{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T22:25:48Z","timestamp":1789165548069,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>STUDY OBJECTIVE--The aim was to study the extent and type of health service utilisation, medication habits, and sickness absence due to the primary headaches. DESIGN--This was a cross sectional epidemiological survey of headache disorders in a general population. Headache was diagnosed according to a structured interview and a neurological examination using the criteria of the International Headache Society. SETTING--A random sample of 25-64 year-old individuals was drawn from the Danish National Central Person Registry. All subjects were living in the Copenhagen County. PARTICIPANTS--740 subjects participated (76% of the sample); 119 had migraine and 578 had tension type headache. MAIN RESULTS--Among subjects with migraine 56% had, at some time, consulted their general practitioner because of the migraine. The corresponding percentage among subjects with tension type headache was 16. One or more specialists had been consulted by 16% of migraine sufferers and by 4% of subjects with tension type headache. The consultation rates of chiropractors and physiotherapists were 5-8%. Hospital admissions and supplementary laboratory investigations due to headache were rare (&lt; 3%). Half of the migraine sufferers and 83% of subjects with tension type headache in the previous year had managed with at least one type of drug in the current year. Acetylsalicylic acid preparations and paracetamol were the most commonly used analgesics. Prophylaxis of migraine was used by 7%. In the preceding year 43% of employed migraine sufferers and 12% of employed subjects with tension type headache had missed one or more days of work because of headache. Most common was 1-7 days off work. The total loss of workdays per year due to migraine in the general population was estimated at 270 days per 1000 persons. For tension type headache the corresponding figure was 820. Women were more likely to consult a practitioner than men, whereas no significant sex difference emerged as regards absenteeism from work. CONCLUSIONS--The impact of the headache disorders on work performance in the general population is substantial, and the disorders merit increased attention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.46.4.443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,12]],"date-time":"2008-11-12T15:10:54Z","timestamp":1226502654000},"page":"443-446","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":277,"title":["Impact of headache on sickness absence and utilisation of medical services: a Danish population study."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"B K","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Olesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1147","article-title":"Epidemiology of headache in a general population-a prevalence study. J7 Clin","volume":"44","author":"Rasmussen, B.K.; Jensen, R.; Schroll, M.; Olesen, J.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rasmussen BK, Jensen R, Schroll M, Olesen J. Epidemiology of headache in a general population-a prevalence study. J7 Clin Epidemiol 1991; 44: 1147-57.","journal-title":"Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref_2","article-title":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society. Classification and diagnostic criteria for headache disorders, cranial neuralgias and facial pain","volume":"8","year":"1988","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society. Classification and diagnostic criteria for headache disorders, cranial neuralgias and facial pain. Cephalalgia 1988; 8 (suppl 7).","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1978.hed1801009.x","article-title":"Prevalence of migraine and cluster headache in Swedish men of 18","volume":"18","author":"Ekbom, K.; Ahlborg, B.; Schele, R.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Ekbom K, Ahlborg B, Schele R. Prevalence of migraine and cluster headache in Swedish men of 18. Headache 1978; 18: 9-19.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.34.2.148","article-title":"Epidemiology of headache and migraine in women","volume":"34","author":"Waters, W.E.; O'Connor, P.J.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Waters WE, O'Connor PJ. Epidemiology of headache and migraine in women. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1971; 34: 148-53.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"1","article-title":"A survey of headache in an English City. Res Clin Stud Headache","volume":"5","author":"Newland, C.A.; Illis, L.S.; Robinson, P.K.; Batchelor, B.G.; Waters, W.E.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Newland CA, Illis LS, Robinson PK, Batchelor BG, Waters WE. A survey of headache in an English City. Res Clin Stud Headache 1978; 5: 1-20."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"3071","article-title":"Headache among 40 year-olds in Glostrup","volume":"142","author":"Hollnagel, H.; Norrelund, N.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Hollnagel H, Norrelund N. Headache among 40 year-olds in Glostrup. Ugeskr Laeger 1980; 142: 3071-7.","journal-title":"Ugeskr Laeger"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03420150061038","article-title":"An epidemiologic study of headache among adolescents and young adults","volume":"261","author":"Linet, M.S.; Stewart, W.F.; Celentano, D.D.; Ziegler, D.; Sprecher, M.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Linet MS, Stewart WF, Celentano DD, Ziegler D, Sprecher M. An epidemiologic study of headache among adolescents and young adults. JAMA 1989; 261: 2211-6.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_8","volume-title":"Series in clinical epidemiology","author":"Headache, Water W.E.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Water WE. Headache. In: Bourke GJ, ed. Series in clinical epidemiology. London: Croom Helm, 1986."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1980.hed2005274.x","article-title":"Headache medication habits in Northern Finland","volume":"20","author":"Nikiforow, R.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Nikiforow R., Headache medication habits in Northern Finland. Headache 1980; 20: 274-8.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1986.hed2609457.x","article-title":"The economic burden of headache: an epidemiological study in the Republic of San Marino","volume":"26","author":"Benassi, G.; D'Alessandro, R.; Lenzi, P.L.; Manzaroli, D.; Baldrati, A.; Lugaresi, E.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Benassi G, D'Alessandro R, Lenzi PL, Manzaroli D, Baldrati A, Lugaresi E. The economic burden of headache: an epidemiological study in the Republic of San Marino. Headache 1986; 26: 457-9.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2307\/3002000","article-title":"Limitations of the application of fourfold table analysis to hospital data","volume":"2","author":"Berkson, J.","year":"1946","unstructured":"Berkson J. Limitations of the application of fourfold table analysis to hospital data. Biometrics Bull 1946; 2: 47-53.","journal-title":"Biometrics Bull"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-8707(52)90074-9","article-title":"Headache studies, statistical data","volume":"23","author":"Ogden, H.","year":"1952","unstructured":"Ogden H. Headache studies, statistical data. J Allergy 1952; 23: 58-75.","journal-title":"J Allergy"},{"key":"ref_13","article-title":"Den primcere sundhedstjeneste","year":"1982","unstructured":"Krasnik A, Launso L, 0lgod J. Den primcere sundhedstjeneste. Kobenhavn: Sundhedsstyrelsen 1982 (in Danish)."},{"key":"ref_14","article-title":"Sundhed & Sygelighed i Danmark","author":"Rasmussen, N.K.; Groth, M.V.; Bredkjaer, SR, Madsen; M, Kamper-Jorgensen; F.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Rasmussen NK, Groth MV, Bredkjaer SR, Madsen M, Kamper-Jorgensen F. Sundhed & Sygelighed i Danmark. Kobenhavn: Dansk Institut for Klinisk Epidemiologi, 1987 (in Danish)."},{"key":"ref_15","article-title":"The distribution of the living conditions. Main results from the Welfare Survey. Part II. The elements of the living conditions","author":"Geckler, S.; Rasmussen, M.K.; Enevoldsen, B.; Hansen, H.; Bredahl, D.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Geckler S, Rasmussen MK, Enevoldsen B, Hansen H, Bredahl D. The distribution of the living conditions. Main results from the Welfare Survey. Part II. The elements of the living conditions. Copenhagen: The Danish National Institute of Social Research, 1978. (in Danish)."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1979.hed1904214.x","article-title":"Effects of headache on working ability: a survey of an urban and a rural population in Northern Finland","volume":"19","author":"Nikiforow, R.; Hokkanen, E.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Nikiforow R, Hokkanen E. Effects of headache on working ability: a survey of an urban and a rural population in Northern Finland. Headache 1979; 19: 214-8.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"ref_17","article-title":"The epidemiology of migraine","author":"Waters, W.E.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Waters WE. The epidemiology of migraine. Bracknell: Boehringer Ingelheim, 1974."}],"container-title":["Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jech.46.4.443","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T16:01:01Z","timestamp":1759507261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jech.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jech.46.4.443"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,8]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,8,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jech.46.4.443"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech.46.4.443","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-005X","1470-2738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-005X","type":"print"},{"value":"1470-2738","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,8]]}}}