{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:16:59Z","timestamp":1758845819748,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1975,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Seven boys were studied who had the clinical features of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and whose brain histology was consistent with SSPE. Measles antigen was detected in the seven brains by the direct fluorescent antibody method. Three out of the seven boys had in their sera measles specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) which was detected by the indirect fluorescent antibody method, and the cell receptors for it were acetone stable. A prozone effect was noted in the sera of two patients. The absorption of one patient's serum with Staphylococcus aureus to reduce the titre of immunoglobulin G (IgG) removed the prozone effect. Two of the boys who had high titres of measles specific IgM also had serum IgM which reacted with canine distemper virus antigen but the titres were eightfold lower. None of the boys had detectable rinderpest specific IgM in their sera.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.28.7.543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"543-546","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A study of immunoglobulin M antibody to measles, canine distemper, and rinderpest viruses in sera of patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"D","family":"Thomson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J H","family":"Connolly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B O","family":"Underwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1975,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)90925-7","article-title":"Epstein-Barr virus-specific IgM in infectious mononucleosis, Burkitt lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma","volume":"1","author":"Banatvala, J.E.; Best, J.M.; Waller, D.K.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Banatvala, J. E., Best, J. M., and Waller, D. K. (1972). Epstein-Barr virus-specific IgM in infectious mononucleosis, Burkitt lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Lancet, 1, 1205-1208.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.98.1.143","article-title":"Competition between, and effectiveness of, IgG and IgM antibodies in indirect fluorescent antibody and other tests","volume":"98","author":"Cohen, I.R.; Norins, L.C.; Julian, A.J.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Cohen, I. R., Norins, L. C., and Julian, A. J. (1967). Competition between, and effectiveness of, IgG and IgM antibodies in indirect fluorescent antibody and other tests. J. Immunol., 98, 143-149.","journal-title":"J. Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.18.1_Part_2.087","article-title":"Additional data on measles virus antibody and antigen in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis","volume":"18","author":"Connolly, J.H.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Connolly, J. H. (1968). Additional data on measles virus antibody and antigen in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Neurology (Minneap.), 18, Part 2, 87-89.","journal-title":"Neurology (Minneap.)"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"542","article-title":"Measles-virus antibody and antigen in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis","volume":"1","author":"Connolly, J.H.; Allen, I.V.; Hurwitz, L.J.; Millar, J.H.D.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Connolly, J. H., Allen, I. V., Hurwitz, L. J., and Millar, J. H. D. (1967). Measles-virus antibody and antigen in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Lancet, 1, 542-544.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"625","article-title":"Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: clinical pathological, epidemiological, and virological findings in three patients","volume":"37","author":"Connolly, J.H.; Allen, I.V.; Hurwitz, L.J.; Millar, J.H.D.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Connolly, J. H., Allen, I. V., Hurwitz, L. J., and Millar, J. H. D. (1968). Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: clinical pathological, epidemiological, and virological findings in three patients. Quart. J. Med., 37, 625-644.","journal-title":"Quart. J. Med"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5739.23","article-title":"Measles immunoglobulins in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis","volume":"1","author":"Connolly, J.H.; Haire, M.; Hadden, D.S.M.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Connolly, J. H., Haire, M., and Hadden, D. S. M. (1971). Measles immunoglobulins in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Brit. med. J., 1, 23-25.","journal-title":"Brit. med. J"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400063063","article-title":"IgG, IgA and IgM responses in acute rubella determined by the immunofluorescent technique","volume":"70","author":"Cradock-Watson, J.E.; Bourne, M.S.; Vandervelde, E.M.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Cradock-Watson, J. E., Bourne, M. S., and Vandervelde, E. M. (1972). IgG, IgA and IgM responses in acute rubella determined by the immunofluorescent technique. J. Hyg. (Lond.), 70, 473-485.","journal-title":"J. Hyg. (Lond.)"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"1271","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis and virus antigens","volume":"2","author":"Fraser, K.B.; Haire, M.; Shirodaria, P.V.; D, Millar J.H.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Fraser, K. B., Haire, M., Shirodaria, P. V., and Millar. J. H. D. (1973). Multiple sclerosis and virus antigens. (Letter). Lancet, 2, 1271.","journal-title":"(Letter). Lancet"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"742","article-title":"Rubellavirus-specific IgM-and IgA-antibodies The indirect immunofluorescence (IF)-technique applied to sera with reduced IgG-concentration","volume":"82","author":"Hormsleth, A.; Leerhoy, J.; Grauballe, P.; Spanggaard, H.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Hormsleth, A., Leerhoy, J., Grauballe, P., and Spanggaard, H. (1974). Rubellavirus-specific IgM-and IgA-antibodies The indirect immunofluorescence (IF)-technique applied to sera with reduced IgG-concentration. Acta path. microbiol. scand., Sect. B., 82, 742-744.","journal-title":"Acta path. microbiol. scand., Sect. B"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"160","article-title":"Relationships among measles, canine distemper and rinderpest viruses","volume":"10","author":"Imagawa, D.T.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Imagawa, D. T. (1968). Relationships among measles, canine distemper and rinderpest viruses. Progr. med. Virol., 10, 160-193.","journal-title":"Progr. med. Virol"},{"key":"ref_11","article-title":"Inhibition of antichlamydial IgM antibody by","author":"Juchau, S.V.; Linscott, W.D.; Schachter, J.; Jawetz, E.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Juchau, S. V., Linscott, W. D., Schachter, J., and Jawetz, E. (1972). Inhibition of antichlamydial IgM antibody by"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-7-3-333","article-title":"Specific IgG and IgM antibody responses in herpes-simplex-virus infections","volume":"7","author":"Kurtz, J.B.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Kurtz, J. B. (1974). Specific IgG and IgM antibody responses in herpes-simplex-virus infections. J. med. Microbiol., 7, 333-341.","journal-title":"J. med. Microbiol"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"565","article-title":"Serological and tissue culture observations from cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis","volume":"123","author":"Najera, R.; Gracia Saiz, A.; Herrera, I.; Valenciano, L.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Najera, R., Gracia Saiz, A., Herrera, I., and Valenciano, L. (1972). Serological and tissue culture observations from cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 123, 565-570.","journal-title":"Ann. Inst. Pasteur"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01241158","article-title":"Determination of different cytomegalovirus immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) by immunofluorescence","volume":"37","author":"Schmitz, H.; Haas, R.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Schmitz, H. and Haas, R. (1972). Determination of different cytomegalovirus immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) by immunofluorescence. Arch. ges. VirusForsch., 37, 131-140.","journal-title":"Arch. ges. VirusForsch"},{"key":"ref_15","article-title":"Secondary fluorescent staining of virus antigens by rheumatoid factor and fluorescein-conjugated anti-IgM","author":"Shirodaria, P.V.; Fraser, K.B.; Stanford, F.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Shirodaria, P. V., Fraser, K. B., and Stanford, F. (1973). Secondary fluorescent staining of virus antigens by rheumatoid factor and fluorescein-conjugated anti-IgM."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"323","article-title":"Diagnosis of recent herpes simplex infections: a modified immunofluorescent test for the detection of specific herpes simplex IgM antibodies after staphylococcal adsorption of IgG","volume":"82","author":"Skaug, K.; Tj0tta, E.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Skaug, K. and Tj0tta, E. (1974). Diagnosis of recent herpes simplex infections: a modified immunofluorescent test for the detection of specific herpes simplex IgM antibodies after staphylococcal adsorption of IgG. Acta path. microbiol. scand., Sect. B. 82, 323-328.","journal-title":"Acta path. microbiol. scand., Sect. 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