{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T15:59:07Z","timestamp":1765727947117,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>AIMS--To estimate the proportion and nature of the proliferating (Ki67+) circulating lymphocytes in a series of patients with multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) and to correlate this with other clinical and laboratory parameters, using blood from healthy adults as a control. To investigate the extent to which the B and T lymphoid components are involved in progression and\/or control of disease. METHODS--Blood lymphocytes from 15 patients with multiple myeloma, 10 patients with MGUS and 10 healthy adults were analysed using a sequential double immunoenzymatic staining technique. Antibodies directed against Ki67 were used to detect cells in cycle, CD3, CD4, and CD8 to identify T cells, HLA-Dr as a marker for B cells and activated T cells, and CD11b as a marker for natural killer cells. Polyclonal antibodies directed against the kappa and lambda immunoglobulin light chains were also used to detect B cells. RESULTS--The proportion of proliferating (Ki67+) lymphocytes was significantly higher in patients with multiple myeloma (6.8 +\/- 2.6) and MGUS (3.5 +\/- 1.1) compared with the normal controls (1.69 +\/- 0.3); this was also true when multiple myeloma and MGUS cases were compared. In multiple myeloma and MGUS over 50% of the Ki67+ cells were activated T lymphocytes (CD3+\/HLA-Dr+); a minority (11%) were non-clonal B lymphocytes. In contrast to controls (6.7 +\/- 1.9), in patients with multiple myeloma and MGUS the proportion of proliferating T cells expressing CD8 (23.6 +\/- 12.5 and 15.3 +\/- 7.7, respectively) and CD11b (13 +\/- 8.7 and 11.6 +\/- 3.9, respectively) was higher. In multiple myeloma there was a positive correlation between the proportion of Ki67+ lymphocytes, beta-2-microglobulin concentrations and disease stage. CONCLUSIONS--Although the number of patients investigated is small, this study suggests that Ki67 expression in blood lymphocytes from patients with multiple myeloma may be a good prognostic indicator for aggressive disease and may help to distinguish multiple myeloma from MGUS. The activated proliferating T cells in these diseases may represent an immunological reaction against the tumour.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.48.9.835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"835-839","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Circulating Ki67 positive lymphocytes in multiple myeloma and benign monoclonal gammopathy."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Miguel-Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Matutes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Tarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Garcia-Talavera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Miguel-Sosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Carbonell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Catovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"176200","article-title":"Monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance","volume":"26","author":"Kyle, R.A.; Lust, J.A.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kyle RA, Lust JA. 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