{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T04:09:49Z","timestamp":1790395789564,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>AIMS--To assess the value of a new rapid fluorescence method for the diagnosis of microsporidiosis in HIV seropositive patients. METHODS--Microsporidian spores in stools were demonstrated by using the fluorochrome stain Uvitex 2B. The new technique was evaluated in three groups of HIV seropositive patients with diarrhoea. Group 1: 19 patients with biopsy confirmed E bieneusi infection (186 stool samples); group 2: 143 consecutive patients from whom faeces were submitted for routine investigation of diarrhoea (318 samples); group 3: 16 patients with small intestinal biopsy specimens negative for microsporidia (55 samples). The new method was used to monitor spore shedding during experimental treatment with paromomycin and albendazole in four patients. RESULTS--Brightly fluorescent spores were detected in all stool samples of patients in group 1. In group 2 16 (11%) patients had spores in their stool samples. E bieneusi was found in 11 patients; in the other five another genus of microsporidia, Encephalitozoon, was recognised. Encephalitozoon spores were also found in the urine of three of these patients and in the maxillary sinus aspirate of two of them, suggesting disseminated infection. The results were confirmed by electron microscopic examination. In group 3 negative biopsy specimens were confirmed by negative stool samples in all cases. Treatment with albendazole and paromomycin did not affect the spore shedding in three patients with E bieneusi infection. By contrast, in a patient with Encephalitozoon sp infection albendazole treatment resulted in clinical improvement together with complete cessation of spore excretion in the stool. CONCLUSION--The Uvitex 2B fluorescence method combines speed, sensitivity, and specificity for the diagnosis and treatment evaluation of intestinal and disseminated microsporidiosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.46.8.694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"694-699","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":170,"title":["Diagnosis of intestinal and disseminated microsporidial infections in patients with HIV by a new rapid fluorescence technique."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"T","family":"van Gool","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Snijders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Reiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J K","family":"Eeftinck Schattenkerk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M A","family":"van den Bergh Weerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J F","family":"Bartelsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J J","family":"Bruins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E U","family":"Canning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Dankert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","article-title":"The microsporidia of vertebrates","author":"Canning, E.U.; Lom, J.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Canning EU, Lom J. The microsporidia of vertebrates. New York: Academic Press, 1986."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.44.7.558","article-title":"Histological diagnosis of intestinal microsporidiosis in patients with AIDS","volume":"44","author":"Peacock, C.S.; Blanshard, C.; Tovey, D.G.; Ellis, D.S.; Gazzard, B.G.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Peacock CS, Blanshard C, Tovey DG, Ellis DS, Gazzard BG. Histological diagnosis of intestinal microsporidiosis in patients with AIDS. Jf Clin Pathol 1991;44:558-63.","journal-title":"Jf Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/0046-8177(90)90003-N","article-title":"Intestinal microsporidiosis as a cause of diarrhoea in human immunodeficiency virusinfected patients: a report of 20 cases","volume":"21","author":"Orenstein, J.M.; Chiang, J.; Steinberg, W.; Smith, P.D.; Rotterdam, H.; Kotler, D.P.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Orenstein JM, Chiang J, Steinberg W, Smith PD, Rotterdam H, Kotler DP. Intestinal microsporidiosis as a cause of diarrhoea in human immunodeficiency virusinfected patients: a report of 20 cases. Hum Pathol 1990;21:475-81.","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90215-B","article-title":"Clinical significance of small-intestinal microsporidiosis in HIV-1-infected individuals","volume":"337","author":"JKM, Eeftinck Schattenkerk; van Gool T; van Ketel RJ","year":"1991","unstructured":"Eeftinck Schattenkerk JKM, van Gool T, van Ketel RJ, et al. Clinical significance of small-intestinal microsporidiosis in HIV-1-infected individuals. Lancet 1991; 337:895-8.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199111000-00024","article-title":"Microsporidiosis detected in association with AIDSrelated sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"5","author":"McWhinney, P.H.M.; Nathwani, D.; Green, J.F.","year":"1991","unstructured":"McWhinney PHM, Nathwani D, Green JF, et al. Microsporidiosis detected in association with AIDSrelated sclerosing cholangitis. AIDS 1991;5:1394-5.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-107-1-61","article-title":"Microsporidian hepatitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","volume":"107","author":"Terada, S.; Reddy, R.K.; Jeffers, U.; Cali, A.; Schiff, E.R.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Terada S, Reddy RK, Jeffers U, Cali A, Schiff ER. Microsporidian hepatitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med 1987;107:61-2.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"352","article-title":"A case of Encephalitozoon cuniculi peritonitis in a patient with AIDS","volume":"92","author":"Zender, H.O.; Arrigoni, E.; Eckert, J.; Kapanci, Y.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Zender HO, Arrigoni E, Eckert J, Kapanci Y. A case of Encephalitozoon cuniculi peritonitis in a patient with AIDS. AmJClin Pathol 1989;92:352-6.","journal-title":"AmJClin Pathol"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/163.3.617","article-title":"Isolation of a new human microsporidian, Encephalitozoon hellem (n.sp.) from three AIDS patients with keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"163","author":"Didier, E.S.; Didier, P.J.; Friedberg, D.N.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Didier ES, Didier PJ, Friedberg DN, et al. Isolation of a new human microsporidian, Encephalitozoon hellem (n.sp.) from three AIDS patients with keratoconjunctivitis. J Infect Dis 1991;163:617-21.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"96","article-title":"A comparison of two microsporidian parasites in enterocytes of AIDS patients with chronic diarrhoea","volume":"38","author":"Cali, A.; Orenstein, J.M.; Kotler, D.P.; Owen, R.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cali A, Orenstein JM, Kotler DP, Owen R. A comparison of two microsporidian parasites in enterocytes of AIDS patients with chronic diarrhoea. Jf Protozool 1991;38: 96-8.","journal-title":"Jf Protozool"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92198-Q","article-title":"Diagnosis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi microsporidiosis in AIDS patients by recovery of spores from faeces","volume":"336","author":"T, Van Gool; WS, Hollister; J, Eeftinck Schattenkerk","year":"1990","unstructured":"Van Gool T, Hollister WS, Eeftinck Schattenkerk J, et al. Diagnosis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi microsporidiosis in AIDS patients by recovery of spores from faeces. Lancet 1990;336:697-8.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92600-M","article-title":"Identification of spores of Enterocytozoon in stool and duodenal fluid from AIDS patients","volume":"336","author":"Orenstein, J.M.; Zierdt, W.; Zierdt, C.; Kotler, D.P.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Orenstein JM, Zierdt W, Zierdt C, Kotler DP. Identification of spores of Enterocytozoon in stool and duodenal fluid from AIDS patients. Lancet 1990;336: 1127-8.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199201163260304","article-title":"Improved lightmicroscopical detection of microsporidia spores in stool and duodenal aspirates","volume":"326","author":"Weber, R.; Bryan, R.T.; Owen, R.L.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Weber R, Bryan RT, Owen RL, et al. Improved lightmicroscopical detection of microsporidia spores in stool and duodenal aspirates. N Engl J Med 1992;326: 161-6.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1550-7408.1985.tb03046.x","article-title":"Occurrence of a new microsporidian: Enterocytozoon bieneusi n.g., n. sp., in the enterocytes of a human patient with AIDS","volume":"32","author":"Desportes, I.; le Charpentier, Y.; Galian, A.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Desportes I, le Charpentier Y, Galian A, et al. Occurrence of a new microsporidian: Enterocytozoon bieneusi n.g., n. sp., in the enterocytes of a human patient with AIDS. J Protozool 1985;32:250-4.","journal-title":"J Protozool"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1093\/labmed\/18.9.603","article-title":"Evaluation of Uvitex 2B: a nonspecific fluorescent stain for the detection and identifying of fungi and algae in tissue","volume":"18","author":"Koch, H.H.; Pimsler, M.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Koch HH, Pimsler M. Evaluation of Uvitex 2B: a nonspecific fluorescent stain for the detection and identifying of fungi and algae in tissue. Lab Med 1987;18:603-6.","journal-title":"Lab Med"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000060315","article-title":"Evidence for widespread occurrence of antibodies to Encephalitozoon cuniculi (microspora) in man provided by ELISA and other serological tests","volume":"102","author":"Hollister, W.S.; Canning, E.U.; Willcox, A.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hollister WS, Canning EU, Willcox A. Evidence for widespread occurrence of antibodies to Encephalitozoon cuniculi (microspora) in man provided by ELISA and other serological tests. Parasitology 1989;102:33-43.","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199210000-00013","article-title":"Systemic dissemination by a newly recognized intestinal microsporidia species in AIDS","volume":"6","author":"Orenstein, J.M.; Dieterich, T.; Kotler, D.P.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Orenstein JM, Dieterich T, Kotler DP. Systemic dissemination by a newly recognized intestinal microsporidia species in AIDS. AIDS 1992;6:1143-50.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199203000-00009","article-title":"Treatment of intestinal microsporidiosis with albendazole in patients with AIDS","volume":"6","author":"Blanshard, C.; Ellis, D.S.; Tovey, D.G.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Blanshard C, Ellis DS, Tovey DG, et al. Treatment of intestinal microsporidiosis with albendazole in patients with AIDS. AIDS 1992;6:311-3.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"9","article-title":"Paromomycin for the treatment of cryptosporidial diarrhoea in AIDS patients","volume":"5","author":"Clezy, K.; Gold, J.; Blaze, J.; Jones, P.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Clezy K, Gold J, Blaze J, Jones P. Paromomycin for the treatment of cryptosporidial diarrhoea in AIDS patients. AIDS 1991;5:9.","journal-title":"AIDS"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.46.8.694","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T16:02:11Z","timestamp":1765728131000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.46.8.694"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,8,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jcp.46.8.694"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.46.8.694","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9746","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-4146","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]}}}