{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T23:22:43Z","timestamp":1782429763974,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n A syndromic approach has been advocated for identification and management of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in countries where diagnostic laboratory tests are not consistently available. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted to discover the prevalence of STD syndromes in tribal population of central India.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n All married men and women in the age group of 15\u201349 years from selected villages were enumerated by house-to-house visit. Individuals were interviewed using pre-coded, pre-tested questionnaires about STD syndromes of urethral discharge, vaginal discharge, dysurea, genital ulcer, inguinal swelling, scrotal swelling and lower abdominal pain.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Of the 2568 individuals interviewed, 326 (12.7%) had at least one STD syndrome. The prevalence was almost double in women (17.6%) than in men (8.4%). The highest prevalence (16.2%) was observed in the age group 30\u201334 years followed by 35\u201339 years (14.7%). The commonest syndrome in women was vaginal discharge (16.0%) while in men the commonest syndrome was dysurea (1.8%).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n The low level of STD syndromes among tribal populations offers an opportunity to prevent a potential epidemic in this disadvantaged community. As no baseline data are available, the findings form the basis for future work in this area.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2008.082909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,26]],"date-time":"2009-06-26T20:12:35Z","timestamp":1246047155000},"page":"805-806","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Prevalence of sexually transmitted disease syndromes in tribal population of central India: Table 1"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"V G","family":"Rao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Anvikar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Savargaonkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Bhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B K","family":"Tiwary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Abbad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100309245578000_63.10.805.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global prevalence and incidence of selected curable sexually transmitted infections: overviews and estimates. Geneva: WHO, 2001."},{"key":"2025100309245578000_63.10.805.2","first-page":"83","article-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases: control in developing countries.","volume":"72","author":"Adler","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"key":"2025100309245578000_63.10.805.3","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Syndromic case management of sexually transmitted diseases: a guide for decision-makers, health care workers, and communicators. Geneva: WHO, 1997."},{"key":"2025100309245578000_63.10.805.4","first-page":"135","article-title":"Community prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases and human immunodeficiency virus infection in Tamilnadu, India: a probability proportional to size cluster survey.","volume":"15","author":"Thomas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Natl Med J India"},{"key":"2025100309245578000_63.10.805.5","unstructured":"National AIDS Control Organisation, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India . Simplified STI & RTI treatment guidelines. New Delhi NACO: 1998."},{"key":"2025100309245578000_63.10.805.6","first-page":"180","article-title":"Reproductive tract infections: prevalence and risk factors in rural Bangladesh.","volume":"80","author":"Hawkes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"2025100309245578000_63.10.805.7","first-page":"547","article-title":"Update: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the United States","volume":"42","author":"Centres for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"1993","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2025100309245578000_63.10.805.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bang R Bang A , SEARCH Team. Community based approach to reproductive health care. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1989;Suppl 3:125\u20139.","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7292(89)90112-4"},{"key":"2025100309245578000_63.10.805.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/095646204774195191"},{"key":"2025100309245578000_63.10.805.10","unstructured":"Ranjan R Sharma RK . Gender differentials in the knowledge of RTI and STI in India: evidence from RCH-RHS II Survey 2006 www.cicred.org\/Eng\/Seminars\/Bangkok2002 (Accessed 24 Jul 2009)."}],"container-title":["Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jech.2008.082909","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T16:25:05Z","timestamp":1759508705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jech.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jech.2008.082909"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,25]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jech.2008.082909"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech.2008.082909","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-005X","1470-2738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-005X","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-2738","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,25]]}}}