{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T04:53:03Z","timestamp":1789015983804,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>\u2014A transient expansion of the CD8+ T cell pool normally occurs in the early phase of HIV infection. Persistent expansion of this pool is observed in two related settings: diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) and HIV associated CD8+ lymphocytosis syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Aim<\/jats:italic>\u2014To investigate a group of HIV infected patients with CD8+ lymphocytosis syndrome with particular emphasis on whether monoclonality was present.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\u2014A group of 18 patients with HIV-1 infection and persistent circulating CD8+ lymphocytosis was compared with 21 HIV positive controls. Serum samples were tested for antinuclear antibodies, antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens, immunoglobulin levels, paraproteins, human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus serology. Lymphocyte phenotyping and HLA-DR typing was performed, and T cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangement studies used to identify monoclonal populations of T cells. CD4+ and CD8+ subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes were purified to determine whether CD8+ populations inhibited HIV replication in autologous CD4+ cells.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\u2014A subgroup of patients with HIV-1 infection was found to have expanded populations of CD8+ T cell large granular lymphocytes persisting for 6 to 30 months. The consensus immunophenotype was CD4\u2212 CD8+ DR<jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup> CD11a+ CD11c+ CD16\u2212 CD28\u00b1 CD56\u2212 CD57+, consistent with typical T cell large granular lymphocytes expressing cellular activation markers. Despite the finding of monoclonal TCR gene usage in five of 18 patients, there is evidence that the CD8+ expansions are reactive populations capable of mediating non-cytotoxic inhibition of HIV replication.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\u2014A subgroup of HIV positive patients has CD8+ lymphocytosis, but despite the frequent occurrence of monoclonal TCR gene usage there is evidence that this represents an immune response to viral infection rather than a malignant disorder. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.53.3.177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T06:37:59Z","timestamp":1027751879000},"page":"177-181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Benign monoclonal expansion of CD8+ lymphocytes in HIV infection"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Penelope 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