{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T18:08:56Z","timestamp":1781114936666,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1978,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In Lagos 12 755 schoolchildren aged between six and 12 years were screened for evidence of rheumatic heart disease and showed a prevalence rate of 0.03%. Group C (27.7%) and group G (47.3%) predominated in the throat and in cases of pharyngitis, while group A predominated on the skin. Two hundred and sixty-six cases of pharyngitis were recorded, 70 (26.4%) were positive for beta-haemolytic streptococci. Half of the cases of streptococci while 28.2% and 21.1% were caused by groups C and G respectively. A diversity of serotypes of group A streptococci, which included types 49 and 55, and C and G streptococci were isolated from impetiginous skin lesions. The main point of interest is the association of group C and G streptococci with sore throat and skin infections. The pathogenicity of C and G in such circumstances merits further investigation. The present study also showed that prophylactic benzathine penicillin (Penadur) given to patients with rheumatic heart disease or rheumatic fever had been effective with no recurrent attack of acute rheumatic fever.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.32.1.68","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,12]],"date-time":"2008-11-12T15:09:01Z","timestamp":1226502541000},"page":"68-71","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["An epidemiological study of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in Lagos."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"O","family":"Ogunbi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H O","family":"Fadahunsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Animashaun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S O","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D U","family":"Onuoha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L Q","family":"Ogunbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1978,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Rheumatic heart disease in children in developing countries","volume":"10","author":"Antia, U.; Effiong, C.E.; Reddy, S.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Antia, U., Effiong, C. E., and Reddy, S. (1971). Rheumatic heart disease in children in developing countries. Ghana Medical Journal, 10, 9-13.","journal-title":"Ghana Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"972","article-title":"Infectious Diseases: Epidemiology and Clinical","volume":"8","author":"Christie, A.B.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Christie, A. B. (1969). Infectious Diseases: Epidemiology and Clinical Practice, volume 8, p. 972. Williams and Wilkins: Baltimore.","journal-title":"Practice"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"710","article-title":"Juvenile rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease at Mulago hospital, Kampala, Uganda: Some aspects of the pattern of the disease","volume":"61","author":"D'Arbela, P.G.; Patel, A.K.; Somers, K.","year":"1974","unstructured":"D'Arbela, P. G., Patel, A. K., and Somers, K. (1974). Juvenile rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease at Mulago hospital, Kampala, Uganda: Some aspects of the pattern of the disease. 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The role of normal skin in the spread of streptococcal pyoderma. Journal of Hygiene, 68, 19-28.","journal-title":"Journal of Hygiene"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"415","article-title":"Indirect bacterial test as means of identifying antibody to M-antigen of streptococcus pyogenes","volume":"37","author":"Maxted, W.R.","year":"1956","unstructured":"Maxted, W. R. (1956). Indirect bacterial test as means of identifying antibody to M-antigen of streptococcus pyogenes. British Journal of Experimnental Pathology, 37, 415-422.","journal-title":"British Journal of Experimnental Pathology"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"159","article-title":"A study of 0-haemolytic streptococci in throats, noses, and skin lesions in a Nigerian (Lagos) urban population","volume":"1","author":"Ogunbi, 0","year":"1971","unstructured":"Ogunbi, 0. (1971). A study of 0-haemolytic streptococci in throats, noses, and skin lesions in a Nigerian (Lagos) urban population. Journal of the Nigerian Medical Association, 1, 159-164.","journal-title":"Journal of the Nigerian Medical Association"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"176","article-title":"Surveillance of haemolytic streptococcal group and type (streptococcus pyrogens) distribution over the territory of Czechoslovakia: A five year study","volume":"12","author":"Rotta, J.; Hejnoa, M.; Bicova, R.; Curik, B.; Mickova, S.; Salacova, J.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Rotta, J., Hejnoa, M., Bicova, R., Curik, B., Mickova, S., and Salacova, J. (1966). Surveillance of haemolytic streptococcal group and type (streptococcus pyrogens) distribution over the territory of Czechoslovakia: A five year study. 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Sharrett, A. R., Poon-King, T., Potter, E. V., Finklea, J. F., and Earle, D. P. (1971). Subclinical nephritis in south Trinidad. American Journal of Epidemiology, 94, 231-245.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"1022","article-title":"Epidemic nephritis in Trinidad (abstract)","volume":"66","author":"Simon, N.S.; Potter, E.V.; Siegel, A.C.; McAninch, J.; Poon-King, T.; Humair, L.; Earle, D.P.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Simon, N. S., Potter, E. V., Siegel, A. C., McAninch, J., Poon-King, T., Humair, L., and Earle, D. P. (1965). Epidemic nephritis in Trinidad (abstract). Journal of Laboratory andl Clinical Medicine, 66, 1022.","journal-title":"Journal of Laboratory andl Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"49","article-title":"The control of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: An outline of WHO activities","volume":"27","author":"Strasser, T.; Rotta, J.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Strasser, T., and Rotta, J. (1973). 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