{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T12:51:14Z","timestamp":1773406274265,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>STUDY OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To analyse over a 20 year period the level and trends in the \u201cEC avoidable death indicators\u201d.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>DESIGN<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL) method applied to curative and preventive avoidable mortality indicators in Belgium for four successive five year periods, countrywide as well as by district, separately for women and men. Ratios of YPLL rates (age standardised) describe changes between 1974\u201378 and 1990\u201394.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>SETTING<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Belgium for the periods 1974\u201378, 1980\u201384, 1985\u201389, 1990\u201394.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>PARTICIPANTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>All avoidable death cases aged 1\u201364.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>MAIN RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ratio of YPLL rates indicated a more favourable development between 1974\u201378 and 1990\u201394 in the EC avoidable indicators than in all causes premature mortality. The EC avoidable mortality indicators have been assigned to two categories, curative indicators and preventive indicators. The best ratio of YPLL rates was found in curative indicators for men but the largest gains in YPLL rates over the periods come from the \u201cpreventive indicators\u201d in men. For women, malignant neoplasm of the breast rose to the first ranked in 1985\u20131989 and 1990\u20131994, where it contributed to more years of YPLL loss than motor vehicle accidents, and malignant neoplasm of the trachea, bronchus and lung had risen to the fifth ranked since 1985\u201389. The order of the top causes for men did not change between 1974 and 1994, except for cirrhosis of liver, which rose from the fifth to the fourth rank. In the particular case of one \u201cpreventive indicator\u201d, malignant neoplasm of the trachea, bronchus and lung, the regional analysis of time trend between 1974\u201378 and 1990\u201394 showed more districts with a favourable development for both men and women in the Flemish region than in Wallonia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The YPLL method combined with the avoidable mortality indicators enabled us to compare the changes of curative and preventive EC avoidable indicators between 1974\u201378 and 1990\u201394. In the case of malignant neoplasm of the trachea, bronchus and lung, which is of major concern to the health promotion policies, changes over the periods have widened a \u201cnorth\/south\u201d health contrast.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.54.9.687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T06:33:18Z","timestamp":1027751598000},"page":"687-691","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Trends in Belgian premature avoidable deaths over a 20 year period"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"P C","family":"Humblet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Lagasse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Lev\u00eaque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100703023943000_54.9.687.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197603112941104"},{"key":"2025100703023943000_54.9.687.2","unstructured":"Holland WW (1988) European community atlas of \u201cavoidable death\u201d. 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