{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T17:44:12Z","timestamp":1793727852449,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654819200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005149","name":"Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021-I2M-1-014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-I2M-1-014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005149","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7212083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7212083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81972317"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81972317"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81972318"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81972318"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82072837"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072837"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Immunother Cancer"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were originally thought to be formed by neutrophils to trap invading microorganisms as a defense mechanism. Increasing studies have shown that NETs play a pivotal role in tumor progression and diffusion. In this case, transcriptome analysis provides an opportunity to unearth the association between NETs and clinical outcomes of patients with pan-cancer.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The transcriptome sequencing data of The Cancer Genome Atlas pan-cancer primary focus was obtained from UCSC Xena, and a 19-gene NETs score was then constructed using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression model based on the expression levels of 69 NETs initial biomarkers we collected from multistudies. In addition, multiple datasets covering multiple cancer types from other databases were collected and used to validate the signature. Gene ontology enrichment analyses were used to annotate the functions of NETs-related pathways. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was implemented to evaluate the role of NETs-related genes in clinical patients across types of tumors, including lung adenocarcinoma (n=58), colorectal carcinoma (n=93), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (n=90), and triple-negative breast cancer (n=80).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The NETs score was calculated based on 19-NETs related genes according to the LASSO Cox model. The NETs score was considered a hazardous factor in most cancer types, with a higher score indicating a more adverse outcome. In addition, we found that NETs were significantly correlated to various malignant biological processes, such as the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (R=0.7444, p&lt;0.0001), angiogenesis (R=0.5369, p&lt;0.0001), and tumor cell proliferation (R=0.3835, p&lt;0.0001). Furthermore, in IHC cohorts of a variety of tumors, myeloperoxidase, a gene involved in the model and a classical delegate of NETs formation, was associated with poor clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Collectively, these constitutive and complementary biomarkers represented the ability of NETs formation to predict the development of patients\u2019 progression. Integrative transcriptome analyses plus clinical sample validation may facilitate the biomarker discovery and clinical transformation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-004210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T12:37:39Z","timestamp":1654864659000},"page":"e004210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":207,"title":["A signature for pan-cancer prognosis based on neutrophil extracellular traps"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center| National Clinical Research Center for Cancer| Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liping","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qichen","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Surgery, National Cancer Center| National Clinical Research Center for Cancer| Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingqing","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, National Cancer Center| National Clinical Research Center for Cancer| Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center| National Clinical Research Center for Cancer| Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuebing","family":"Di","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center| National Clinical Research Center for Cancer| Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaitai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of 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