{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T06:55:10Z","timestamp":1773298510128,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The association between maternal ethnicity and newborn weight is understood. Less is known about the additional influence of paternal ethnicity and neighbourhood ethnic composition.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We studied 692\u2005301 singleton live births of parents of Canadian, Bangladeshi, Sri Lankan, Pakistani, Indian, Filipino, Vietnamese, Korean, Hong Kong or Chinese birthplace. We used multivariable regression to calculate mean (95% CI) birthweight differences between infants of two Canadian-origin parents and (1) foreign-born mother and Canadian-born father, (2) Canadian-born mother and foreign-born father or (3) two foreign-born parents from the same country. We also stratified by high versus low same-ethnic concentration of the parent\u2019s residence. We adjusted for gestational age at birth, maternal age, parity, marital status and income quintile.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Compared with male and female infants of two Canadian-born parents, those of same-country foreign-born parents weighed 6.2% (\u2212218\u2005g, 95% CI \u2212214\u2005g to \u2212223\u2005g) and 5.6% (\u2212192\u2005g, 95% CI \u2212187\u2005g to \u2212196\u2005g) less, respectively. The largest mean weight difference was among male (8.4% (\u2212297\u2005g, 95% CI \u2212276\u2005g to \u2212319\u2005g)) and female (8.2% (\u2212279\u2005g, 95% CI \u2212262\u2005g to \u2212296\u2005g)) infants of two Bangladeshi parents. Infants of a foreign-born mother and Canadian-born father had weights closest to those of two Canadian-born parents. Residing in an area of high (vs low) same-ethnic concentration was associated with lower birthweight among infants of mixed union couples, but not among those of parents originating from the same country.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Paternal and maternal ethnic origin influence newborn weight, which is modified by settlement in a high same-ethnic concentration area only among parents of mixed union.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2014-204257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,29]],"date-time":"2014-06-29T20:30:38Z","timestamp":1404073838000},"page":"942-949","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Influence of paternal and maternal ethnicity and ethnic enclaves on newborn weight"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Amy R","family":"Zipursky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison L","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcelo L","family":"Urquia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria I","family":"Creatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical 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