{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T04:54:45Z","timestamp":1761540885344,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Genet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Four hundred and eighty-six patients with myocardial infarction of both sexes comprising 213 Chinese, 53 Malays, 199 Indians, and 21 Europeans, resident in Singapore were investigated for differences in relative incidence, and for the ABO, Rh, Le<jats:sup>a<\/jats:sup>, and Xg<jats:sup>a<\/jats:sup> blood groups, G6PD deficiency, and haemoglobin types. Relative incidence of myocardial infarction was appreciably higher among Indians than Chinese and Malays in all age groups, more so in younger people. There was no significant difference in the distribution of the genetic markers between patient and control series in either Chinese, Malays, or Indians.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.10.4.340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T14:50:51Z","timestamp":1226328651000},"page":"340-345","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Genetic Association in Myocardial Infarction: Ethnicity; ABO, Rh, Le<sup>a<\/sup>, Xg<sup>a<\/sup> Blood Groups; G6PD Deficiency; and Abnormal Haemoglobins"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Saha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. C. S.","family":"Toh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. B.","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1973,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Calorie intake of male and female adult healthy middle-class Indians in summer and winter months","volume":"62","author":"Banerjee, B.; Lal, D.C.; Saha, N.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Banerjee, B., Lal, D. C., and Saha, N. (1965). Calorie intake of male and female adult healthy middle-class Indians in summer and winter months. Calcutta Medical Journal, 62, 119-122.","journal-title":"Calcutta Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1970.29.2.200","article-title":"Energy cost of some common daily activities of active tropical male and female subjects","volume":"29","author":"Banerjee, B.; Saha, N.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Banerjee, B. and Saha, N. (1970). Energy cost of some common daily activities of active tropical male and female subjects. Journal of Applied Physiology, 29, 200-203.","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"249","article-title":"Calorie and nutrient intake of pregnant Asian women","volume":"24","author":"Banerjee, B.; Tan, P.Y.; Saha, N.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Banerjee, B., Tan, P. Y., and Saha, N. (1972). Calorie and nutrient intake of pregnant Asian women. Tropical and Geographical Medicine, 24, 249-252.","journal-title":"Tropical and Geographical Medicine"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"8","article-title":"Associated factors in coronary artery disease in the Chinese","author":"Barnes, R.J.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Barnes, R. J. (1972). Associated factors in coronary artery disease in the Chinese. Asian_Journal of Medicine, 8,419-424.","journal-title":"Asian_Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a069691","article-title":"The effect of dietary fats on the blood lipids and their relation to ischaemic heart disease","volume":"14","author":"Bronte-Stewart, B.","year":"1958","unstructured":"Bronte-Stewart, B. (1958). The effect of dietary fats on the blood lipids and their relation to ischaemic heart disease. British Medical Bulletin, 14, 243-252.","journal-title":"British Medical Bulletin"},{"key":"ref_6","article-title":"ABO blood groups in relation to ischaemic heart disease","volume-title":"British","author":"Bronte-Stewart, B.; Botha, M.C.; Krut, L.H.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Bronte-Stewart, B., Botha, M. C., and Krut, L. H. (1962). ABO blood groups in relation to ischaemic heart disease. British"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"1646","volume":"1","author":"Medical, Journal","unstructured":"Medical,Journal, 1, 1646-1650."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)90738-6","article-title":"Ischaemic heart disease in relation to fasting values of plasma triglycerides and cholesterol","volume":"1","author":"Carlson, L.A.; Bottiger, L.E.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Carlson, L. A. and Bottiger, L. E. (1972). Ischaemic heart disease in relation to fasting values of plasma triglycerides and cholesterol. Lancet, 1, 865-868.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"3","article-title":"The ABO blood group frequency distribution of Singapore based on a blood donor sample","volume":"3","author":"Chan, K.T.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Chan, K. T. (1962). The ABO blood group frequency distribution of Singapore based on a blood donor sample. Singapore Medical Journal, 3, 3-15.","journal-title":"Singapore Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"136","article-title":"Serum lipids and lipoproteins in healthy Malaysians","volume":"16","author":"Chong, Y.H.","year":"1961","unstructured":"Chong, Y. H. (1961\/1962). Serum lipids and lipoproteins in healthy Malaysians. MedicalJournal of Malaya, 16, 136-143.","journal-title":"MedicalJournal of Malaya"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"34","article-title":"Serum low density lipoproteins, triglycerides and cholesterol levels in Malaysia. Clinica Chimica Acta","author":"Chong, Y.H.; Soh, C.C.; Ho, G.S.; Rajaratnam, R.; Nonis, P.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Chong, Y. H., Soh, C. C., Ho, G. S., Rajaratnam, R., and Nonis, P. (1971). Serum low density lipoproteins, triglycerides and cholesterol levels in Malaysia. Clinica Chimica Acta, 34,85-92."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(59)90085-7","article-title":"Ethnic group differences in coronary heart disease in Singapore-an analysis of necropsy records","volume":"58","author":"Danarai, T.J.; Acker, M.S.; Danarai, W.; Wong, H.O.; Tan, B.Y.","year":"1959","unstructured":"Danarai, T. J., Acker, M. S., Danarai, W., Wong, H. O., and Tan, B. Y. (1959). Ethnic group differences in coronary heart disease in Singapore-an analysis of necropsy records. American Heart Journal, 58, 516-526.","journal-title":"American Heart Journal"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"97","article-title":"Plasma cholesterol levels in first, second and third generation of Chinese and Tamil Indians in Singapore","volume":"15","author":"Davies, T.A.L.; Willsher, J.D.","year":"1961","unstructured":"Davies, T. A. L. and Willsher, J. D. (1961\/1962). Plasma cholesterol levels in first, second and third generation of Chinese and Tamil Indians in Singapore. Medical Journal of Malaya, 15, 97-101.","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Malaya"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"1014","article-title":"Quoted by Carter, C. 0. in An ABC of medical genetics: I-Genetics in the aetiology of disease","volume":"1","author":"Hauge, M.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Hauge, M. (1969). Quoted by Carter, C. 0. in An ABC of medical genetics: I-Genetics in the aetiology of disease. Lancet, 1, 1014-1016.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"611","article-title":"The coronary profile: 12 year follow-up in the Framingham study","volume":"9","author":"Kannel, W.B.; Castelli, W.P.; McNamara, P.M.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Kannel, W. B., Castelli, W. P., and McNamara, P. M. (1967). The coronary profile: 12 year follow-up in the Framingham study. Journal of Occupational Medicine. 9, 611-619.","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational Medicine"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"607","article-title":"Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Hoeben-Harper","volume":"2","author":"Keys, A.; White, P. 0","year":"1958","unstructured":"Keys, A. and White, P. 0. (1958). Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Hoeben-Harper, New York. Langman, M. J. S., Elwood, P. C., Foote, J., and Ryrie, D. R. (1969). ABO and Lewis blood groups and serum cholesterol. Lancet, 2, 607-609.","journal-title":"Lancet; ABO and Lewis blood groups and serum cholesterol"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"184","article-title":"Serum cholesterol levels in Malays, Indians and Chinese","volume-title":"Malaya. Medical J7ournal of Malaya","volume":"16","year":"1961","unstructured":"Lau, K. S., Lopez, C. G., and Gan, 0. M. (1961\/1962). Serum cholesterol levels in Malays, Indians and Chinese in Malaya. Medical J7ournal of Malaya, 16, 184-192."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(57)90568-8","article-title":"The effect of serum-cholesterol of diets containing different fats","volume":"2","author":"Malmros, H.; Wigand, G.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Malmros, H. and Wigand, G. (1957). The effect of serum-cholesterol of diets containing different fats. Lancet, 2, 1-8.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"233","article-title":"Blood groups and blood clotting","volume":"1","author":"Mourant, A.E.; Kopec, A.C.; Domaniewska-Sobczak, K.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Mourant, A. E., Kopec, A. C., and Domaniewska-Sobczak, K. (1971). Blood groups and blood clotting. Lancet, 1, 233-228.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.19.6.849","article-title":"Dietary fat, serum cholesterol levels and incidence of atherosclerosis in Dehli","volume":"19","author":"Padmavati, S.; Gupta, S.; Pantulu, G.V.","year":"1959","unstructured":"Padmavati, S., Gupta, S., and Pantulu, G. V. (1959). Dietary fat, serum cholesterol levels and incidence of atherosclerosis in Dehli. Circulation, 19, 849-855.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.6.3.292","article-title":"Incidence of G-6-PD deficiency in patients of three different ethnic groups suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"6","author":"Saha, N.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Saha, N. (1969). Incidence of G-6-PD deficiency in patients of three different ethnic groups suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis. J'ournal of Medical Genetics, 6, 292-293.","journal-title":"J'ournal of Medical Genetics"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"44","article-title":"Prevalence of abnormal haemoglobins in pulmonary tuberculosis in three different ethnic groups","volume-title":"J7ournal o Medical Genetics,","author":"Saha, N.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Saha, N. (1970). Prevalence of abnormal haemoglobins in pulmonary tuberculosis in three different ethnic groups. J7ournal o Medical Genetics, 7, 44-46."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"141","article-title":"Erythrocyte G-6-PD deficiency among Chinese and Malays of Singapore","volume":"23","author":"Saha, N.; Banerjee, B.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Saha, N. and Banerjee, B. (1971a). Erythrocyte G-6-PD deficiency among Chinese and Malays of Singapore. Tropical and Geographical Medicine, 23, 141-144.","journal-title":"Tropical and Geographical Medicine"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"300","article-title":"Incidence of abnormal haemoglobins in different ethnic groups of Indians","volume":"11","author":"Saha, N.; Banerjee, B.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Saha, N. and Banerjee, B. (1971b). Incidence of abnormal haemoglobins in different ethnic groups of Indians. Humangenetik, 11, 300-303.","journal-title":"Humangenetik"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"542","article-title":"Xga blood groups in Chinese, Malays and Indians in Singapore","volume":"24","author":"Saha, N.; Banerjee, B.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Saha, N. and Banerjee, B. (1973). Xga blood groups in Chinese, Malays and Indians in Singapore. Vox Sanguinis, 24, 542-544.","journal-title":"Vox Sanguinis"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.37.6.939","article-title":"Prevalence of coronary heart disease in an urban population in Northern India","volume":"37","author":"Sarvotham, S.G.; Berry, J.N.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Sarvotham, S. G. and Berry, J. N. (1968). Prevalence of coronary heart disease in an urban population in Northern India. Circulation, 37, 939-953.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_27","article-title":"Census 1970. Government Printing","author":"Singapore","year":"1971","unstructured":"Singapore (1971). Census 1970. Government Printing Office, Singapore."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"140","article-title":"ABO-blood groups in relation to ischaemic heart disease","volume":"18","author":"Srivastava, D.K.; Thakur, C.P.; Das, M.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Srivastava, D. K., Thakur, C. P., and Das, M. (1966). ABO-blood groups in relation to ischaemic heart disease. Indian Heart J'ournal, 18, 140-149.","journal-title":"Indian Heart J'ournal"},{"key":"ref_29","series-title":"Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Pacific Congress of Cardiology","first-page":"43","article-title":"Some aspects of the epidemiology of cardio-vacular diseases in Singapore","author":"Toh, C.C.S.; Low, L.P.; Tan, Y.T.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Toh, C. C. S., Low, L. P., and Tan, Y. T. (1970). Some aspects of the epidemiology of cardio-vacular diseases in Singapore. In Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Pacific Congress of Cardiology, 1968, pp. 43-47, ed. by M. Eliakim. Academic Press, London and New York."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(70)90307-8","article-title":"Coronary risk factors in Northern India","volume":"79","author":"Wysham, D.N.; Kohli, K.C.; Mulholland, S.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Wysham, D. N., Kohli, K. C., and Mulholland, S. (1970). Coronary risk factors in Northern India. American Heart Journal, 79, 181-187.","journal-title":"American Heart Journal"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.10.4.340","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T04:34:48Z","timestamp":1759725288000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmg.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.10.4.340"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1973,12]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1973,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jmg.10.4.340"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jmg.10.4.340","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2593","1468-6244"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0022-2593"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-6244"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1973,12]]}}}