{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T15:24:18Z","timestamp":1765725858283,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>AIM: To evaluate the nature of accelerated fibrinolysis in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. METHODS: The biological activity of plasminogen (Plg), plasminogen activators (PA), alpha 2-antiplasmin (alpha 2-AP) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) was determined by photometric analysis in 15 compensated and 35 decompensated patients with endemic Egyptian hepatosplenomegaly. Quantitative measurement of plasma concentrations of tissue t-PA, t-PA-PAI-1 complex, alpha 2-antiplasmin-plasmin complex (alpha 2-APP), fibrinogen degradation products (FbDP), D-dimers (D-D), thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and prothrombin fragment (F 1 + 2) complexes, using double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assays and grading of the degree of hepatic insufficiency according to the Child-Pugh classification, were also carried out. RESULTS: The progressive deterioration of liver function in schistosomal patients, which matched the severity of the disease, led to simultaneous defects in profibrinolytic (decreased Plg and increased PA and t-PA) and antifibrinolytic (decreased alpha 2-AP and PAI-1) factors-the latter defects being the most prominent-resulting in significant generation of plasmin (increased APP complexes) and therefore enhanced fibrinolysis (increased FbDP and D-dimer). The raised concentrations of FbDP, D-D, TAT and F 1 + 2 established its secondary nature. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the amount of PAI-1 available to bind and neutralise circulating t-PA may be a critical factor in the progress of hyperfibrinolysis observed in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis, and that the pronounced reduction in its plasma concentration may be regarded as a potential warning indicator of haemostatic imbalance in decompensated schistosomal patients at high risk of variceal bleeding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.49.12.990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"990-993","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Hyperfibrinolysis in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"N E","family":"el-Bassiouni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A E","family":"el Bassiouny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H R","family":"el-Khayat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M M","family":"Akl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S A","family":"Omran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Incidence of oesophageal varices as a cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding among patients subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy","author":"Zakaria, S.; Thakeb, F.; Labib, S.; El-Sahly, A.; Hunter, S.; El-Rooby, A.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Zakaria S, Thakeb F, Labib S, El-Sahly A, Hunter S, El-Rooby A. Incidence of oesophageal varices as a cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding among patients subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. In: Zakaria S, Thakeb F, eds. Gastrointestinal endoscopy: an Egyptian view. Cairo, Egypt: Nidoc Publications 1988:3-11."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"819","article-title":"Shams El-Din AA. The pathogenesis of accelerated fibrinolysis in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. Blood Coag Fibrinol","volume":"3","author":"Omran, S.A.; Madkour, B.A.; Essawy, F.M.; Toima, S.A.; El-Kaliouby, A.H.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Omran SA, Madkour BA, Essawy FM, Toima SA, El-Kaliouby AH, Shams El-Din AA. The pathogenesis of accelerated fibrinolysis in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. 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