{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T04:26:57Z","timestamp":1791779217773,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","funder":[{"name":"the operation expenses for basic scientific research of the central authorities"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To comprehensively evaluate the association of paternal smoking and spontaneous abortion.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study among 5 770 691 non-smoking rural Chinese women, along with their husbands, participating in the National Free Pre-Pregnancy Checkups Project, regarding outcome events that occurred in 2010\u20132016. The main outcome was spontaneous abortion (SA). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate OR and 95% CI, and restricted cubic spline was used to estimate the non-linear relationship.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The multivariable-adjusted OR of exposure to paternal smoking for SA was 1.17 (95% CI 1.16 to 1.19), compared with women without exposure to paternal smoking; and corresponding OR of exposure to preconception paternal smoking for SA was 1.11 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.14), compared with women without exposure to preconception paternal smoking. The ORs of preconception paternal smoking also increased with increases in paternal smoking (p<jats:sub>nonlinear<\/jats:sub>&lt;0.05, almost linearly shaped) and preconception paternal smoking (p<jats:sub>nonlinear<\/jats:sub>&gt;0.05). In addition, periconception paternal smoking cessation was associated with an 18% (15%\u201322%) lower risk of SA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Paternal smoking was associated with SA. The importance of tobacco control, specifically pertaining to paternal smoking, should be emphasised during preconception and pregnancy counselling.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2017-210311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,11]],"date-time":"2018-06-11T12:15:31Z","timestamp":1528719331000},"page":"783-789","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Paternal smoking and spontaneous abortion: a population-based retrospective cohort study among non-smoking women aged 20\u201349 years in rural China"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Long","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 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