{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T07:07:49Z","timestamp":1790233669961,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fear of pain during intrauterine device (IUD) insertion can be a barrier to widespread use of this safe and highly effective contraceptive method. Our objective was to determine the effectiveness of topical 10% lidocaine spray for pain control during IUD insertion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 200 subjects with the request for IUD insertion were included in the study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: lidocaine spray (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =100) and placebo (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =100). The pain experienced during the procedure was measured immediately after insertion by a standard Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) administered by a separate researcher with maintenance of allocation concealment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean pain score during the procedure was 1.01\u00b11.20 in the lidocaine spray group and 3.23\u00b11.60 in the placebo spray group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001). Lidocaine spray treatment significantly lowered the overall procedural pain score compared with placebo.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant pain reduction during IUD insertion can be achieved by using 10% lidocaine spray alone. Lidocaine spray can be accepted as a non-invasive, easy to apply and more comfortable local anaesthetic method for IUD insertion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NCT02020551.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jfprhc-2014-100917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]],"date-time":"2015-03-10T23:02:28Z","timestamp":1426028548000},"page":"83-87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Lidocaine 10% spray to the cervix reduces pain during intrauterine device insertion: a double-blind randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"H\u00fcseyin","family":"Aksoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Doctor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kayseri Military Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00dclk\u00fc","family":"Aksoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Doctor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sezin","family":"Ozyurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Doctor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6khan","family":"A\u00e7maz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Doctor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Babayigit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Doctor, Department of Public Health, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090221241108000_42.2.83.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2007.09.012","article-title":"Intrauterine contraception as an alternative to interval tubal sterilization","volume":"77","author":"Grimes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"2025090221241108000_42.2.83.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31821188ad"},{"key":"2025090221241108000_42.2.83.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2006.12.024"},{"key":"2025090221241108000_42.2.83.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allen RH , Bartz D , Grimes DA , et al . 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