{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T03:00:37Z","timestamp":1783566037631,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ethnic disparities in perinatal mortality are well known. This study aimed to explore the contribution of demographic, socioeconomic, health behavioural and pre-existent medical risk factors among different ethnic groups on fetal and early neonatal mortality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We assessed perinatal mortality from 24.0\u2005weeks' gestation onwards in 554\u2009234 singleton pregnancies of nulliparous women in the linked Netherlands Perinatal Registry over the period 2000\u20132006. Logistic regression modelling was used.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Considerable ethnic differences in perinatal mortality exist especially in fetal mortality. Maternal age, socioeconomic status and pre-existent diseases could not explain these ethnic differences. Late booking visit could explain some differences. Compared with the Dutch, African women had an increased fetal mortality risk of OR 1.7 (95% CI 1.4 to 2.1); South Asian women, 1.8 (1.4 to 2.3); other non-Western women, 1.3 (1.1 to 1.6) and Turkish\/Moroccan women, 1.3 (1.1 to 1.4). The risk on early neonatal mortality was only increased in other non-Western women, OR 1.3 (1.0 to 1.8). Ethnic differences were even present in the women without risk factors including preterm births. Mortality risk for East Asian and other Western women was lower or comparable with the Dutch.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Important ethnic differences in fetal mortality exist, especially among women of African and South Asian origin. Ethnic minorities should be more acquainted with the significance of early start of prenatal care. Tailored prenatal care for women with African and South Asian origin seems necessary. More research on underlying cause of deaths is needed by ethnic group.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2009.095406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,18]],"date-time":"2010-08-18T20:35:17Z","timestamp":1282163717000},"page":"696-701","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Ethnic differences in stillbirth and early neonatal mortality in The Netherlands"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"A C J","family":"Ravelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Tromp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Eskes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J C","family":"Droog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J A M","family":"van der Post","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K J","family":"Jager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B W","family":"Mol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J B","family":"Reitsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39132.482025.80"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0478"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2008.078741"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2007.09.003"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckl108"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.6.e676"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/j.1600-0412.1998.770808.x"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340802603805","article-title":"Stillbirths and infant deaths among migrants in industrialized countries","volume":"88","author":"Gissler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2008.080440"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.52.11.735","article-title":"Perinatal death in ethnic minorities in The Netherlands","volume":"52","author":"van Enk","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.84.3.222"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2006.00699.x"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01713.x"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.14","unstructured":"Stichting Perinatale Registratie Nederland. Perinatal Care in The Netherlands 2006. Utrecht: Stichting Perinatale Registratie Nederland, 2008."},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2006.11.021","article-title":"Probabilistic record linkage is a valid and transparent tool to combine databases without a patient identification number","volume":"60","author":"Meray","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.3414\/ME0489","article-title":"An efficient validation method of probabilistic record linkage including readmissions and twins","volume":"47","author":"Tromp","year":"2008","journal-title":"Methods Inf Med"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.17","first-page":"2728","volume":"152","author":"Ravelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/31.3.654"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.50.2.228-a"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2007.08.022"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2004.11.13"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(96)00332-2"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.2000.00266.x"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.019794"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340701207724"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01438.x"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2002.01077.x","article-title":"Are some perinatal deaths in immigrant groups linked to suboptimal perinatal care services?","volume":"109","author":"Essen","year":"2002","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000201978.83607.96","article-title":"Early access to prenatal care: implications for racial disparity in perinatal mortality","volume":"107","author":"Healy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2025100301443998000_65.8.696.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckm040"}],"container-title":["Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jech.2009.095406","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T08:44:49Z","timestamp":1759481089000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jech.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jech.2009.095406"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,18]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jech.2009.095406"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech.2009.095406","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-005X","1470-2738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-005X","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-2738","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,18]]}}}