{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T17:16:05Z","timestamp":1771262165411,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Kleihauer examination of peripheral blood cannot be used reliably to detect transplacental fetal-maternal haemorrhage in mothers with hereditary persistence of fetal haemoglobin (HPFH). In Rh(D) negative pregnancies diagnostic confusion with a large fetal-maternal haemorrhage could result in the administration of inappropriately excessive amounts of anti-D immunoglobulin, and the inability to diagnose and quantify transplacental haemorrhage in maternal HPFH by current methods could result in insufficient anti-D administration and subsequent Rh(D) sensitisation. Accordingly, a method to detect and quantify fetal-Rh(D) positive maternal haemorrhage using erythrocyte fluorescent immunocytometry was developed. An indirect immunofluorescence method with IgG anti-D immunoglobulin as the primary antibody was used, combined with quantitative analysis on a fluorescence activated cell sorter. The method was accurate, specific, and sensitive and could detect a contaminating population of 0.1% Rh(D) positive cells in Rh(D) negative blood--a level of fetal-maternal haemorrhage well covered by a single dose of 500 IU of anti-D immunoglobulin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.43.9.728","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"728-731","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Assessment of fetal-maternal haemorrhage in mothers with hereditary persistence of fetal haemoglobin."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"W N","family":"Patton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G S","family":"Nicholson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A H","family":"Sawers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I M","family":"Franklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F A","family":"Ala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A W","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"635","article-title":"Demonstration von fetalem hiimoglobin in dem erythrocyten eines blutausstrichs","volume":"35","author":"Kleihauer, E.; Braun, H.; Betke, K.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Kleihauer E, Braun H, Betke K. Demonstration von fetalem hiimoglobin in dem erythrocyten eines blutausstrichs. Klin Wochenschr 1957;35:635-7.","journal-title":"Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1978.tb01082.x","article-title":"for Standardization in Haematology. Recommendations for selected methods for quantitative estmation of Hb A2 and for Hb A2 reference preparation","volume":"38","author":"International Committee","year":"1978","unstructured":"International Committee for Standardization in Haematology. Recommendations for selected methods for quantitative estmation of Hb A2 and for Hb A2 reference preparation. Br J Haematol 1978;38:573-8.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"568","article-title":"Fetal haemoglobin: Optimum conditions for its estimation by alkali denaturation","volume":"77","author":"Molden, D.P.; Alexander, N.M.; Neeley, W.E.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Molden DP, Alexander NM, Neeley WE. 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Detection of fetal erythrocytes in maternal blood post partum with the fluorescence-activated cell sorter. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1984;148:290-5.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.990050207","article-title":"Rare-event analysis methods for detection of fetal red blood cells in maternal blood","volume":"5","author":"Cupp, J.E.; Leary, J.F.; Cernichiari, E.; Wood, J.; Doherty, R.A.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Cupp JE, Leary JF, Cernichiari E, Wood J, Doherty RA. Rare-event analysis methods for detection of fetal red blood cells in maternal blood. Cytometry 1984;5:138-44.","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(87)90225-0","article-title":"Application of flow cytometry to immunohaematology","volume":"101","author":"Nance, S.; Garratty, G.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Nance S, Garratty G. Application of flow cytometry to immunohaematology. J Immunol Methods 1987;101: 127-31.","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Applications of flow cytometry in blood transfusion science","volume-title":"Progress in Imnunohaematology","author":"Nance, S.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Nance S. Applications of flow cytometry in blood transfusion science. In: Moore SB, ed. Progress in Imnunohaematology. Arlington, Virginia: American Association of Blood Banks, 1988:1-30."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.1982.22683068604.x","article-title":"Detection of fetal maternal haemorrhage in Rh immune globulin candidates. A rosetting technique using enzyme-treated Rh2Rh2 indicator erythrocytes","volume":"22","author":"Sebring, E.S.; Polesky, H.F.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Sebring ES, Polesky HF. Detection of fetal maternal haemorrhage in Rh immune globulin candidates. 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