{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T15:11:07Z","timestamp":1774537867946,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A consecutive series of 38 lung carcinoid tumours (36 surgical and two necropsy specimens) was studied. Histopathological features and amine and peptide hormone immunoreactivity were correlated with gross characteristics (size, location) and clinical data. Peripheral carcinoids were detected a decade later than central carcinoids and tended to be bigger. In general, the histological characteristics of peripheral and central carcinoids were similar; atypical features, however, were more common in peripheral carcinoids. Most carcinoids contained many argyrophilic cells (58%). Although argentaffinic cells were not found, serotonin immunoreactive cells were present in 32% of the tumours. Peptide hormone immunoreactivity (adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), calcitonin, somatostatin, gastrin) was rare. In one case massive ACTH production had caused clinically manifest Cushing's syndrome. In two other cases few ACTH immunoreactive cells were found and in one case calcitonin immunoreactive cells were present. The relative rarity of hormone production in lung carcinoids and the predominantly benign course of the tumour preclude the use of peptide hormone production as a prognostic indicator.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.37.8.931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"931-936","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Amine and peptide hormone production by lung carcinoid: a clinicopathological and immunocytochemical study."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"F T","family":"Bosman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A B","family":"de la Riviere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R W","family":"Giard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A A","family":"Verhofstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Cramer-Knijnenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1984,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Carcinoid tumors","volume":"36","author":"Godwin, R.A.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Godwin RA. Carcinoid tumors. Cancer 1975;36:56-9.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1977.tb01652.x","article-title":"Morphology and staining patterns of endocrine cell tumours in the gut, pancreas and bronchus and their possible significance","volume":"1","author":"Jones, R.A.; Dawson, I.M.P.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Jones RA, Dawson IMP. Morphology and staining patterns of endocrine cell tumours in the gut, pancreas and bronchus and their possible significance. Histopathology 1977; 1:137-50.","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197603)37:3<1469::AID-CNCR2820370332>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumors","volume":"37","author":"Bonikos, D.S.; Bensch, K.G.; Janiplis, R.W.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Bonikos DS, Bensch KG, Janiplis RW. Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumors. Cancer 1976;37: 1469-77.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"216","article-title":"Large spindle cell variant of peripheral bronchial carcinoid tumor","volume":"101","author":"Churg, A.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Churg A. Large spindle cell variant of peripheral bronchial carcinoid tumor. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1977;101:216-8.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198008000-00001","article-title":"Spindle cell carcinoid tumors of the lung. A clinicopathological study of 35 cases","volume":"4","author":"Ranchod, M.; Levine, G.D.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Ranchod M, Levine GD. Spindle cell carcinoid tumors of the lung. A clinicopathological study of 35 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 1980;4:315-3 1.","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198210000-00006","article-title":"Atypical carcinoid tumor of the lung. A clinicopathological study of 17 cases","volume":"6","author":"Mills, S.E.; Walker, A.N.; Copper, P.H.; Kron, I.L.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Mills SE, Walker AN, Copper PH, Kron IL. Atypical carcinoid tumor of the lung. A clinicopathological study of 17 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 1982;6:643-54.","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/69.2.165","article-title":"Comparative histopathological, histochemical, electron microscopic and tissue culture studies of bronchial carcinoids and oat cell carcinomas of lung","volume":"69","author":"Fisher, E.R.; Palekar, A.; Paulson, J.D.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Fisher ER, Palekar A, Paulson JD. Comparative histopathological, histochemical, electron microscopic and tissue culture studies of bronchial carcinoids and oat cell carcinomas of lung. J Clin Pathol 1978;69:165-72.","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"202","article-title":"Observations on small granule cells in adult human bronchial epithelium and in carcinoid and oat cell tumors","volume":"34","author":"McDowell, E.M.; Barrett, L.A.; Trump, B.F.","year":"1976","unstructured":"McDowell EM, Barrett LA, Trump BF. Observations on small granule cells in adult human bronchial epithelium and in carcinoid and oat cell tumors. Lab Invest 1976;34:202-6.","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"195","article-title":"Lung endocrine tumours","volume":"3","author":"Corrin, B.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Corrin B. Lung endocrine tumours. Invest Cell Pathol 1980;3: 195-206.","journal-title":"Invest Cell Pathol"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref_10","first-page":"812","article-title":"Bronchial adenomas in Cushing's syndrome, their relation to thymomas and oat cell carcinomas associated with hyperadrenocorticison","volume":"1960","author":"Cohen, R.B.; Toll, G.D.; Castleman, B.","unstructured":"Cohen RB, Toll GD, Castleman B. Bronchial adenomas in Cushing's syndrome, their relation to thymomas and oat cell carcinomas associated with hyperadrenocorticison. Cancer 1960; 13:812-7.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.32.11.1100","article-title":"Pulmonary tumours: a comparative regional study","volume":"32","author":"Cooney, T.; Sweeney, E.C.; Luke, D.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Cooney T, Sweeney EC, Luke D. Pulmonary tumours: a comparative regional study. J Clin Pathol 1979; 32:1100-9.","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref_12","first-page":"287","article-title":"Immunoperoxidase staining for serotonin, bombesin, calcitonin and leuenkephalin in pulmonary tumorlets, bronchial carcinoids and oat cell carcinomas. Lab Invest","volume":"46","author":"Curz, E.; Chan, W.; Kay, J.M.; Camberlain, D.W.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Curz E, Chan W, Kay JM, Camberlain DW. Immunoperoxidase staining for serotonin, bombesin, calcitonin and leuenkephalin in pulmonary tumorlets, bronchial carcinoids and oat cell carcinomas. Lab Invest 1982;46: 16A. 3 Gould VE, Linnoila RI, Memoli V, Warren WH. Neuroendocrine cells and neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lung. Pathol Ann 1983;18:287-330.","journal-title":"Pathol Ann; Neuroendocrine cells and neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lung"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19830901)52:5<819::AID-CNCR2820520512>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Pulmonary carcinoid. Immunohistochemical demonstration of brain-gut peptides","volume":"52","author":"Yang, K.; Wick, T.; Taylor, I.; Cheng, L.; Lewin, K.J.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Yang K, Wick T, Taylor I, Cheng L, Lewin KJ. Pulmonary carcinoid. Immunohistochemical demonstration of brain-gut peptides. Cancer 1983;52:819-23.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"116","article-title":"Lead hematoxylin as a stain for endocrine cells. Significance of staining and comparison with other methods. Histochemie","volume":"20","author":"Solcia, E.; Capella, C.; Vassallo, G.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Solcia E, Capella C, Vassallo G. Lead hematoxylin as a stain for endocrine cells. Significance of staining and comparison with other methods. Histochemie 1969;20: 116-26."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"243","article-title":"A silver nitrate stain for a2-cells in human pancreatic islets","volume":"73","author":"Grimelius, L.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Grimelius L. A silver nitrate stain for a2-cells in human pancreatic islets. Acta Societatis Medicorum Upsalienses 1968; 73: 243-70.","journal-title":"Acta Societatis Medicorum Upsalienses"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"174","article-title":"APUD cells in teratomas","volume":"104","author":"Bosman, F.T.; Louwerens, J.W.K.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Bosman FT, Louwerens JWK. APUD cells in teratomas. Am J Pathol 1981; 104:174-80.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00506561","article-title":"Efficiency and sensitivity of indirect immunoperoxidase methods","volume":"77","author":"Fr, Bosman; G, Cramer-Knijnenburg; J, Van Bergen-Henegouw","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bosman Fr, Cramer-Knijnenburg G, Van Bergen-Henegouw J. Efficiency and sensitivity of indirect immunoperoxidase methods. Histochemistry 1983; 77:185-94.","journal-title":"Histochemistry"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"143","article-title":"Immunocytochemical localization of noradrenaline, adrenaline and serotonin","volume-title":"Immunocytochemistry: Practical applications in pathology and biology","author":"Verhofstad, A.A.J.; Steinbusch, H.W.M.; Joosten, H.W.J.; Penke, B.; Varga, J.; Goldstein, M.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Verhofstad AAJ, Steinbusch HWM, Joosten HWJ, Penke B, Varga J, Goldstein M. Immunocytochemical localization of noradrenaline, adrenaline and serotonin. In: Polak JM, van Noorden S, eds. Immunocytochemistry: Practical applications in pathology and biology. Bristol: Wright and Sons, 1983:143-68."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1091720301","article-title":"Neuroepithelial bodies (neuroreceptor of secretory organs) in human infant bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium","volume":"172","author":"Lauwerijns, J.M.; Peuskens, J.C.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Lauwerijns JM, Peuskens JC. Neuroepithelial bodies (neuroreceptor of secretory organs) in human infant bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium. Anat Rec 1972; 172:471-82.","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"469","article-title":"Neuroepithelial bodies in the human child and adult lung","volume":"111","author":"Lauwerijns, J.M.; Goddeerin, P.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Lauwerijns JM, Goddeerin P. Neuroepithelial bodies in the human child and adult lung. Am Rev Resp Dis 1975; 111:469-76.","journal-title":"Am Rev Resp Dis"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00217095","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localization of serotonin in intrapulmonary neuroepithelial bodies","volume":"226","author":"Lauwerijns, J.M.; De Bock, V.; Verhofstad, A.A.J.; Steinbusch, H.W.M.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lauwerijns JM, De Bock V, Verhofstad AAJ, Steinbusch HWM. Immunohistochemical localization of serotonin in intrapulmonary neuroepithelial bodies. Cell Tissue Res 1982; 226:215-23.","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"196","article-title":"Immunocytochemical localization of calcitonin in Kulchitsky cells of the lung","volume":"104","year":"1980","unstructured":"Becker KL, Monaghan KG, Silva 0. Immunocytochemical localization of calcitonin in Kulchitsky cells of the lung. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1980; 104:196-8.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01967969","article-title":"Bombesin, calcitonin and leuencephalin immunoreactivity in the human lung","volume":"37","author":"Cutz, E.; Chan, W.; Track, V.S.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Cutz E, Chan W, Track VS. Bombesin, calcitonin and leuencephalin immunoreactivity in the human lung. Experienta 1981;37:765-7.","journal-title":"Experienta"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1038\/273769a0","article-title":"Bombesin-like immunoreactivity in the lung","volume":"273","author":"Wharton, J.; Polak, J.M.; Bloom, SR","year":"1978","unstructured":"Wharton J, Polak JM, Bloom SR. Bombesin-like immunoreactivity in the lung. Nature 1978;273:769-70.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)39836-8","article-title":"Atypical carcinoid tumors of the lung","volume":"64","author":"Antigoni, M.G.; Woolner, L.B.; Beratz, R.E.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Antigoni MG, Woolner LB, Beratz RE. Atypical carcinoid tumors of the lung. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1972; 64:413-21.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"771","article-title":"Serotonin immunoreactivity in carcinoid tumours demonstrated by a monoclonal antibody","volume":"i:","author":"Cuello, A.C.; Wells, C.; Chaplin, A.J.; Milstein, C.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Cuello AC, Wells C, Chaplin AJ, Milstein C. Serotonin immunoreactivity in carcinoid tumours demonstrated by a monoclonal antibody. Lancet 1982;i:771-3.","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.37.8.931","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T07:55:24Z","timestamp":1765007724000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.37.8.931"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1984,8]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1984,8,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jcp.37.8.931"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.37.8.931","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9746","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-4146","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1984,8]]}}}