{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T12:46:53Z","timestamp":1777294013112,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R03 DA043373"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03 DA043373"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We assessed the community-level spatiotemporal connexions between hospitalisations for common opioid comorbidities (HIV, hepatitis C (HCV) and mental disorders) and opioid-related hospitalisations in the current and previous year.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used Bayesian hierarchical spatiotemporal Poisson regression with conditionally autoregressive spatial effects to assess counts of HCV-related, HIV-related and mental disorder\u2013related hospitalisations at the ZIP code level from 2004 to 2014 in Pennsylvania. Models included rates of current-year and previous-year opioid-related hospitalisations as well as covariates measuring demographic and environmental characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After adjusting for measures of demographic and environmental characteristics, current-year and previous-year opioid-related hospitalisations were associated with higher risk of HCV, HIV and mental disorders. The relative risks and 95% credible intervals for previous-year opioid-related hospitalisations were 1.092 (1.078 to 1.106) for HCV, 1.098 (1.068 to 1.126) for HIV and 1.020 (1.013 to 1.027) for mental disorders.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Previous-year opioid-related hospitalisations are connected to common comorbid conditions such as HCV, HIV and mental disorders, illustrating some of the broader health-related impacts of the opioid epidemic. Public health interventions focused on the opioid epidemic must consider individual community needs and comorbid diagnoses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2019-212551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]],"date-time":"2019-07-02T17:16:20Z","timestamp":1562087780000},"page":"935-940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Opioid-related diagnoses and HIV, HCV and mental disorders: using Pennsylvania hospitalisation data to assess community-level relationships over space and time"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9800-8753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie","family":"Sumetsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica G","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3841-3313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Mair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100303243075000_73.10.935.1","unstructured":"Kochanek KD , Murphy SL , JQ X , et al . 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