{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T01:11:04Z","timestamp":1793063464057,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646265600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NCI","award":["K99CA240689"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K99CA240689"]}]},{"name":"NCI","award":["R50 CA243707-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R50 CA243707-01A1"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health\/National Cancer Institute","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Immunother Cancer"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Vaccination against COVID-19 is critical for immuno-compromised individuals, including patients with cancer. Systemic reactogenicity, a manifestation of the innate immune response to vaccines, occurs in up to 69% of patients following vaccination with RNA-based COVID-19 vaccines. Tumor regression can occur following an intense immune-inflammatory response and novel strategies to treat cancer rely on manipulating the host immune system. Here, we report spontaneous regression of metastatic salivary gland myoepithelial carcinoma in a patient who experienced grade 3 systemic reactogenicity, following vaccination with the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine. Histological and immunophenotypic inspection of the postvaccination lung biopsy specimens showed a massive inflammatory infiltrate with scant embedded tumor clusters (&lt;5%). Highly multiplexed imaging mass cytometry showed that the postvaccination lung metastasis samples had remarkable immune cell infiltration, including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, natural killer cells, B cells, and dendritic cells, which contrasted with very low levels of these cells in the prevaccination primary tumor and lung metastasis samples. CT scans obtained 3, 6, and 9\u2009months after the second vaccine dose demonstrated persistent tumor shrinkage (50%, 67%, and 73% reduction, respectively), suggesting that vaccination stimulated anticancer immunity. <jats:bold>Insight:<\/jats:bold> This case suggests that the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine stimulated anticancer immunity and tumor regression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-004371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T11:06:04Z","timestamp":1646305564000},"page":"e004371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Spontaneous tumor regression following COVID-19 vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3516-7105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luana Guimaraes de","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic and Head and Neck, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J","family":"McGrail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaiyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic and Head and Neck, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario L","family":"Marques-Piubelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cipriano","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic and Head and Neck, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sammy","family":"Ferri-Borgogno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myrna","family":"Godoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6173-9074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jared","family":"Burks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiaw-Yih","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Ferrarotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic and Head and Neck, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100309193052000_10.3.e004371.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2201","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.5374","article-title":"Reactogenicity following receipt of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines","volume":"325","author":"Chapin-Bardales","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2025100309193052000_10.3.e004371.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-019-0132-6","article-title":"The how's and what's of vaccine reactogenicity","volume":"4","author":"Herv\u00e9","year":"2019","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"2025100309193052000_10.3.e004371.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-189305000-00001","article-title":"The treatment of malignant tumors by repeated inoculations of erysipelas: with a report of ten original cases","volume":"105","author":"Coley","year":"1893","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"2025100309193052000_10.3.e004371.4","unstructured":"Guidance for industry: toxicity grading scale for healthy adult and adolescent volunteers enrolled in preventive vaccine clinical trials 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Mapping and role of T cell response in SARS-CoV-2-infected mice. 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