{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T09:34:34Z","timestamp":1784194474726,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A case of BK virus cystitis in a 5 year old boy is reported. This patient, who was not immunocompromised, had had acute cystitis for two weeks. Many intracytoplasmic inclusions were observed in urinary sediment smears stained by the Papanicolaou method. Electron microscopic examination showed virus particles, presumed to be human polyomavirus, in the nuclei of the degenerated urothelial cells. A DNA sequence of the BK virus was detected in 200-300 urothelial cells in Papanicolaou stained smears by the polymerase chain reaction. BK virus is an unusual cause of symptomatic cystitis in a healthy child.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.46.8.773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"773-775","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Diagnosis of childhood BK virus cystitis by electron microscopy and PCR."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"K","family":"Saitoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Sugae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Koike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Akiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Iwamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/74.3.326","article-title":"Activation of human polyomavirus infection. 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Br MedJ 1973;i:77-8.","journal-title":"Br MedJ"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"770","article-title":"BK virus and non-hemorrhagic cystitis in a child","volume":"i:","author":"Padgett, B.L.; Walker, D.L.; Desquitado, M.M.; Kim, D.U.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Padgett BL, Walker DL, Desquitado MM, Kim DU. BK virus and non-hemorrhagic cystitis in a child. Lancet 1983;i:770.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(76)80936-5","article-title":"Acute hemorrhagic cystitis of childhood and papovavirus-like particles","volume":"89","author":"Hashida, Y.; Gaffney, P.C.; Yunis, E.J.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Hashida Y, Gaffney PC, Yunis EJ. Acute hemorrhagic cystitis of childhood and papovavirus-like particles. J Pediatr 1976;89:85-7.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.30.11.1015","article-title":"Human papovaviruses in Papanicolaou smears of urinary sediment detected by transmission electron microscopy","volume":"30","author":"Coleman, D.V.; Russell, W.J.I.; Hodgson, J.; Pe, T.; Mowbray, J.F.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Coleman DV, Russell WJI, Hodgson J, Pe T, Mowbray JF. Human papovaviruses in Papanicolaou smears of urinary sediment detected by transmission electron microscopy. 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