{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T23:35:18Z","timestamp":1791156918619,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>AIMS--To determine the prevalence of cells secreting interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the gut mucosa of children with chronic inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS--Mononuclear cells were isolated from intestinal biopsy specimens from control children (n = 10) and children with active inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease n = 15, ulcerative colitis n = 9, indeterminate colitis n = 3). Spontaneous IL-4 production was then measured by SPOT-enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) using a pair of non-competing anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibodies. The percentage of T cells in the isolated cells were also determined and the prevalence of IL-4 secreting cells calculated per 10,000 T cells. RESULTS--In control children the mean number of IL-4 secreting cells was 15.1 per 10,000 T cells. In Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis the means were 5.3 and 5.2, respectively. In two children with indeterminate colitis numbers were also low. There was no difference in the percentage of T cells in the cell preparations isolated from each patient group. The reduction of IL-4 secreting cells in patients with Crohn's disease was not caused by steroids. CONCLUSIONS--In idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease IL-4 secreting cells are reduced in diseased mucosa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.47.11.1015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"1015-1018","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Decreased mucosal interleukin-4 (IL-4) production in gut inflammation."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"R","family":"Karttunnen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E J","family":"Breese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J A","family":"Walker-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T T","family":"MacDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,11,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"ref_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Plasma interleukin-2 and a soluble\/shed interleukin-2 receptor in serum of patients with Crohn's disease. 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Tumour necrosis factor-alpha producing cells in the intestinal mucosa of children with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 1994;106: 1455-66.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref_3","first-page":"1086","article-title":"Effects of tumor necrosis factor, lipopolysaccharide, and IL-4 on the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-i in vivo. Correlation with CD3 + T cell infiltration","volume":"149","author":"Briscoe, D.M.; Cotran, R.S.; PoberJS","year":"1992","unstructured":"Briscoe DM, Cotran RS, PoberJS. Effects of tumor necrosis factor, lipopolysaccharide, and IL-4 on the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-i in vivo. Correlation with CD3 + T cell infiltration. J Immunol 1992;149: 15 Sc2h9l5ei4m-e6r0.RP, Sterbinsky SA, Kaiser J, Bickel CA, Klunk DA, Tomioka K, et al. IL-4 induces adherence of human eosinophils and basophils but not neutrophils to endothelium. JImmunol 1992;148:1086-92.","journal-title":"J Immunol; IL-4 induces adherence of human eosinophils and basophils but not neutrophils to endothelium"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1740","article-title":"Synergistic effect of IL-4 and IFN-y on the expression nent) and of polymeric IgA binding Ig receptor by human (secretory epithelial cceollmsp","volume":"145","author":"Phillips, J.O.; Everson, M.P.; Moldoveanu, Z.; Lue, C.; Mestecky, J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Phillips JO, Everson MP, Moldoveanu Z, Lue C, Mestecky J. Synergistic effect of IL-4 and IFN-y on the expression nent) and of polymeric IgA binding Ig receptor by human (secretory epithelial cceollmsp. o-7 Immunol 1990;145:1740-4."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.173.3.747","article-title":"Human B cell clones can be induced tiontperrolleiufkeirna-t4e and and to switch to IgE a signal provided abnydacItgiGva4tesdynCthDe4sis+ by T cell clones","volume":"173","author":"Gascan, H.; Gauchat, J.-F.; Roncarolo, M.-G.; Yssel, H.; Spits, H.; de Vries, J.E.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Gascan H, Gauchat J-F, Roncarolo M-G, Yssel H, Spits H, de Vries JE. Human B cell clones can be induced tiontperrolleiufkeirna-t4e and and to switch to IgE a signal provided abnydacItgiGva4tesdynCthDe4sis+ by T cell clones. J Exp Med 1991;173:747-50.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.47.11.1015","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T15:27:35Z","timestamp":1765726055000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.47.11.1015"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,11]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jcp.47.11.1015"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.47.11.1015","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9746","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-4146","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,11]]}}}