{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T05:18:33Z","timestamp":1787807913628,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011851","name":"Kom op tegen Kanker","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CS 16628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CS 16628"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011851","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019781","name":"Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Oncology Center Antwerp","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1S69721N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1S69721N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1S76421N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1S76421N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Flemish cancer society","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Immunother Cancer"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite its viral etiology and immunogenic features, cervical cancer shows limited and often short-lived benefit from programmed cell death protein 1 blockade, currently the only approved immunotherapy for this disease. This limitation highlights the need for a deeper understanding of its immune microenvironment to uncover alternative or complementary immunotherapeutic targets that may improve outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We integrated spatial proteomic and bulk transcriptomic profiling of the cervical cancer immune landscape. Immune subset markers (CD8, CD4, CD68, FoxP3, NKp46) and clinically actionable immune checkpoint molecules (HLA-E, CD47, CD73, CD276, CD155, Gal-9, PD-L1, CD70, LAG-3) were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 65 resected tumors, spatially resolved across tumor stroma and tumor epithelium niches. Expression patterns and correlations with clinicopathological variables, immunotypes, and survival were systematically analyzed. Key findings were cross-validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort, and tumor-killing assays were conducted to evaluate the therapeutic potential of identified checkpoint axes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Immune infiltration was predominantly localized to the tumor stroma, with CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      and CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cells as dominant subsets. Within the tumor epithelium, CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cells and CD68\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      macrophages were most abundant. Among checkpoints, HLA-E and CD47 showed the highest and most widespread expression, whereas CD276 and CD155 were enriched in the tumor epithelium, and CD73 and CD70 in the tumor stroma. Squamous cell carcinoma showed a stronger immunologic profile than adenocarcinoma. Immunotype stratification revealed distinct expression profiles and prognostic patterns. Elevated niche-defined expression of CD8, CD4, CD4-FoxP3, and NKp46 associated with improved survival. CD155 emerged as the only checkpoint consistently linked with poor survival across niches and cohorts, and associated with chemotherapy resistance. Notably, CD155 was the most promising functional target and was highly and selectively enriched in the tumor epithelium across all immunotypes, including immune-desert tumors where other immune markers were scarce.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study reveals a complex, niche-specific and immunotype-specific immunoregulatory architecture in cervical cancer that extends well beyond programmed death-ligand 1. CD155 stands out as a compelling and underused therapeutic target, supporting a paradigm shift in targeting the T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) axis. Its functional impact and selective enrichment in the tumor epithelium positions CD155 as a promising therapeutic target for both checkpoint inhibition and epithelial-directed approaches in cervical cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2026-014834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T14:15:23Z","timestamp":1779286523000},"page":"e014834","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CD155 links tumor immunotype to epithelial-directed precision therapy beyond checkpoint inhibition in cervical cancer"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4168-8222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yannick","family":"Verhoeven","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Oncology Center Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Quatannens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanne","family":"van der Heijden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jari","family":"Claes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Science Institute, I-Biostat, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"de Beukelaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilde","family":"Lambrechts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Hermans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenn","family":"Broeckx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, PA\u00b2, General Hospital ZAS Middelheim, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herwig","family":"Van Dijck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Ramadhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Zwaenepoel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Stoop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Van Laere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Hauspy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology, General Hospital ZAS Augustine, Wilrijk, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christel","family":"Faes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Science Institute, I-Biostat, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00e9on C","family":"van Kempen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuan Bich","family":"Trinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Oncology Center Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Flanders, Belgium"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Breast Cancer and Gynaecologic Oncology Unit, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Lardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Senada","family":"Koljenovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter Andr\u00e9","family":"van Dam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Oncology Center Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Flanders, Belgium"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Breast Cancer and Gynaecologic Oncology Unit, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorrit","family":"De Waele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Flanders, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.1","unstructured":"Ferlay J , Ervik M , Lam F , et al . Global cancer observatory: cancer today. lyon, france: international agency for research on cancer. 2024. Available: https:\/\/gco.iarc.who.int\/today"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29685","article-title":"High\u2010risk HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 and their interplay with the innate immune response: Uncovering mechanisms of immune evasion and therapeutic prospects","volume":"96","author":"Lo Cigno","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12477"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.89829","article-title":"The head and neck cancer immune landscape and its immunotherapeutic implications","volume":"1","author":"Mandal","year":"2016","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.01265"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22041807","article-title":"Targeting the PD-1 Axis with Pembrolizumab for Recurrent or Metastatic Cancer of the Uterine Cervix: A Brief Update","volume":"22","author":"Verhoeven","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2112435"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1084887"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21386","article-title":"Integrated genomic and molecular characterization of cervical cancer","volume":"543","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature New Biol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-12-0095"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac1006"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2653"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2024.06.007","article-title":"A hypoxia-derived gene signature to suggest cisplatin-based therapeutic responses in patients with cervical cancer","volume":"23","author":"Fang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Comput Struct Biotechnol J"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa060570"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34395","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.9118","article-title":"Multiplicity of acquired cross-resistance in paclitaxel-resistant cancer cells is associated with feedback control of TUBB3 via FOXO3a-mediated ABCB1 regulation","volume":"7","author":"Aldonza","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI91190"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.02.065"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01525-w","article-title":"IL-15-secreting CAR natural killer cells directed toward the pan-cancer target CD70 eliminate both cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts","volume":"17","author":"Van den Eynde","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s13402-022-00750-0","article-title":"OrBITS: label-free and time-lapse monitoring of patient derived organoids for advanced drug screening","volume":"46","author":"Deben","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Oncol (Dordr)"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-0713"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21349"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modpat.2024.100624","article-title":"Spatial Cancer-Immune Phenotypes Predict Shorter Recurrence-Free Survival in the No Specific Molecular Profile Molecular Subtype of Endometrial Carcinoma","volume":"38","author":"de Biase","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14011","article-title":"Predictive correlates of response to the anti-PD-L1 antibody MPDL3280A in cancer patients","volume":"515","author":"Herbst","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature New Biol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.09.011"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-025-03480-2","article-title":"Multi-INTACT: integrative analysis of the genome, transcriptome, and proteome identifies causal mechanisms of complex traits","volume":"26","author":"Okamoto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-023-01570-0"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-06011-y","article-title":"Spatial transcriptomics reveals unique metabolic profile and key oncogenic regulators of cervical squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"22","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-01184-x"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888176","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.888176","article-title":"Infiltration Patterns of Cervical Epithelial Microenvironment Cells During Carcinogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.7804","article-title":"Correlation between subsets of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and risk stratification in patients with cervical cancer","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12307-012-0097-8"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2017.02.027","article-title":"Potential immunotherapy targets in recurrent cervical cancer","volume":"145","author":"Ring","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-019-02412-x"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-01123-w","article-title":"Baseline immunity and impact of chemotherapy on immune microenvironment in cervical cancer","volume":"124","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59040728","article-title":"Infiltration by Intratumor and Stromal CD8 and CD68 in Cervical Cancer","volume":"59","author":"Dimitrova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.36","first-page":"7598","article-title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of CD68, CD4, CD8 and CD20 expression in cervical dysplasia and its relationship with HR-HPV infection","volume":"25","author":"Raonic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2884","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28309","article-title":"Tumor\u2010infiltrating CD14\u2010positive myeloid cells and CD8\u2010positive T\u2010cells prolong survival in patients with cervical carcinoma","volume":"133","author":"de Vos van Steenwijk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Intl Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-9-186","article-title":"Low NKp30, NKp46 and NKG2D expression and reduced cytotoxic activity on NK cells in cervical cancer and precursor lesions","volume":"9","author":"Garcia-Iglesias","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10113104","article-title":"NK Cell Regulation in Cervical Cancer and Strategies for Immunotherapy","volume":"10","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Hoya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-20-0655"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-55923-w","article-title":"NKp46 enhances type 1 innate lymphoid cell proliferation and function and anti-acute myeloid leukemia activity","volume":"16","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-24-1208","article-title":"Cytotoxic NK Cells Impede Response to Checkpoint Immunotherapy in Melanoma with an Immune-Excluded Phenotype","volume":"15","author":"Pozniak","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1100354108"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13010052","article-title":"Prognostic Utility of CD47 in Cancer of the Uterine Cervix and the Sensitivity of Immunohistochemical Scores","volume":"13","author":"Yordanov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-10-184","article-title":"HLA-E expression in cervical adenocarcinomas: association with improved long-term survival","volume":"10","author":"Spaans","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2024-009934","article-title":"Unlocking the therapeutic potential of the NKG2A-HLA-E immune checkpoint pathway in T cells and NK cells for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2023.10.009","article-title":"Deciphering the role of CD47 in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"63","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00584-2"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/s11523-025-01130-y","article-title":"A Phase 1b\/2 Study of the Anti-CD47 Antibody Magrolimab with Cetuximab in Patients with Colorectal Cancer and Other Solid Tumors","volume":"20","author":"Eng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Target Oncol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2024-010565","article-title":"First-in-human phase I trial of the bispecific CD47 inhibitor and CD40 agonist Fc-fusion protein, SL-172154 in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer","volume":"13","author":"Lakhani","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01646-2","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of amulirafusp alfa (IMM0306), a fusion protein of CD20 monoclonal antibody with the CD47 binding domain of SIRP\u03b1, in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a phase 1\/2 study","volume":"17","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993118","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.993118","article-title":"Mining of immunological and prognostic-related biomarker for cervical cancer based on immune cell signatures","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.596825","article-title":"PD-L1 and PD-L2 Expression in Cervical Cancer: Regulation and Biomarker Potential","volume":"11","author":"Rotman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-024-02877-3","article-title":"Crucial immunological roles of the invasion front in innate and adaptive immunity in cervical cancer","volume":"131","author":"Hirahara","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2020.1756116","article-title":"Genomic and immunologic correlates of LAG-3 expression in cancer","volume":"9","author":"Panda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.01.019","article-title":"Clinical significance of immune checkpoint proteins in HPV-infected cervical cancer","volume":"16","author":"Zou","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.07.018"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-003667","article-title":"Targeting CD96 overcomes PD-1 blockade resistance by enhancing CD8+ TIL function in cervical cancer","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2016.64"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-021-00780-3"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2023.05.071"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-022-06449-9"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3233\/TUB-220035","article-title":"Identification of HPV16 positive cervical cancer subsets characterized by divergent immune and oncogenic phenotypes with potential implications for immunotherapy","volume":"45","author":"Ghosh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-021-02894-3","article-title":"Identification of immune subtypes of cervical squamous cell carcinoma predicting prognosis and immunotherapy responses","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-021-02845-y","article-title":"Identification of an immune classification for cervical cancer and integrative analysis of multiomics data","volume":"19","author":"Lyu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.979933","article-title":"Molecular classification of human papillomavirus-positive cervical cancers based on immune signature enrichment","volume":"10","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2019.11.013"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-3388"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03480-x","article-title":"Blocking TIGIT\/CD155 signalling reverses CD8+ T cell exhaustion and enhances the antitumor activity in cervical cancer","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655302","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.655302","article-title":"CD155 Promotes the Progression of Cervical Cancer Cells Through AKT\/mTOR and NF-\u03baB Pathways","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2024.103521","article-title":"21O Coformulated vibostolimab\/pembrolizumab in advanced cervical cancer: KEYVIBE-005","volume":"9","author":"Leary","year":"2024","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2024-005588"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2025.04.579","article-title":"AdvanTIG-202: Phase 2 open-label, two-cohort multicenter study of ociperlimab plus tislelizumab and tislelizumab alone in patients with previously treated recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer","volume":"198","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2023.101184","article-title":"Anti-TIGIT therapies for solid tumors: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Rousseau","year":"2023","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2024-7539","article-title":"Abstract 7539: First-in-class anti-PVR mAb NTX1088 advancing through Phase I: Safe and potent in restoring DNAM1 expression to enhance antitumor immunity","volume":"84","author":"Atieh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2023-008755","article-title":"CD155 blockade enhances allogeneic natural killer cell-mediated antitumor response against osteosarcoma","volume":"13","author":"Cho","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-025-01490-0","article-title":"Pan-cancer analysis identifies CD155 as a promising target for CAR-T cell therapy","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.09.010"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-025-01529-4","article-title":"Bispecific antibody targeting CD155 mediates T-cell immunotherapy against human gynecological malignancies","volume":"43","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Invest New Drugs"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.76854"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI189920","article-title":"CAR-T cells targeting CD155 reduce tumor burden in preclinical models of leukemia and solid tumors","volume":"135","author":"Xiong","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-025-03322-2","article-title":"Preclinical application of a CD155 targeting chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for digestive system cancers","volume":"44","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631812","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1631812","article-title":"CD155-based chimeric antigen receptor T cells: a promising immunotherapy for cervical and breast cancer","volume":"16","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2313811","article-title":"Tisotumab Vedotin as Second- or Third-Line Therapy for Recurrent Cervical Cancer","volume":"391","author":"Vergote","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200501090"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13939-z","article-title":"Genetically stable poliovirus vectors activate dendritic cells and prime antitumor CD8 T cell immunity","volume":"11","author":"Mosaheb","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-002203","article-title":"Phase I trial of intratumoral PVSRIPO in patients with unresectable, treatment-refractory melanoma","volume":"9","author":"Beasley","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"2026052007151478000_14.5.e014834.88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1716435"}],"container-title":["Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jitc-2026-014834","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T14:15:30Z","timestamp":1779286530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jitc.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jitc-2026-014834"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jitc-2026-014834"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jitc-2026-014834","relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-1426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-1426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}}}