{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T18:08:46Z","timestamp":1763748526227,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The response to skin testing with tuberculins extracted from various species of mycobacteria was studied in 49 patients from Dundee with chronic obstructive airways disease. Seventeen had never been treated with steroids (group 1), 17 were receiving short term high doses of prednisolone (group 2) and did not have impaired Synacthen tests; 15 were receiving long term maintenance treatment and did have impaired Synacthen tests (group 3). Erythematous and indurated reactions were seen in a few patients, more commonly to antigens from Mycobacterium tuberculosis than to the other species: neither of the latter treatment groups showed appreciable reduction in reactivity compared with that of the group 1 patients. The number and microanatomical distribution of the T4 and T8 lymphocytes and the M3 bearing monocytes and macrophages was studied immunocytochemically in cryostat sections of biopsy specimens from the antigen injection sites. The density of these cells was significantly less in clinically negative reactions than in those with erythema or induration, but was unrelated to the presence or absence of a history of treatment with prednisolone. The T4:T8 ratio in the section as a whole was similar to that of the peripheral blood, but T8 cells were relatively more common in the perivascular and periappendicular foci, and T4 lymphocytes were predominant in the diffuse component of the infiltrate. I12 receptor bearing lymphocytes were uncommon: such cells were least common in the clinically negative reactions, but the number and distribution were apparently unrelated to the presence or absence of prednisolone treatment. It was concluded that currently accepted regimens of treatment with prednisolone did not reduce the effector arm of type IV (delayed type hypersensitivity) responses and so are unlikely to compromise this aspect of protective immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.40.1.42","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"42-49","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Skin test responsiveness to four new tuberculins in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease receiving short term high doses of, or long term maintenance treatment with, prednisolone: clinical appearances and histometric studies."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"J G","family":"Lowe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J S","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J H","family":"Gibbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R A","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R C","family":"Potts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J M","family":"Grange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J L","family":"Stanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1987,1,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"38","key":"ref_1","first-page":"51","article-title":"Reversion and reconversion rate of tuberculin skin reactions in correlation with the use of prednisone","volume":"1960","author":"S, I.Bovornkitti; P, Kangsadal; P, Sathirapat","unstructured":"I Bovornkitti S, Kangsadal P, Sathirapat P, et al. Reversion and reconversion rate of tuberculin skin reactions in correlation with the use of prednisone. Dis Chest 1960;38:51-5.","journal-title":"Dis Chest"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"277","article-title":"The effect of cortisone upon the reaction of the skin to tuberculin in tuberculosis and in sarcoidosis","volume":"26","author":"Citron, K.M.; Scadding, J.G.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Citron KM, Scadding JG. The effect of cortisone upon the reaction of the skin to tuberculin in tuberculosis and in sarcoidosis. Q J Med 1957;26:277-89.","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4794.1126","article-title":"Effect of cortisone upon skin sensitivity to tuberculin in sarcoidosis","volume":"ii:","author":"Pyke, D.A.; Scadding, J.G.","year":"1952","unstructured":"Pyke DA, Scadding JG. Effect of cortisone upon skin sensitivity to tuberculin in sarcoidosis. Br Med J 1952;ii: 1126-8.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"135","article-title":"Enhancement of Mantoux reaction coincident with treatment with cortisone and prednisolone","volume":"1","author":"Truelove, L.H.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Truelove LH. Enhancement of Mantoux reaction coincident with treatment with cortisone and prednisolone. Br Med J 1957;ii:1 135-7.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5196.433","article-title":"Cortisone and skin sensitivity to tuberculin in reticuloses","volume":"ii:","author":"Fairley, G.H.; Matthias, J.Q.","year":"1960","unstructured":"Fairley GH, Matthias JQ. Cortisone and skin sensitivity to tuberculin in reticuloses. Br Med J 1960;ii:433-6.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196906262802601","article-title":"Alternative day prednisone therapy. Evaluation of delayed hypersensitivity responses, control of disease and steroid side effects","volume":"280","author":"MacGregor, R.R.; Sheagren, J.N.; Lipsett, M.B.","year":"1969","unstructured":"MacGregor RR, Sheagren JN, Lipsett MB, et al. Alternative day prednisone therapy. Evaluation of delayed hypersensitivity responses, control of disease and steroid side effects. N Engl J Med 1969;280:1427-31.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-84-3-261","article-title":"The prevalence of tuberculosis and positive skin tests in a steroid-treated asthmatic population","volume":"84","author":"Schatz, M.; Patterson, R.; Kloner, R.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Schatz M, Patterson R, Kloner R, et al. The prevalence of tuberculosis and positive skin tests in a steroid-treated asthmatic population. Ann Intern Med 1976;84:261-5.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400046659","article-title":"The production and preliminary investigation of Burulin, a new skin test reagent for Mycobacterium ulcerans infection","volume":"74","author":"Stanford, J.L.; Revill, W.D.L.; Gunthorpe, W.J.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Stanford JL, Revill WDL, Gunthorpe WJ, et al. The production and preliminary investigation of Burulin, a new skin test reagent for Mycobacterium ulcerans infection. J Hyg (Camb) 1975;74:7-16.","journal-title":"J Hyg (Camb)"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400056230","article-title":"Multiple skin testing of tuberculosis patients with a range of new tuberculins and a comparison with leprosy and Mycobacteria ulcerans infection","volume":"78","author":"Shield, M.J.; Stanford, J.L.; Paul, R.C.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Shield MJ, Stanford JL, Paul RC, et al. Multiple skin testing of tuberculosis patients with a range of new tuberculins and a comparison with leprosy and Mycobacteria ulcerans infection. J Hyg (Camb) 1977;78:331-48.","journal-title":"J Hyg (Camb)"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"343","article-title":"The importance of immunologically effective contact with environmental mycobacteria","volume-title":"The biology of the mycobacteria","volume":"2","author":"Shield, M.J.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Shield MJ. The importance of immunologically effective contact with environmental mycobacteria. In: Ratledge C, Stanford JL, eds. The biology of the mycobacteria. Vol. 2. New York: Academic Press, 1983:343-415."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"484","article-title":"The cellular responses of tuberculosis and leprosy patients and of healthy controls in skin tests to \"New Tuberculin\"","volume":"64","author":"Beck, J.S.; Morley, S.M.; Gibbs, J.H.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Beck JS, Morley SM, Gibbs JH, et al. The cellular responses of tuberculosis and leprosy patients and of healthy controls in skin tests to \"New Tuberculin\" and Leprosin A. Clin Exp Immunol 1986;64:484-94.","journal-title":"and Leprosin A. Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.38.7.840","article-title":"Cryopreservation with glycerol during cryostat sectioning for localisation of lymphocytes and accessory cell phenotypic subsets in tissue biopsies","volume":"38","author":"Coghill, G.; Gibbs, J.H.; Lowe, J.G.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Coghill G, Gibbs JH, Lowe JG, et al. Cryopreservation with glycerol during cryostat sectioning for localisation of lymphocytes and accessory cell phenotypic subsets in tissue biopsies. J Clin Pathol 1985;38:840-2.","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.37.11.1227","article-title":"Histometric study of the localisation of lymphocyte subsets and accessory cells in human Mantoux reactions","volume":"37","author":"Gibbs, J.H.; Ferguson, J.; Brown, R.A.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Gibbs JH, Ferguson J, Brown RA, et al. Histometric study of the localisation of lymphocyte subsets and accessory cells in human Mantoux reactions. J Clin Pathol 1984;37:1227-34.","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2478(83)90009-3","article-title":"The sensitivity of peripheral blood lymphocytes to growth inhibition by hydrocortisone is not determined by their OKT4: OKT8 ratio","volume":"6","author":"Roberts, C.; Potts, R.C.; Brown, R.A.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Roberts C, Potts RC, Brown RA, et al. The sensitivity of peripheral blood lymphocytes to growth inhibition by hydrocortisone is not determined by their OKT4:OKT8 ratio. Immunol Leut 1983;6:227-30.","journal-title":"Immunol Leut"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"82","article-title":"Simultaneous statistical inference","author":"Miller, R.G.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Miller RG. Simultaneous statistical inference. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company, 1966:82-4."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"355","article-title":"Statistical methods in medical research","author":"Armitage, P.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Armitage P. Statistical methods in medical research. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1971:355-7."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"321","article-title":"A preliminary investigation of the responsiveness or otherwise of patients and staff of a leprosy hospital to groups of shared or species specific antigens of mycobacteria","volume":"52","author":"Stanford, J.L.; Nye, P.M.; Rook, G.A.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Stanford JL, Nye PM, Rook GA, et al. A preliminary investigation of the responsiveness or otherwise of patients and staff of a leprosy hospital to groups of shared or species specific antigens of mycobacteria. Lepr Rev 1981;52:321-7.","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"},{"key":"ref_18","article-title":"A comparison of the responsiveness to four new tuberculins among Indonesian patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy subjects","author":"Kardjito, T.; Beck, J.S.; Grange, J.M.","unstructured":"Kardjito T, Beck JS, Grange JM, et al. A comparison of the responsiveness to four new tuberculins among Indonesian patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and healthy subjects. Eur J Respir Dis (in press).","journal-title":"Eur J Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"516","article-title":"The histology of the tuberculin reaction and its modification by cortisone","volume":"32","author":"Gell, P.G.H.; Hinde, I.T.","year":"1952","unstructured":"Gell PGH, Hinde IT. The histology of the tuberculin reaction and its modification by cortisone. Br J Exp Pathol 1952;32:516-29.","journal-title":"Br J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197208242870806","article-title":"Corticosteroids and lymphoid cells","volume":"287","author":"Claman, H.N.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Claman HN. Corticosteroids and lymphoid cells. N Engl J Med 1972;287:388-97.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/08923977809027327","article-title":"Mechanisms of the immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory effects of glucosteroids","author":"Fauci, A.S.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Fauci AS. Mechanisms of the immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory effects of glucosteroids. J Immunopharmacol 1978-9;L:1-25.","journal-title":"J Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1982.tb00431.x","article-title":"Corticosteroid-mediated immunoregulation in man","volume":"65","author":"Cupps, T.R.; Fauci, A.S.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Cupps TR, Fauci AS. Corticosteroid-mediated immunoregulation in man. Immunol Rev 1982;65:133-55.","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"302","article-title":"Tuberculosis","author":"Youmans, P.H.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Youmans PH. Tuberculosis. Philadelphia: WP Saunders Co, 1984:302-16."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"681","article-title":"Cell mediated immunity and delayed-type hypersensitivity","volume-title":"The mycobacteria: a source book Part B","author":"Lagrange, P.H.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Lagrange PH. Cell mediated immunity and delayed-type hypersensitivity. In: Kubica GP, Wayne LW, eds. The mycobacteria: a source book Part B. New York: Mercel Dekker, 1984:681-720."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"72","article-title":"The tuberculin test in clinical practice: an illustrative guide","author":"Caplin, M.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Caplin M. The tuberculin test in clinical practice: an illustrative guide. London: Bailliere Tindal, 1980:72."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"705","article-title":"The distribution of lymphoid and macrophage-like cell subsets of sarcoid and Kveim granulomata: possible mechanism of negative PPD reaction in sarcoidosis. Clin Exp Immunol","volume":"54","author":"Mishra, B.B.; Poulter, L.W.; Janossy, G.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Mishra BB, Poulter LW, Janossy G, et al. The distribution of lymphoid and macrophage-like cell subsets of sarcoid and Kveim granulomata: possible mechanism of negative PPD reaction in sarcoidosis. Clin Exp Immunol 1983;54:705-15."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197509042931013","article-title":"Measurement of delayed skin-test responses","volume":"293","author":"Sokol, J.E.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Sokol JE. Measurement of delayed skin-test responses. N Engl J Med 1975;293:501-2.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.40.1.42","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T17:51:00Z","timestamp":1763747460000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.40.1.42"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1987,1,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jcp.40.1.42"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.40.1.42","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0021-9746"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1472-4146"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]}}}