{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T23:50:05Z","timestamp":1780530605895,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is recommended as a primary screening tool for cervical screening. Assessment of age-specific performance of newer HPV careHPV DNA testing is important as risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) varies at different ages. We aim to evaluate <jats:italic>care<\/jats:italic>HPV in comparison to Papanicolaou (Pap) test and visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA) cervical screening tests for the detection of high-grade CIN.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The cross sectional study was conducted in a rural population of North India. Ever-married women 30\u201359\u2005years of age were invited for screening by careHPV (self-collected vaginal and physician-collected cervical samples), Pap test and VIA. Associations for trend in age for detecting histological-confirmed CINII+ and CINIII+ for each screening test were evaluated. Age-specific association with each screening test was evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of a total of 7761 women invited, 5032 were screened and analysis was performed on 4658 with all screen test results. No significant (p&gt;0.05) association of age for any screening test in the detection of CINII+ or CINIII+ was observed. For the older age group, cervical HPV (CHPV) showed high sensitivity and specificity for CINII+ detection. Specificity of CHPV or vaginal HPV (VHPV) was equal or higher than Pap in all age groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cervical screening options of CHPV or VHPV, or Pap, performed equally in the younger age group while CHPV might be an option for all ages in the detection of high-grade CIN.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2015-205851","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,12]],"date-time":"2015-12-12T22:12:23Z","timestamp":1449958343000},"page":"72-77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Age-specific performance of careHPV versus Papanicolaou and visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid testing in a primary cervical cancer screening"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Satyanarayana","family":"Labani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Smita","family":"Asthana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/95.6.E2"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.647"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013711"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22757"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2015.16.5.1907"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0969141054855328"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808516"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2006.08.053"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2007.01.023"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000243623.67673.22","article-title":"Comparability of self-collected vaginal swabs and physician-collected cervical swabs for detection of human papillomavirus infections in Rakai, Uganda","volume":"34","author":"Safaeian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27790"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djr532"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70570-9"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-14-1417"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.1.87"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21955"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djp367"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70256-4"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70210-9"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0000000000000084"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2014.03.006"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02144-13"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2014.03.002"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2014.08.005"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2013.07.092"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2014.11.006","article-title":"Adjunct screening of cervical or vaginal samples using careHPV testing with Pap and aided visual inspection for detecting high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia","volume":"39","author":"Asthana","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.27","unstructured":"Sellors JW , Sankaranarayanan R, eds . Colposcopy and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a beginners\u2019 manual. Lyon: IARC, 2003."},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.28","unstructured":"Sankaranarayanan R , Ramani S , Wesley . A practical manual on visual screening for cervical neoplasia. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Lyon, France: IARC Technical Publication no. 41 IARC Press Lyon, 2003. http:\/\/screening.iarc.fr\/viaviliforeword.php?lang=1 (accessed 3 Jul 2014)."},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23489"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70360-2"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20396"},{"key":"2025100300471053000_70.1.72.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0218.120163"}],"container-title":["Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jech-2015-205851","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T07:47:18Z","timestamp":1759477638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jech.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jech-2015-205851"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,6]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jech-2015-205851"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech-2015-205851","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-005X","1470-2738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-005X","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-2738","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,6]]}}}