{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T19:10:16Z","timestamp":1759518616380,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Epidemiol Community Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold> To establish the prevalence and distribution of witnesses, victims, and perpetrators of different types of violence in the general population and the proportion of victims consulting health services or reporting the incident to authorities.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Cross sectional survey of a random sample of 3007 inhabitants between the ages of 15 and 60 in the city of Bogot\u00e1, Colombia, in 1997, based on a face to face interview.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Age adjusted past year prevalence of witnesses, victims, and perpetrators of physical aggression was 61%, 27%, and 27%, respectively, while lifetime prevalence of witnesses, victims, and perpetrators of assault with a weapon in this population reached 70%, 55%, and 5.8%. Between 11% and 67% of the victims consulted a health service and less than 32% reported the incident to an authority. Those involved in most types of physical violence tended to be young, male, from lower middle social classes, with some degree of secondary education, and single or divorced.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> Prevalence of witnesses and victims of violence in this sample appears to be high, while perpetrators constitute a small proportion. Violence is not equally distributed throughout the population suggesting the possibility of identifying a population at higher risk for the development of intervention programmes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.57.5.355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,16]],"date-time":"2003-04-16T14:43:58Z","timestamp":1050504238000},"page":"355-360","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Cross sectional survey of perpetrators, victims, and witnesses of violence in Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"L F","family":"Duque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Klevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Ramirez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.1","unstructured":"Murray CJ, Lopez AD, eds. The global burden of disease. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996:374."},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.2","unstructured":"World Health Assembly. Prevention of violence: public health priority. Geneva: WHO, 1996."},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.3","unstructured":"Pan American Health Organization. Health conditions in the Americas. Washington, DC: PAHO, 1998. (Scientific publication no 569, vol 1)."},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.4","unstructured":"Ministerio de Salud, Colombia. La carga de la enfermedad en Colombia [The burden of disease in Colombia]. Bogot\u00e1: Ministerio de Salud, 1994."},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.5","unstructured":"Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses, Colombia. Forensis, 1999. Panamericana, Bogot\u00e1: Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses, 2000."},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.6","unstructured":"Strauss MA. Measuring intrafamily conflict and violence: the Conflict Tactic Scales. In: Strauss MA, Gelles RJ, eds. Physical violence in American families: risk factors and adaptations to violence in 8145 families. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publications, 1990."},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buss AH. The psychology of aggression. New York: Wiley, 1961:171\u20133.","DOI":"10.1037\/11160-000"},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.8","first-page":"222","volume":"5","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev Panam Salud Publica"},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.9","unstructured":"World Health Organization. World Health Statistics Annual. Geneva: WHO, 1996:XXVI."},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626098013001004"},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01064258","volume":"2","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Quantitative Criminology"},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.12","unstructured":"Pernanon, K. Alcohol in human violence. New York: Guilford Press, 1991."},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.13","unstructured":"Zvekic U, del Fate AA, eds. Criminal victimisation in the developing world. Rome: United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute Publication no 55, 1995."},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.14","unstructured":"Office of Justice Programs. Criminal victimization in the United States. Washington, DC: OJP, 1994."},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.15","first-page":"259","volume":"5","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev Panam Salud Publica"},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.16","first-page":"232","volume":"5","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev Panam Salud Publica"},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1995.9033616.x"},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.18","first-page":"761","volume":"7","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hospital and Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0011128792038004002"},{"key":"2025100311430570000_57.5.355.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tolan, PH, Gorman-Smith, D. Development of serious and violent offending careers. In: Loeber R , Farrington DP, eds. Serious and violent juvenile offenders. Risk factors and successful interventions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1998:72.","DOI":"10.4135\/9781452243740.n5"}],"container-title":["Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jech.57.5.355","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T18:43:19Z","timestamp":1759516999000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jech.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jech.57.5.355"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jech.57.5.355"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech.57.5.355","relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-005X","1470-2738"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0143-005X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1470-2738"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]}}}