{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T18:04:09Z","timestamp":1780941849781,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625184000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Previous studies on the association between psychosocial work factors and blood pressure mainly focused on specific occupations or populations and had limited sample sizes. We, therefore, investigated the associations between psychosocial work factors and blood pressure in a large general working population in the Netherlands.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We included 63\u2009800 employees from the Netherlands, aged 18\u201365 years, with blood pressure measurements and a reliable job code at baseline. Psychosocial work factors (job strain, effort\u2013reward imbalance (ERI) and emotional demands) in the current job were estimated with three recently developed psychosocial job exposure matrices. To examine the associations, regression analyses adjusted for covariates (age, sex, body mass index, education, monthly income, pack-years, smoking, alcohol consumption and antihypertensive medication (not included for hypertension)) were performed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Higher job strain was associated with higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) (B (regression coefficients) (95%\u2009CI) 2.14 (1.23 to 3.06)) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (B (95%\u2009CI) 1.26 (0.65 to 1.86)) and with higher odds of hypertension (OR (95%\u2009CI) 1.43 (1.17 to 1.74)). Higher ERI was associated with higher DBP (B (95%\u2009CI) 4.37 (3.05 to 5.68)), but not with SBP or hypertension. Higher emotional demands were associated with lower SBP (B (95%\u2009CI) \u22120.90 (\u22121.14 to \u22120.66)) and lower odds of hypertension ((OR) (95%\u2009CI) 0.91 (0.87 to 0.96)).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In the general working population, employees in jobs with high job strain and ERI have higher blood pressure compared with employees with low job strain and ERI. Emotional demands at work are inversely associated with blood pressure.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2021-216678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T08:30:44Z","timestamp":1625214644000},"page":"60-66","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Psychosocial work factors and blood pressure among 63 800 employees from The Netherlands in the Lifelines Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3806-6606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Omar","family":"Faruque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands"},{"name":"Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Framke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeppe Karl","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ida Elisabeth Huitfeldt","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7752-131X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reiner","family":"Rugulies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith M","family":"Vonk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands"},{"name":"Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H Marike","family":"Boezen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands"},{"name":"Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9589-9220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ute","family":"B\u00fcltmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100304263377000_76.1.60.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14240","article-title":"High blood pressure and cardiovascular disease","volume":"75","author":"Fuchs","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2025100304263377000_76.1.60.2","first-page":"1923","article-title":"2017 risk factor Collaborators. global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study","volume":"392","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025100304263377000_76.1.60.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11911-8"},{"key":"2025100304263377000_76.1.60.4","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Public Health Priorities to Reduce and Control Hypertension . 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