{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T09:27:43Z","timestamp":1791106063041,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Study objective:<\/jats:bold> The purpose of this paper is to give an overview and comparison of different easily applicable statistical techniques to analyse recurrent event data.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Setting:<\/jats:bold> These techniques include naive techniques and longitudinal techniques such as Cox regression for recurrent events, generalised estimating equations (GEE), and random coefficient analysis. The different techniques are illustrated with a dataset from a randomised controlled trial regarding the treatment of lateral epicondylitis.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Main results:<\/jats:bold> The use of different statistical techniques leads to different results and different conclusions regarding the effectiveness of the different intervention strategies.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> If you are interested in a particular short term or long term result, simple naive techniques are appropriate. However, if the development of a particular outcome is of interest, statistical techniques that consider the recurrent events and additionally corrects for the dependency of the observations are necessary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.030759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,14]],"date-time":"2005-07-14T14:08:22Z","timestamp":1121350102000},"page":"706-710","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Applied analysis of recurrent events: a practical overview"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Jos W R","family":"Twisk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nynke","family":"Smidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wieke","family":"de Vente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/1047-2797(90)90018-N","volume":"1","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/24.1.26"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.3","first-page":"36","volume":"25","year":"1999","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(99)00137-7"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029400300304","volume":"3","year":"1994","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19970430)16:8<831::AID-SIM537>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07811-X"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.8","first-page":"13","volume":"19","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116738","volume":"137","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780111406","volume":"11","year":"1992","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/78.1.153"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.12","unstructured":"Goldstein H. Multilevel statistical models. London: Edward Arnold, 1995."},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2983328"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.14","unstructured":"SPSS. Statistical package for the social sciences, advanced statistics reference guide, release 7.5. Chicago, IL: SPPS, 1997."},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.15","unstructured":"Stata. Stata reference manual, release 7. College Station, TX: Stata Press, 2001."},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.16","unstructured":"Goldstein H, Rasbash J, Plewis I, et al. A user\u00e2\u0080\u0099s guide to MLwiN. London: Institute of Education, 1998."},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009511","volume":"147","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.18","unstructured":"Twisk JWR Applied longitudinal data analysis for epidemiology. A practical guide. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2003."},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-985X.00156"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.20","first-page":"325","volume":"50","year":"2001","journal-title":"Applied Stat"},{"key":"2025100304251945000_59.8.706.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19970430)16:8<833::AID-SIM538>3.0.CO;2-2"}],"container-title":["Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jech.2004.030759","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T11:25:33Z","timestamp":1759490733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jech.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jech.2004.030759"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,14]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jech.2004.030759"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech.2004.030759","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-005X","1470-2738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-005X","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-2738","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,14]]}}}