{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T05:10:02Z","timestamp":1759727402576,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>STUDY OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To identify variables available in early Swedish delivery records and their relation to birth outcomes for home and hospital deliveries in Gothenburg at the early part of this century.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>DESIGN<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective recovery of original delivery records and social variables in a cross sectional population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>SETTING<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Gothenburg, Sweden.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>PARTICIPANTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>851 fullterm singleton female births with known gestational age born into five birth cohorts on selected dates (1908, 1914, 1918, 1922 and 1930).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>MAIN RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Delivery site, maternal parity, gestational age, and social group were significant factors influencing birth outcome as birth weight and length. The mean birth weight and length of hospital born infants was consistently lower than for home deliveries across all cohorts. Site of delivery changed significantly during the period of births under study, 1908\u20131930.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this study, which was based on original delivery records from the early part of this century, it was found that delivery site was an important factor influencing birth outcome across five birth cohorts. Utilisation of delivery services changed during the period of study. Thus, to avoid selection bias, the application of delivery records should reflect the birthing practice of the time period in question.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.54.4.269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T06:33:18Z","timestamp":1027751598000},"page":"269-278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Sociodemographic characteristics influencing birth outcome in Sweden, 1908\u20131930. Birth variables in The Population Study of Women in Gothenburg"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Susan W","family":"Andersson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aimon","family":"Niklasson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leif","family":"Lapidus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leif","family":"Hallberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Calle","family":"Bengtsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Hulth\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.1","unstructured":"Barker DJP , ed (1992) Fetal and infant origins of adult disease. (BMJ, London), 1st ed.."},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.2","unstructured":"Barker DJP (1994) Mothers, babies, and disease in later life. (BMJ, London)."},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/20.4.833"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/20.4.833","article-title":"Early life experience and cardiovascular disease: longitudinal and case-control studies.","volume":"20","author":"Elford","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7105.396","article-title":"Birth weight and risk of cardiovascular disease in a cohort of women followed up since 1976.","volume":"315","author":"Rich-Edwards","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7153.241","article-title":"Reduced fetal growth rate and increased risk of death from ischaemic heart disease: cohort study of 15000 Swedish men and women born 1915\u00e2\u0080\u009329.","volume":"317","author":"Leon","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.1992.tb00741.x","article-title":"The relation of fetal length, ponderal index and head circumference to blood pressure and the risk of hypertension in adult life.","volume":"6","author":"Barker","year":"1992","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199608000-00002","article-title":"Is blood pressure inversely related to birth weight? The strength of the evidence from a systematic review of the literature.","volume":"14","author":"Law","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199917010-00004","article-title":"Is the effect of low birth weight on cardiovascular mortality mediated through high blood pressure?","volume":"17","author":"Koupilov\u00c3\u00a1","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00399095"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00399095","article-title":"Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia (syndrome X): relation to reduced fetal growth.","volume":"36","author":"Barker","year":"1993","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.312.7028.406","article-title":"Relation of size at birth to non-insulin dependent diabetes and insulin concentrations in men aged 50\u00e2\u0080\u009360 years.","volume":"312","author":"Lithell","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)93019-J"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)03102-9"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)03102-9","article-title":"Birthweight as a risk factor for breast cancer.","volume":"348","author":"Michels","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199601000-00007","article-title":"Perinatal factors and risk of breast cancer.","volume":"7","author":"Sanderson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199507000-00017","article-title":"High birthweight as a predictor of prostrate cancer risk.","volume":"6","author":"Tibblin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6977.411","article-title":"Early origins of coronary heart disease (the \u00e2\u0080\u009cBarker hypothesis\u00e2\u0080\u009d).","volume":"310","author":"Paneth","year":"1995","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.epirev.a017923","article-title":"Review of the evidence on fetal and early childhood antecedents of adult chronic disease.","volume":"18","author":"Joseph","year":"1996","journal-title":"Epidemiol Rev"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1973.tb10583.x","article-title":"The study of women in Gothenburg 1968\u00e2\u0080\u00931969 - a population study. General design, purpose and sampling results.","volume":"193","author":"Bengtsson","year":"1973","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/140349487800600201","article-title":"The Population study of women in G\u00c3\u00b6teborg 1974\u00e2\u0080\u009375- the second phase of a longitudinal study. General design, purpose and sampling results.","volume":"6","author":"Bengtsson","year":"1978","journal-title":"Scand J Soc Med"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1177\/140349488901700203","article-title":"The Population study of women in Gothenburg 1980\u00e2\u0080\u009381 the third phase of a longitudinal study. Comparison between participants and non-participants.","volume":"17","author":"Bengtsson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Scand J Soc Med"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.3109\/02813439709035031","article-title":"The Prospective population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden, 1968\u00e2\u0080\u009369 to 1992\u00e2\u0080\u009393. A 24-year follow-up study with special reference to participation, representativeness and mortality.","volume":"15","author":"Bengtsson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand J Prim Health Care"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.24","unstructured":"Carlsson G (1958) Social mobility and class structure. (GWK Gleerup, Lund, Sweden)."},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.25","unstructured":"\u00c3\u0096berg L (1996) Barnmorskan och l\u00c3\u00a4karen-kompetens och konflikt i svensk f\u00c3\u00b6rlossningsv\u00c3\u00a5rd 1870\u00e2\u0080\u00931920 (The midwife and the doctor- competence and conflict in Swedish maternity care 1870\u00e2\u0080\u00931920). (Ordfronts f\u00c3\u00b6rlag, Stockholm)."},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Altman DG (1991) Practical statistics for medical research. (Chapman and Hall, London), 1st ed..","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429258589"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.27","unstructured":"MacGillivray I Campbell DM Thompson B , eds (1988) Twinning and twins. (John Wiley, London)."},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.28","unstructured":"H\u00c3\u00b6jeberg P (1991) Jordemor. Barnmorskor och barnaf\u00c3\u00b6derskor i Sverige ( Midwives and childbirth in Sweden). (Carlsson Bokf\u00c3\u00b6rlag, Stockholm)."},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/25.1.122"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)03482-4"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)03482-4","article-title":"Birthweight, body-mass index in middle age, and incident coronary heart disease.","volume":"348","author":"Frankel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(98)00090-9"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(98)00090-9","article-title":"The impact of birth weight and gestational age on blood pressure in adult life. A population-based study of 49-year-old men.","volume":"11","author":"Siewert-Delle","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6875.422","article-title":"The relation of small head circumference and thinness at birth to death from cardiovascular disease in adult life.","volume":"306","author":"Barker","year":"1993","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1989.tb11282.x","article-title":"Socio-economic variables and pregnancy outcome. Birthweight in singletons.","volume":"Suppl 360","author":"Ericson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Scand"},{"key":"2025100521404832000_54.4.269.36","first-page":"158","article-title":"Birth order and birth weight reexamined.","volume":"72","author":"Seidman","year":"1988","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jech.54.4.269","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T04:40:57Z","timestamp":1759725657000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jech.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jech.54.4.269"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jech.54.4.269"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech.54.4.269","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-005X","1470-2738"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0143-005X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1470-2738"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,1]]}}}