{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T08:39:44Z","timestamp":1790066384527,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The presence of squamous differentiation in transitional cell carcinomas has been variably related to prognosis and response to radiotherapy. This study sought to establish whether cytokeratin (CK) 14, normally expressed in the basal cells of squamous epithelium, could be used as a reliable marker of the emergence of a squamous phenotype in transitional cell carcinomas. In a series of 42 tumours, CK14 was expressed in areas of squamous morphology, whereas CK20 identified continuing urothelial differentiation. Furthermore, focal positivity for CK14 was present in a proportion of tumours with no morphological evidence of squamous differentiation, suggesting that it is a more sensitive marker of phenotypic switch. Investigation of CK subtypes may be more powerful than morphology alone in clinical studies of transitional cell carcinomas as CK expression profiles have been related to treatment response in other tumour types.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.50.12.1032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"1032-1033","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Cytokeratin 14 as a marker of squamous differentiation in transitional cell carcinomas."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"P","family":"Harnden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Southgate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1177\/172460089400900201","article-title":"Cytokeratins in the histological diagnosis of malignant tumors","volume":"9","author":"Moll, R.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Moll R. Cytokeratins in the histological diagnosis of malignant tumors. Int Jf Biol Markers 1994;9:63-9.","journal-title":"Int Jf Biol Markers"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.1996.23511.x","article-title":"Cytokeratin 20 as an objective marker of urothelial dysplasia","volume":"78","author":"Harnden, P.; Eardley, I.; Joyce, A.D.; Southgate, J.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Harnden P, Eardley I, Joyce AD, Southgate J. Cytokeratin 20 as an objective marker of urothelial dysplasia. BrJ Urol 1996;78:870-5.","journal-title":"BrJ Urol"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"427","article-title":"Cytokeratin 20 in human carcinomas. A new histodiagnostic marker detected by monoclonal antibodies","volume":"140","author":"Moll, R.; Lowe, A.; Laufer, J.; Franke, W.W.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Moll R, Lowe A, Laufer J, Franke WW. Cytokeratin 20 in human carcinomas. A new histodiagnostic marker detected by monoclonal antibodies. Am Pathol 1992;140:427-47.","journal-title":"Am Pathol"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"243","article-title":"Classification of human epithelia and their neoplasms using monoclonal antibodies to keratins: strategies, applications and limitations","volume":"52","year":"1985","unstructured":"Cooper D, Schermer A, Sun -TT. Classification of human epithelia and their neoplasms using monoclonal antibodies to keratins: strategies, applications and limitations. Lab Invest 1985;52:243-56.","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(83)90303-5","article-title":"Squamous carcinoma of urinary bladder","volume":"22","author":"Tannenbaum, S.I.; Carson, C.C.; Tatum, A.; Paulson, D.F.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Tannenbaum SI, Carson CC, Tatum A, Paulson DF. Squamous carcinoma of urinary bladder. Urology 1983;22: 597-9.","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"345","article-title":"Prediction of response to radiotherapy in invasive bladder cancer","volume":"65","author":"Jenkins, B.J.; Martin, J.E.; Baithun, S.I.; Zuk, R.J.; Oliver, R.T.; Blandy, J.P.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Jenkins BJ, Martin JE, Baithun SI, Zuk RJ, Oliver RT, Blandy JP. Prediction of response to radiotherapy in invasive bladder cancer. BrJ7 Urol 1990;65:345-8."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1159\/000474261","article-title":"Predicting the outcome of radical radiotherapy for invasive bladder cancer","volume":"24","author":"Vale, J.A.; A'Hern, R.P.; Liu, K.; Hendry, W.F.; Whitfield, H.N.; Plowman, P.N.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Vale JA, A'Hern RP, Liu K, Hendry WF, Whitfield HN, Plowman PN, et al. Predicting the outcome of radical radiotherapy for invasive bladder cancer. Eur Urol 1993;24: 48-51.","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"583","article-title":"Normal human urothelial cells in vitro: proliferation and induction of stratification","volume":"71","author":"Southgate, J.; Hutton, K.A.; Thomas, D.F.; Trejdosiewicz, L.K.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Southgate J, Hutton KA, Thomas DF, Trejdosiewicz LK. Normal human urothelial cells in vitro: proliferation and induction of stratification. Lab Invest 1994;71:583-94.","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.120.9.2369","article-title":"Programming gene expression in developing epidermis","volume":"120","author":"Byrne, C.; Tainsky, M.; Fuchs, E.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Byrne C, Tainsky M, Fuchs E. Programming gene expression in developing epidermis. Development 1994;120: 2369-83.","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00054015","article-title":"Multiple drug resistance and intermediate filaments","volume":"15","author":"Cress, A.E.; Dalton, W.S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cress AE, Dalton WS. Multiple drug resistance and intermediate filaments. Cancer Met Rev 1996;15:499-506.","journal-title":"Cancer Met Rev"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.50.12.1032","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T13:20:43Z","timestamp":1758806443000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.50.12.1032"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,12]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jcp.50.12.1032"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.50.12.1032","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9746","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-4146","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,12]]}}}