstructured":"Wrong, O., and Davies, H. E. F. (1959). The excretion of acid in renal disease. Quart. J. Med., 28, 259-314.","journal-title":"Quart. J. Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.27.5.382","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T08:26:31Z","timestamp":1765009591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.27.5.382"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1974,5]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1974,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jcp.27.5.382"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.27.5.382","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0021-9746"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1472-4146"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1974,5]]}}}