{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T06:50:37Z","timestamp":1765695037512,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>AIM--To investigate serum placental-type alkaline phosphatase (PLAP-type) activities in women with squamous and glandular malignancies of the reproductive tract using an immunoradiometric assay. METHODS--PLAP-type immunoreactivity was measured in 180 women with non-ovarian malignancies of the reproductive tract and the values were compared with those from 334 controls. The cases comprised 18 vulval, nine vaginal, 103 cervical, 46 endometrial, and five fallopian tube cancers. RESULTS--Serum PLAP-type activities were no different from controls in patients with squamous cell tumours. Women with adenocarcinoma of the cervix, endometrium, and fallopian tube had increased values: women with endometrial cancer had a median value nearly four times greater than that of controls. There was no direct correlation between PLAP-type activities and stage of disease in patients with endometrial cancer, but values reverted to normal after treatment. CONCLUSIONS--Serum PLAP-type measurements are of no value in the management of patients with squamous cell tumours of the female reproductive tract. Raised activities can, however, be found in glandular tumours, in particular endometrial cancer where serum PLAP-type measurements may be of value in predicting remission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.47.11.1035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"1035-1037","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Serum placental-type alkaline phosphatase activity in women with squamous and glandular malignancies of the reproductive tract."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"T E","family":"Ind","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R K","family":"Iles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P G","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D G","family":"Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J H","family":"Shepherd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C N","family":"Hudson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Chard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"Regan isoenzyme and human chorionic gonadotrophin in ovarian cancer","volume":"42","author":"Fishman, W.H.; Inglis, N.R.; Vaitukaitis, J.; Stolbach, L.L.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Fishman WH, Inglis NR, Vaitukaitis J, Stolbach LL. Regan isoenzyme and human chorionic gonadotrophin in ovarian cancer. National Cancer Institute Monograph 1975;42:63-73.","journal-title":"National Cancer Institute Monograph"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"892","article-title":"Human placental alkaline phosphatase in benign and malignant ovarian neoplasia","volume":"45","author":"Nouwen, E.J.; Pollet, D.E.; Schelstraete, J.B.; Eerdekens, M.W.; Hansch, C.; Van de Voorde, A.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Nouwen EJ, Pollet DE, Schelstraete JB, Eerdekens MW, Hansch C, Van de Voorde A, et al. Human placental alkaline phosphatase in benign and malignant ovarian neoplasia. 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Serum marker potential of placental alkaline phosphatase-like activity in testicular germ cell tumours evaluated by H17E2 monoclonal antibody assay. Br J Cancer 1985; 51:631-9.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"38","article-title":"Placental alkaline phosphatase in the detection of benign versus malignant pelvic masses","volume":"20","author":"Ind, T.E.J.; Iles, R.K.; Murugan, P.; Shepherd, J.H.; Hudson, C.N.; Chard, T.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ind TEJ, Iles RK, Murugan P, Shepherd JH, Hudson CN, Chard T. Placental alkaline phosphatase in the detection of benign versus malignant pelvic masses. 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Influence on histological type, grade of differentiation, and clinical stage of disease","volume":"39","year":"1990","unstructured":"Tholander B, Taube A, Lindgren A, Sjorberg 0, Stendahl U, Tamsen L. Pre-treatment serum levels of CA125, carcinoembryonic antigen, tissue polypeptide antigen, and placental alkaline phosphatase in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Influence on histological type, grade of differentiation, and clinical stage of disease. Gynecol Oncol 1990;39:26-33.","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"228","article-title":"Placental alkaline phosphatase as a tumor marker in ovarian cancer","volume":"69","author":"Vergote, I.B.; Onsrud, M.; Nustad, K.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Vergote IB, Onsrud M, Nustad K. Placental alkaline phosphatase as a tumor marker in ovarian cancer. Obstet Gynecol 1987;69:228-32.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2860023","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of uncompetitive inhibition of human placental and germ-cell alkaline phosphatase","volume":"286","author":"Hoylaerts, M.F.; Manes, T.; Millan, J.L.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hoylaerts MF, Manes T, Millan JL. Molecular mechanism of uncompetitive inhibition of human placental and germ-cell alkaline phosphatase. Biochem J 1992;286: 23-30.","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"89","article-title":"Low levels of placental and placental-like alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in women of blood groups A and AB","volume":"31","author":"Ind, T.E.J.; Iles, R.K.; Chard, T.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ind TEJ, Iles RK, Chard T. Low levels of placental and placental-like alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in women of blood groups A and AB. 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Sensitive fluorimetry of heat-stable alkaline phosphatase (Regan enzyme) activity in serum of smokers and nonsmokers. Clin Chem 1983;29:260-3.","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"195","article-title":"Serum heat stable alkaline phosphatase (the Regan iso-enzyme). A tumour marker activated by smoking","volume":"45","author":"Muensch, H.; Maslow, W.; Carlson, F.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Muensch H, Maslow W, Carlson F. Serum heat stable alkaline phosphatase (the Regan iso-enzyme). A tumour marker activated by smoking. Blut 1982;45:195.","journal-title":"Blut"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19861015)58:8<1689::AID-CNCR2820580818>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Placental alkaline phosphatase. 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IntJ Cancer 1983;31:51-3.","journal-title":"IntJ Cancer"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1993.tb14312.x","article-title":"Low levels of amniotic fluid placental alkaline phosphatase in Down's syndrome","volume":"100","author":"Ind, T.E.J.; Iles, R.K.; Wathen, N.C.; Murugan, P.; Campbell, J.; Macintosh, M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ind TEJ, Iles RK, Wathen NC, Murugan P, Campbell J, Macintosh M, et al. Low levels of amniotic fluid placental alkaline phosphatase in Down's syndrome. 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Obstet Gynecol 1984;63:324-9.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"729","article-title":"Increased incidence of placenta-like alkaline phosphatase activity in breast and genito-urinary cancer","volume":"34","author":"Cadeau, B.J.; Blackstein, M.E.; Malkin, A.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Cadeau BJ, Blackstein ME, Malkin A. Increased incidence of placenta-like alkaline phosphatase activity in breast and genito-urinary cancer. Cancer Res 1974;34:729-32.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1177\/014107688507801104","article-title":"Practical applications of a monoclonal antibody (NDOG2) against placental alkaline phosphatase in ovarian cancer","volume":"78","author":"Davies, J.O.; Jackson, P.; Sadowski, C.; Davies, E.R.; Pitcher, E.; Stirrat, G.M.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Davies JO, Jackson P, Sadowski C, Davies ER, Pitcher E, Stirrat GM, et al. 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Tumor Biol 1992;13:168-74.","journal-title":"Tumor Biol"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-2243(88)80025-X","article-title":"Clinical applications of monoclonal antibodies against ovarian cancer-associated antigens","volume":"29","author":"Kenemans, P.; Yedema, C.A.; Hilgers, J.H.M.; Massuger, L.F.A.G.; Verheijen, R.H.M.; Thomas, C.M.G.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kenemans P, Yedema CA, Hilgers JHM, Massuger LFAG, Verheijen RHM, Thomas CMG, et al. Clinical applications of monoclonal antibodies against ovarian cancer-associated antigens. 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