{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T04:05:19Z","timestamp":1765080319098,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) was found to be a rapid, specific method for detecting circulating antibodies to Legionella pneumophila, the aetiologic agent of Legionnaires' disease in human sera. Optimum conditions for performing the test are given. Better precipitin lines are observed when the gel support is neutral, and a result may be obtained in 90 to 180 minutes. Comparison of results of CIE and indirect fluorescent antibody tests on 22 sera from patients with Legionnaires' disease and on 27 sera from healthy control subjects showed 100% correlation, and 75 paired sera from patients with pneumonia of unknown aetiology showed 96.7% correlation. Laboratory diagnosis may be made quickly and accurately by CIE. The method is simple and easily performed in the routine laboratory. The antigen is stable at 4 degrees C for at least six months.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.33.12.1174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"1174-1178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease by counterimmunoelectrophoresis."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"M G","family":"Holliday","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1980,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197712012972202","article-title":"Legionnaires' disease: Isolation of a bacterium and demonstration of its role in other respiratory disease","volume":"297","author":"McDade, J.E.; Shepard, C.C.; Fraser, D.W.; Tsai, T.R.; Redus, M.A.; Dowdle, W.R.","year":"1977","unstructured":"McDade JE, Shepard CC, Fraser DW, Tsai TR, Redus MA,Dowdle WR, et al. Legionnaires' disease: Isolation of a bacterium and demonstration of its role in other respiratory disease. N Engl J Med 1977;297:1197-203.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"23","article-title":"Legionnaires' disease: epidemiology and clinical characteristics. In: Legionnaires. The Disease, The Bacterium and Methodology","author":"Baine, W.B.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Baine WB. Legionnaires' disease: epidemiology and clinical characteristics. In: Legionnaires. The Disease, The Bacterium and Methodology. Centre for Disease Control Laboratory Manual. Revised Oct 1978, 23-8.","journal-title":"Centre for Disease Control Laboratory Manual. Revised"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-90-4-656","article-title":"Classification of the Legionnaires' disease bacterium: Legionella pneumophila, genus novum spp. nova of the Family Legionellaceae familia nova","volume":"90","author":"Brenner, D.J.; Steigerwalt, A.G.; McDade, J.E.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Brenner DJ, Steigerwalt AG, McDade JE. Classification of the Legionnaires' disease bacterium: Legionella pneumophila, genus novum spp. nova of the Family Legionellaceae familia nova. Ann Intern Med 1979;90: 656-8.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1265","volume":"ii:","author":"Editorial","year":"1977","unstructured":"Editorial. Lancet 1977;ii:1265-6.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-89-3-297","article-title":"Legionnaries' disease: clinical features of 24 cases","volume":"89","author":"Kirkby, B.D.; Snyder, K.M.; Meyer, R.D.; Finegold, S.M.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Kirkby BD, Snyder KM, Meyer RD, Finegold SM. Legionnaries' disease: clinical features of 24 cases. Ann Intern Med 1978;89:297-309.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"6","article-title":"False positive reactions in the indirect fluorescent antibody test for Legionnaires' disease eliminated by use of formolised yolk-sac antigen","volume":"90","author":"Taylor, A.G.; Harrison, T.G.; Dighero, M.W.; Bradstreet, C.M.P.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Taylor AG, Harrison TG, Dighero MW, Bradstreet CMP. False positive reactions in the indirect fluorescent antibody test for Legionnaires' disease eliminated by use of formolised yolk-sac antigen. Ann Intern Med 1979; 90:6S6-9.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-89-3-413","volume":"89","author":"Tsai, T.F.; Fraser, D.W.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Tsai TF, Fraser DW. (Editorial) Ann Intern Med 1978; 89:413.","journal-title":"(Editorial) Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"1319","volume":"ii:","author":"Editorial","year":"1978","unstructured":"Editorial. Br Med J 1978;ii: 1319-20.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-90-4-684","article-title":"Scottish experience with the serologic diagnosis of Legionnaires'","volume":"90","author":"Fallon, R.J.; Abraham, W.H.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Fallon RJ, Abraham WH. Scottish experience with the serologic diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease. Anin Intern Med 1979;90:684-6.","journal-title":"disease. Anin Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_10","article-title":"Personal communication","author":"Taylor, A.G.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Taylor AG. Personal communication, 1979."},{"key":"ref_11","article-title":"Cuirrcnii Topics in Medical Laboratorv","volume":"2","author":"Counterimmunoelectrophoresis, Corkill J.E.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Corkill JE. Counterimmunoelectrophoresis. Cuirrcnii Topics in Medical Laboratorv Sciences, 1977, No. 2.","journal-title":"Sciences"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-90-4-621","article-title":"Four serogroups of Legionnaires' disease bacteria defined by direct immunofluorescence","volume":"90","author":"McKinney, R.M.; Thacker, L.; Harris, P.P.; Hebert, Lewallen K.R.; GA, Edelstein; PH, Thomason; B.M.","year":"1979","unstructured":"McKinney RM, Thacker L, Harris PP, Lewallen KR. Hebert GA, Edelstein PH, Thomason BM. Four serogroups of Legionnaires' disease bacteria defined by direct immunofluorescence. 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Ann Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.33.12.1174","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T02:33:00Z","timestamp":1765074780000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.33.12.1174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1980,12]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1980,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jcp.33.12.1174"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.33.12.1174","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0021-9746"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1472-4146"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1980,12]]}}}