{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T02:48:00Z","timestamp":1791341280378,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Obtaining a comprehensive quantitative figure of the determinants of influenza infection will help identify priority targets for future influenza mitigation interventions. We developed an original causal model integrating highly diverse factors and their dependencies, to identify the most critical determinants of pandemic influenza infection (H1N1pdm09) during the 2010\u20132011 influenza season.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used data from 601 households (1450 participants) included in a dedicated cohort. Structural equations were used to model direct and indirect relationships between infection and risk perception, compliance with preventive behaviours, social contacts, indoor and outdoor environment, sociodemographic factors and pre-epidemic host susceptibility. Standardised estimates (\u03b2<jats:sub>std<\/jats:sub>) were used to assess the strength of associations (ranging from \u22121 for a completely negative association to 1 for a completely positive association).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Host susceptibility to H1N1pdm09 and compliance with preventive behaviours were the only two factors directly associated with the infection risk (\u03b2<jats:sub>std<\/jats:sub>=0.31 and \u03b2<jats:sub>std<\/jats:sub>=\u22120.21). Compliance with preventive behaviours was influenced by risk perception and preventive measures perception (\u03b2<jats:sub>std<\/jats:sub>=0.14 and \u03b2<jats:sub>std<\/jats:sub>=0.27). The number and duration of social contacts were not associated with H1N1pdm09 infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings suggest that influenza vaccination in addition to public health communication campaigns focusing on personal preventive measures should be prioritised as potentially efficient interventions to mitigate influenza epidemics.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2014-204678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]],"date-time":"2014-11-21T21:41:23Z","timestamp":1416606083000},"page":"272-277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Causal analysis of H1N1pdm09 influenza infection risk in a household cohort"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Yohann","family":"Mansiaux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Paris, France"},{"name":"UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9s, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Salez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, UMR_D 190 \"Emergence des Pathologies Virales\", Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathanael","family":"Lapidus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Paris, France"},{"name":"UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, 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Virology, Hospital Necker-.Enfants-malades, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris APHP\u2014University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Cauchemez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Lise","family":"Gougeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"V\u00e9ly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, INSERM, U1104, Marseille, France"},{"name":"CNRS, UMR7280, Marseille, France"},{"name":"Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9, UM2, Marseille, France"},{"name":"Service d'Immunologie, Assistance 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