{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T14:49:05Z","timestamp":1787582945163,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":172,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Genet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1975,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>An alpha-feto-protein (AFP) is present in many mammals, in birds, and in sharks during development. The AFP present in different species have similar physicochemical properties and often have common antigenic determinants. Their study, both in health and disease, has provided a useful model for the understanding of other phase-specific antigens and the activation of the genes which control their synthesis. In the human fetus, the level of AFP falls with increasing maturity. The more sensitive methods of detection have disclosed that this fetal protein persists in trace amounts throughout life and its level increases in maternal blood during pregnancy. The principal sites of synthesis are the fetal liver and in some mammals, the yolk sac splanchnopleur. In humans as well as in mice and cows, it is notable that the synthesis of AFP is increased in liver cancer cells and that high levels of this protein are present in serum. Elevated values of AFP have also been detected in human subjects with undifferentiated tumours of the testis and ovary. A fall to normal levels has been noted in cases of complete remission after surgery and a return to high levels in patients who develop metastases. In some patients with hepatitis a temporary rise in the level of AFP has also been observed. In recent years, the detection of high levels of AFP in amniotic fluid has proved to be of great value for the prenatal diagnosis of neural-tube defects. Abnormal levels have also been found in the amniotic fluid or in maternal serum in cases of spontaneous abortion. Such measurements are now being assessed as a methodof monitoring abnormal pregnancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.12.2.138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T14:50:51Z","timestamp":1226328651000},"page":"138-151","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Alpha-feto-protein during development and in disease."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Adinolfi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Adinolfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Lessof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1975,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1159\/000391380","article-title":"Antigenic structure of chemically-induced hepatomas","volume":"7","author":"Abelev, G.I.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Abelev, G. I. (1965). Antigenic structure of chemically-induced hepatomas. Progress in Experimental Tumor Research, 7, 104-157.","journal-title":"Progress in Experimental Tumor Research"},{"key":"ref_2","article-title":"Production of embryonal serum alphaglobulin by hepatomas: review of experimental and clinical data","author":"Abelev, G.I.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Abelev, G. I. (1968). Production of embryonal serum alphaglobulin by hepatomas: review of experimental and clinical data."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-230X(08)60523-0","article-title":"Alpha-fetoprotein in ontogenesis and its association with malignant tumors","volume":"14","author":"Abelev, G.I.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Abelev, G. I. (1971). Alpha-fetoprotein in ontogenesis and its association with malignant tumors. Advances in Cancer Research, 14, 295-358.","journal-title":"Advances in Cancer Research"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"563","article-title":"Regulation of alpha-fetoprotein synthesis","volume":"20","author":"Abelev, G.I.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Abelev, G. I. (1973). Regulation of alpha-fetoprotein synthesis. Neoplasma, 20, 563-566.","journal-title":"Neoplasma"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"551","article-title":"Embryonal serum a-globulin in cancer patients: diagnostic value","volume":"2","author":"Abelev, G.I.; Assecritova, I.V.; Kraevsky, N.A.; Perova, S.D.; Perevodchikova, N.I.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Abelev, G. I., Assecritova, I. V., Kraevsky, N. A., Perova, S. D., and Perevodchikova, N. I. (1967). Embryonal serum a-globulin in cancer patients: diagnostic value. InternationalJournal of Cancer, 2, 551-558.","journal-title":"InternationalJournal of Cancer"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"\"pp. 141","article-title":"Quantitative aspects of alpha-fetoprotein synthesis","volume":"1","author":"Abelev, G.I.; Elgort, D.A.; Perova, S.D.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Abelev, G. I., Elgort, D. A., and Perova, S. D. (1974). Quantitative aspects of alpha-fetoprotein synthesis. In Alpha-feto-protein, ed. by R. Masseyeff, pp. 141-171. INSERM, Nice. Abelev, G. I., Perova, S., Khramkova, N. I., Postnikova, Z. A., and Irlin, I. (1963). Production of embryonal alpha-globulin by the transplantable mouse hepatomas. Transplantation, 1, 174-180.","journal-title":"Transplantation; Production of embryonal alpha-globulin by the transplantable mouse hepatomas"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"331","article-title":"Induction of neoplasma in non-human primates by chemical carcinogens. In Embryonic and Fetal Antigens","volume":"2","author":"Adamson, R.H.; Smith, C.F.; Dalgard, D.W.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Adamson, R. H., Smith, C. F., and Dalgard, D. W. (1972). Induction of neoplasma in non-human primates by chemical carcinogens. In Embryonic and Fetal Antigens in Cancer, ed. by N. G. Anderson, J. H. Coggin, E. Cole, and J. W. Holleman, vol. 2, pp. 331-337."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"316","article-title":"Foetal a-l-globulin and its association with hepatocellular carcinoma and teratoblastomas","volume":"1","author":"Adinolfii, A.; Adinolfi, M.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Adinolfii, A. and Adinolfi, M. (1971). Foetal a-l-globulin and its association with hepatocellular carcinoma and teratoblastomas. Ricerca, 1, 316-332.","journal-title":"Ricerca"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2795(71)90103-6","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of human foetal-a-globulin (a, F) from foetal and hepatoma sera","volume":"251","author":"Adinolfi, A.; Adinolfi, M.; Cohen, S.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Adinolfi, A., Adinolfi, M. and Cohen, S. (1971). Isolation and characterization of human foetal-a-globulin (a,F) from foetal and hepatoma sera. Biochimica Biophysica Acta, 251, 197-207.","journal-title":"Biochimica Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"224","article-title":"Genetic polymorphism and in vitro cultures in studies of the ontogenesis of human fetal proteins. In Biochemistry of Development","volume-title":"Clinical Developments in Medicine, No. 37","author":"Adinolfi, M.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Adinolfi, M. (1971). Genetic polymorphism and in vitro cultures in studies of the ontogenesis of human fetal proteins. In Biochemistry of Development, ed. by P. F. Benson, pp. 224-247, Clinical Developments in Medicine, No. 37. Heinemann, London."},{"key":"ref_11","article-title":"On the transfer of a-foetoprotein from the foetus into the maternal circulation. In Maternofoetal Transmission of Immunoglobulins-ed","author":"Adinolfi, M.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Adinolfi, M. (1975). On the transfer of a-foetoprotein from the foetus into the maternal circulation. In Maternofoetal Transmission of Immunoglobulins-ed. by W. A. Hemmings. (In press.)"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1967.tb02332.x","article-title":"Studies on the properties of a human fetal serum protein","volume":"9","author":"Adinolfi, M.; Gardner, B.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Adinolfi, M. and Gardner, B. (1967). Studies on the properties of a human fetal serum protein. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 9, 609-616.","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"133","article-title":"Fetal proteins and immunoglobulins in Down's syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Adinolfi, M.; Gardner, B.; Martin, W.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Adinolfi, M., Gardner, B., and Martin, W. (1967). Fetal proteins and immunoglobulins in Down's syndrome. Atti Associazione Genetica Italiana, 12, 133-143.","journal-title":"Atti Associazione Genetica Italiana"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"558","article-title":"Transfer of foetal a-l-globulin into the maternal circulation","volume-title":"Immunology of Reproduction","author":"Adinolfi, M.; Kohn, J.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Adinolfi, M. and Kohn, J. (1971). Transfer of foetal a-l-globulin into the maternal circulation. In Immunology of Reproduction, pp. 558-560. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia."},{"issue":"989","key":"ref_15","article-title":"Alpha-fetoprotein in acute viral hepatitis","volume":"287","author":"Akeyama, T.; Koyama, T.; Kamada, T.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Akeyama, T., Koyama, T., and Kamada, T. (1972). Alpha-fetoprotein in acute viral hepatitis. New England Journal of Medicine, 287,989.","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/235137a0","article-title":"Foetal 'antigens' in cancer","volume":"235","author":"Alexander, P.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Alexander, P. (1972). Foetal 'antigens' in cancer. Nature, 235, 137-140.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"522","article-title":"Amniotic-fluid alpha-fetoprotein in the antenatal diagnosis of spina bifida","volume":"2","author":"Allan, L.D.; Ferguson-Smith, M.A.; Donald, I.; Sweet, E.M.; Gibson, A.A.M.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Allan, L. D., Ferguson-Smith, M. A., Donald, I., Sweet, E. M., and Gibson, A. A. M. (1973). Amniotic-fluid alpha-fetoprotein in the antenatal diagnosis of spina bifida. Lancet, 2, 522-525.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)92684-1","article-title":"Immunoenzymatic assay for alpha-fetoprotein","volume":"1","author":"Alpert, E.; Coston, R.; Perrotto, J.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Alpert, E., Coston, R., and Perrotto, J. (1974). Immunoenzymatic assay for alpha-fetoprotein. Lancet, 1, 626.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1973.tb47542.x","article-title":"Isoelectric focusing of human a-fetoprotein an aid in purification and characterization of microheterogeneity","volume":"209","author":"Alpert, E.; Drysdale, J.W.; Isselbacher, K.J.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Alpert, E., Drysdale, J. W., and Isselbacher, K. J. (1973). Isoelectric focusing of human a-fetoprotein an aid in purification and characterization of microheterogeneity. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 209, 387-396.","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Science"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)33609-1","article-title":"Alpha fetoprotein in human hepatoma: improved detection in serum and quantitative studies using a new sensitive technique","volume":"61","author":"Alpert, E.; Hershberg, R.; Schurr, P.H.; Isselbacher, K.J.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Alpert, E., Hershberg, R., Schurr, P. H., and Isselbacher, K. J. (1971). Alpha fetoprotein in human hepatoma: improved detection in serum and quantitative studies using a new sensitive technique. Gastroenterology, 61, 137-143.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196805022781804","article-title":"Alpha, fetoglobulin in the diagnosis of human hepatoma","volume":"278","author":"Alpert, E.; Uriel, J.; Nechaud, B.de","year":"1968","unstructured":"Alpert, E., Uriel, J., and Nechaud, B. de (1968). Alpha, fetoglobulin in the diagnosis of human hepatoma. New England J'ournal of Medicine, 278, 984-986.","journal-title":"New England J'ournal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(70)90077-2","article-title":"Absence of alpha-l-fetoprotein antigen or antibody in maternal sera","volume":"2","author":"Alpert, E.; Zuckerman, J.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Alpert, E. and Zuckerman, J. (1970). Absence of alpha-l-fetoprotein antigen or antibody in maternal sera. Lancet, 2, 465.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"461","article-title":"Alpha-i fetoprotein in human hepatoma","volume":"17","author":"Alpert, M.E.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Alpert, M. E. (1969). Alpha-i fetoprotein in human hepatoma. Clinical Research, 17, 461.","journal-title":"Clinical Research"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"46","article-title":"Primary hepatoma in Uganda","author":"Alpert, M.E.; Hutt, M.S.R.; Davidson, C.S.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Alpert, M. E., Hutt, M. S. R., and Davidson, C. S. (1969). Primary hepatoma in Uganda. American Journal of Medicine, 46,794-802.","journal-title":"American Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"7","article-title":"Models of differentiation, retrogression","volume-title":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.","volume":"1","author":"Anderson, N.G.; Coggin, J.H.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Anderson, N. G. and Coggin, J. H. (1971). Models of differentiation, retrogression and cancer. InEmbryonic and Fetal Antigens in Cancer, ed by N. G. Anderson, vol. 1, pp. 7-37. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"361","article-title":"Retrogenesis: problems and prospects. In Embryonic and Fetal Antigens","volume-title":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.","volume":"2","author":"Anderson, N.G.; Coggin, Jr, J.H.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Anderson, N. G. and Coggin, J. H., Jr. (1972). Retrogenesis: problems and prospects. In Embryonic and Fetal Antigens in Cancer, ed. by N. G. Anderson, J. H. Coggin, E. Cole, and J. W. Holleman, vol. 2, pp. 361-368. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI104557","article-title":"Serum proteins and thyroxineprotein interaction in early human fetuses","volume":"41","author":"Andreoli, M.; Robbins, J.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Andreoli, M. and Robbins, J. (1962). Serum proteins and thyroxineprotein interaction in early human fetuses. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 41, 1070-1077.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"1595","article-title":"A propos de l'existence de l'alpha-l-foetoproteine en dehors de l'hepatome","volume":"79","author":"Andrieu, J.; Breart, G.; Rodier, B.; Robert, P.E.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Andrieu, J., Breart, G., Rodier, B., and Robert, P. E. (1971). A propos de l'existence de l'alpha-l-foetoproteine en dehors de l'hepatome. Presse Midicale, 79, 1595-1596.","journal-title":"Presse Midicale"},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"17","article-title":"AFP isolation and estrogen binding properties","author":"Anssel, C.; Uriel, J.; Mercier-Bodard, C.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Anssel, C., Uriel, J., and Mercier-Bodard, C. (1974). AFP isolation and estrogen binding properties. In Alpha-feto-protein, ed. by R. Masseyeff, pp. 17-23. INSERM, Nice."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(70)92622-X","article-title":"Age distribution of alphafetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"2","author":"Bagshawe, A.; Parker, A.M.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Bagshawe, A. and Parker, A. M. (1970). Age distribution of alphafetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet, 2, 268.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00804570","article-title":"Appearance of embryonal serum a-globulin in adult mice after inhalation of carbon tetrachloride","volume":"65","author":"Bakirov, R.D.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Bakirov, R. D. (1968). Appearance of embryonal serum a-globulin in adult mice after inhalation of carbon tetrachloride. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 65 (2), 45-47.","journal-title":"Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/57.4.511","article-title":"Yolk sac carcinoma of the ovary with alpha fetoprotein in serum and ascitic fluid demonstrated by immurnoosmophoresis","volume":"57","author":"Ballas, M.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Ballas, M. (1972). Yolk sac carcinoma of the ovary with alpha fetoprotein in serum and ascitic fluid demonstrated by immurnoosmophoresis. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 57, 511-516.","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"457","article-title":"Tyrosinemie hereditaire et alpha-lfoetoproteimie","volume":"21","author":"B6langer, L.","year":"1973","unstructured":"B6langer, L. (1973). Tyrosinemie hereditaire et alpha-lfoetoproteimie. Pathologie et Biologie, 21, 457-463.","journal-title":"Pathologie et Biologie"},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"449","article-title":"Tyrosinemie hereditaire et alpha-lfoetoproteimie","volume":"21","author":"B6langer, L.; Belanger, M.; Prive, L.; Larochelle, J.; Tremblay, M.; Aubin, G.","year":"1973","unstructured":"B6langer, L., Belanger, M., Prive, L., Larochelle, J., Tremblay, M., and Aubin, G. (1973a). Tyrosinemie hereditaire et alpha-lfoetoproteimie. Pathologie et Biologie, 21, 449-455.","journal-title":"Pathologie et Biologie"},{"key":"ref_35","article-title":"Microheterogeneity of rat AFP","author":"Belanger, L.; Dufour, D.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Belanger, L. and Dufour, D. (1974). Microheterogeneity of rat AFP. In Alpha-feto-protein, ed. by R. Masseyeff. INSERM, Nice."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(73)90211-8","article-title":"Enzymelinked immunoassay for alpha-fetoprotein by competitive and sandwich procedures","volume":"48","author":"Belanger, L.; Silvestre, C.; Dufour, D.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Belanger, L., Silvestre, C., and Dufour, D. (1973b). Enzymelinked immunoassay for alpha-fetoprotein by competitive and sandwich procedures. Clinica Chimica Acta, 48, 15-18.","journal-title":"Clinica Chimica Acta"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.3109\/00365515609049266","article-title":"Demonstration of a new protein fraction in serum from the human fetus","volume":"8","author":"Bergstrand, C.G.; Czar, B.","year":"1956","unstructured":"Bergstrand, C. G. and Czar, B. (1956). Demonstration of a new protein fraction in serum from the human fetus. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 8, 174.","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.3109\/00365515709079971","article-title":"Paper electrophoretic study of human fetal serum proteins with demonstration of a new protein fraction","volume":"9","author":"Bergstrand, C.G.; Czar, B.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Bergstrand, C. G. and Czar, B. (1957). Paper electrophoretic study of human fetal serum proteins with demonstration of a new protein fraction. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 9, 277-286.","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1972.tb15915.x","article-title":"a-Foetoprotein, albumin and total protein in serum from preterm and term infants and small for gestational age infants","volume":"61","author":"Bergstrand, C.G.; Karlsson, B.W.; Lindberg, T.; Ekelund, H.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Bergstrand, C. G., Karlsson, B. W., Lindberg, T., and Ekelund, H. (1972). a-Foetoprotein, albumin and total protein in serum from preterm and term infants and small for gestational age infants. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 61, 128-132.","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"1585","article-title":"Presence de l'alpha-foeto-proteine serique dans quartre cas de cancers digestifs primitifs autres que 1'hepatome","volume":"79","author":"Bernades, P.; Smadja, M.; Rueff, B.; Bonnefond, A.; Tursz, T.; Martin, E.; Bognel, C.; Barge, J.; Uriel, J.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Bernades, P., Smadja, M., Rueff, B., Bonnefond, A., Tursz, T., Martin, E., Bognel, C., Barge, J., and Uriel, J. (1971). Presence de l'alpha-foeto-proteine serique dans quartre cas de cancers digestifs primitifs autres que 1'hepatome. Presse Midicale, 79, 1585-1587.","journal-title":"Presse Midicale"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(59)90089-0","article-title":"Development of foetal proteins","volume":"4","author":"Bodman, J.","year":"1959","unstructured":"Bodman, J. (1959). Development of foetal proteins. Clinica Chimica Acta, 4, 103-109.","journal-title":"Clinica Chimica Acta"},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"1277","article-title":"Existence d'alpha-foeto-proteine au cours d'un cancer secondaire du foie d'origine gastrique","volume":"78","author":"Bourreille, J.; Metayer, P.; Sauger, F.; Matray, F.; Fondimare, A.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Bourreille, J., Metayer, P., Sauger, F., Matray, F., and Fondimare, A. (1970). Existence d'alpha-foeto-proteine au cours d'un cancer secondaire du foie d'origine gastrique. Presse Midicale, 78, 1277-1278.","journal-title":"Presse Midicale"},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"451","article-title":"The ontogeny of alpha-foetoprotein in the foetal and neonatal rabbit and its experimental induction in adult rabbits","volume":"10","author":"Branch, W.R.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Branch, W. R. (1972). The ontogeny of alpha-foetoprotein in the foetal and neonatal rabbit and its experimental induction in adult rabbits. InternationalJournal of Cancer, 10, 451-457.","journal-title":"InternationalJournal of Cancer"},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"501","article-title":"Localisation and synthesis of a-fetoprotein in the","volume":"135","author":"Branch, W.R.; Wild, A.E.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Branch, W. R. and Wild, A. E. (1972). Localisation and synthesis of a-fetoprotein in the rabbit. Zeitschrift fur Zellforschung, 135, 501-516."},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"923","article-title":"Prenatal diagnosis of anencephaly through maternal serum-alphafetoprotein measurement","volume":"2","author":"Brock, D.J.H.; Bolton, A.E.; Monaghan, J.M.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Brock, D. J. H., Bolton, A. E., and Monaghan, J. M. (1973). Prenatal diagnosis of anencephaly through maternal serum-alphafetoprotein measurement. Lancet, 2, 923-924.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)92306-9","article-title":"Early prenatal diagnosis of anencephaly","volume":"2","author":"Brock, D.J.H.; Scrimgeour, J.B.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Brock, D. J. H. and Scrimgeour, J. B. (1972). Early prenatal diagnosis of anencephaly. Lancet, 2, 1252-1253.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)92760-3","article-title":"Alpha-fetoprotein in the prenatal diagnosis of CNS malformations","volume":"1","author":"Brock, D.J.H.; Scrimgeour, J.B.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Brock, D. J. H. and Scrimgeour, J. B. (1974). Alpha-fetoprotein in the prenatal diagnosis of CNS malformations. Lancet, 1, 569.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)91634-0","article-title":"Alpha-fetoprotein in the antenatal diagnosis of anencephaly and spina bifida","volume":"2","author":"Brock, D.J.H.; Sutcliffe, R.G.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Brock, D. J. H. and Sutcliffe, R. G. (1972). Alpha-fetoprotein in the antenatal diagnosis of anencephaly and spina bifida. Lancet, 2, 197-199.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"117","article-title":"Fetoproteins and childrens'","volume":"14","author":"Buffe, D.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Buffe, D. (1973). Fetoproteins and childrens' tumours. In Alphafetoprotein and Hepatoma, ed. by H. Hirai and T. Miyagi. GANN Monograph on Cancer Research, vol. 14, pp. 117-128. University Press of Tokyo.","journal-title":"GANN Monograph on Cancer Research"},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"172","article-title":"L'al-foetoproteine dans les atteintes hepatiques et les maladies metaboliques de l'enfant","volume":"19","author":"Buffe, D.; Rimbaut, C.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Buffe, D. and Rimbaut, C. (1973). L'al-foetoproteine dans les atteintes hepatiques et les maladies metaboliques de l'enfant. Biomidicine, 19, 172-176.","journal-title":"Biomidicine"},{"key":"ref_51","article-title":"letude sur les antigenes foetaux humains","author":"Burtin, P.; Kleist, S.von; Buffi, D.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Burtin, P., Kleist, S. von, and Buffi, D. (1967). letude sur les antigenes foetaux humains."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"\"1389","article-title":"Atude immunoelectrophoretique des antig6nes du serum foetal humain absents du serum adulte. Bulletin de la Socidtc de Chimie","volume":"49","author":"Chandra, R.K.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Atude immunoelectrophoretique des antig6nes du serum foetal humain absents du serum adulte. Bulletin de la Socidtc de Chimie Biologique, 49, 1389-1398. Chandra, R. K. (1973). Hepatitis antigen and a-fetoprotein in neonatal hepatitis. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 48, 157-158.","journal-title":"Biologique; Hepatitis antigen and a-fetoprotein in neonatal hepatitis"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5960.714","article-title":"Serum a-fetoprotein levels in patients with cystic fibrosis and their parents and siblings","volume":"1","author":"Chandra, R.K.; Madhvankutty, K.; Way, R.C.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Chandra, R. K., Madhvankutty, K., and Way, R. C. (1975). Serum a-fetoprotein levels in patients with cystic fibrosis and their parents and siblings. British MedicalJournal, 1, 714-715.","journal-title":"British MedicalJournal"},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"1337","volume":"X,","author":"Economopoulos, P.; Theodoropoulos, G.; Sakellaropoulos, N.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Economopoulos, P., Theodoropoulos, G., and Sakellaropoulos, N. (1970). Alpha-feto-protein in Greece and France. Lancet, X, 1337.","journal-title":"Alpha-feto-protein in Greece and France. Lancet"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.2957\/kanzo.10.143","article-title":"Diagnosis of primary carcinoma of the liver by alpha-feto globulin","volume":"10","author":"Endo, Y.; Hono, S.; Fujiwava, K.; M'Yake, K.; Kanetaka, T.; Yananaka, M.; Susuki, H.; Oda, T.; Yoshitoshi, Y.; Yuii, T.; Yokochi, T.; Mivra, T.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Endo, Y., Hono, S., Fujiwava, K., M'Yake, K., Kanetaka, T., Yananaka, M., Susuki, H., Oda, T., Yoshitoshi, Y., Yuii, T., Yokochi, T., and Mivra, T. (1969) Diagnosis of primary carcinoma of the liver by alpha-feto globulin. Kanzo, 10, 143-146.","journal-title":"Kanzo"},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"198","article-title":"Immunofluorescent study of alpha-feto-protein in liver and liver tumours. I. technique of afp localization in tissue sections","volume":"7","author":"Engelhardt, N.V.; Goussev, A.I.; Shipova, Jr., J.; Abelev, G.I.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Engelhardt, N. V., Goussev, A. I., Shipova, J., Jr., and Abelev, G. I. (1971). Immunofluorescent study of alpha-feto-protein in liver and liver tumours. I. technique of afp localization in tissue sections. InternationalJ7ournal of Cancer, 7, 198-206.","journal-title":"InternationalJ7ournal of Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref_57","first-page":"62","article-title":"Immunohistochemical detection of alpha-fetoglobulin on sections of the liver of human embryo and newborn mice","volume":"65","author":"Engelhardt, N.V.; Shipova, L.V.; Goussev, A.I.; Yazova, A.R.; Tergrigorova, E.N.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Engelhardt, N. V., Shipova, L. V., Goussev, A. I., Yazova, A. R., and Tergrigorova, E. N. (1969). Immunohistochemical detection of alpha-fetoglobulin on sections of the liver of human embryo and newborn mice. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 65 (12), 62-66.","journal-title":"Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"599","article-title":"Cryoglobulins in acute and chronic liver diseases","volume":"16","author":"Florin-Christensen, A.; Roux, M.E.B.; Arana, R.M.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Florin-Christensen, A., Roux, M. E. B., and Arana, R. M. (1974). Cryoglobulins in acute and chronic liver diseases. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 16, 599-605.","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"1267","article-title":"Serum alpha-lfetoprotein in patients with liver disease","volume":"2","author":"Foli, A.K.; Sherlock, S.; Adinolfi, M.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Foli, A. K., Sherlock, S., and Adinolfi, M. (1969). Serum alpha-lfetoprotein in patients with liver disease. Lancet, 2, 1267-1269.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"2","article-title":"Fetoprotein in pregnant African women","author":"Foy, H.; Kondi, A.; Linsell, C.A.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Foy, H., Kondi, A., and Linsell, C. A. (1970a). Fetoprotein in pregnant African women. Lancet, 2,663-664."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"411","article-title":"The alpha-l-protein test in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"1","author":"Foy, H.; Kondi, A.; Linsell, C.A.; Parker, A.M.; Sizaret, P.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Foy, H., Kondi, A., Linsell, C. A., Parker, A. M., and Sizaret, P. (1970b). The alpha-l-protein test in hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet, 1, 411-412.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1038\/225952b0","article-title":"Positive alpha-l-foetoprotein tests in pyridoxine deprived baboons: relevance to liver carcinoma in Africans","volume":"225","author":"Foy, H.; Kondi, A.; Linsell, C.A.; Parker, A.M.; Sizaret, P.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Foy, H., Kondi, A., Linsell, C. A., Parker, A. M., and Sizaret, P. (1970c). Positive alpha-l-foetoprotein tests in pyridoxine deprived baboons: relevance to liver carcinoma in Africans. Nature, 225, 952-953.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_63","first-page":"1336","article-title":"The alpha fetoprotein test in pregnant women, women on oral contraceptives, newborn babies and pyridoxine-deprived baboons","volume":"1","author":"Foy, H.; Kondi, A.; Parker, A.M.; Stanley, R.; Venning, C.D.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Foy, H., Kondi, A., Parker, A. M., Stanley, R., and Venning, C. D. (1970d). The alpha fetoprotein test in pregnant women, women on oral contraceptives, newborn babies and pyridoxine-deprived baboons. Lancet, 1, 1336-1337.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1038\/2221296a0","article-title":"In vitro synthesis of the foetal a, globulin in man","volume":"222","author":"Furth, R.van; Adinolfi, M.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Furth, R. van and Adinolfi, M. (1969). In vitro synthesis of the foetal a, globulin in man. Nature, 222, 1296-1299.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_65","first-page":"954","article-title":"Demonstration dans le serum de foetus humain d'une nouvelle fraction proteique au moyen de l'ectrophorese sur papier","volume":"16","author":"Galdo, A.; Casado, J.P.; Talavera, R.","year":"1959","unstructured":"Galdo, A., Casado, J. P., and Talavera, R. (1959). Demonstration dans le serum de foetus humain d'une nouvelle fraction proteique au moyen de l'ectrophorese sur papier. Archives Fransaises de Pidiatrie, 16, 954-962.","journal-title":"Archives Fransaises de Pidiatrie"},{"key":"ref_66","first-page":"80","article-title":"Alpha fetoprotein and human placental lactogen levels in maternal serum in multiple pregnancies","author":"Garoff, L.; Seppala, M.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Garoff, L. and Seppala, M. (1973). Alpha fetoprotein and human placental lactogen levels in maternal serum in multiple pregnancies. journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth, 80,695-700.","journal-title":"journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth"},{"key":"ref_67","first-page":"1281","article-title":"Bilan d'une recherche systematique de l'alpha-l-foetoproteine dans 224 hepatopathies","volume":"47","author":"Geffroy, Y.; Boureille, J.; Denis, P.; Colin, R.; Metayer, P.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Geffroy, Y., Boureille, J., Denis, P., Colin, R., and Metayer, P. (1971). Bilan d'une recherche systematique de l'alpha-l-foetoproteine dans 224 hepatopathies. Semaine des Hdpitaux de Paris, 47, 1281-1285.","journal-title":"Semaine des Hdpitaux de Paris"},{"key":"ref_68","first-page":"1107","article-title":"Pr6sence d'alpha-l-foetoprot6ine chez l'adulte au cours d'une hepatite virale traitee par corticotherapie","volume":"78","author":"Geffroy, Y.; Denis, P.; Colin, R.; Sauger, F.; Matray, F.; Fondimare, A.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Geffroy, Y., Denis, P., Colin, R., Sauger, F., Matray, F., and Fondimare, A. (1970). Pr6sence d'alpha-l-foetoprot6ine chez l'adulte au cours d'une hepatite virale traitee par corticotherapie. Presse Midicale, 78, 1107-1108.","journal-title":"Presse Midicale"},{"key":"ref_69","first-page":"55","article-title":"Phylogeny and ontogeny in the evolution of AFP compared to the emergence of immunoglobulins","author":"Gitlin, D.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Gitlin, D. (1974). Phylogeny and ontogeny in the evolution of AFP compared to the emergence of immunoglobulins. In Alpha-fetoprotein ed. by R. Masseyeff, pp. 55-72. INSERM, Nice."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105486","article-title":"Serum alpha-fetoprotein, albumin and yG-globulin in the human conceptus","volume":"45","author":"Gitlin, D.andBoesman; M.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Gitlin,D. andBoesman, M. (1966). Serum alpha-fetoprotein, albumin and yG-globulin in the human conceptus. journal of Clinical Investigation, 45, 1826-1838.","journal-title":"journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105590","article-title":"Sites of serum alpha-fetoprotein synthesis in the human and in the rat","volume":"46","author":"Gitlin, D.; Boesman, M.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Gitlin, D. and Boesman, M. (1967a). Sites of serum alpha-fetoprotein synthesis in the human and in the rat. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 46, 1010-1016.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"ref_72","article-title":"Fetus specific serum proteins in several mammals and their relation to human alpha-protein","author":"Gitlin, D.; Boesman, M.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Gitlin, D. and Boesman, M. (1967b). Fetus specific serum proteins in several mammals and their relation to human alpha-protein."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2795(67)90411-4","article-title":"Synthesis of serum albumin, embryo-specific a-globulin and conalbumin by chick yolk sac","volume":"147","author":"Gitlin, D.; Kitzes, J.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Gitlin, D. and Kitzes, J. (1967). Synthesis of serum albumin, embryo-specific a-globulin and conalbumin by chick yolk sac. Biochimica Biophysica Acta, 147, 334-340.","journal-title":"Biochimica Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"ref_74","first-page":"228","article-title":"Synthesis of serum albumin, prealbumin, a-foetoprotein, ae-antitrypsin and transferrin by the human yolk sac","author":"Gitlin, D.; Perricelli, A.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Gitlin, D. and Perricelli, A. (1970). Synthesis of serum albumin, prealbumin, a-foetoprotein, ae-antitrypsin and transferrin by the human yolk sac. Nature, 228,995-997.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_75","first-page":"979","article-title":"Synthesis of afetoprotein by liver, yolk sac, and gastrointestinal tract of human conceptus","volume":"32","author":"Gidin, D.; Perricelli, A.; Gitlin, G.M.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Gidin, D., Perricelli, A. and Gitlin, G. M. (1972). Synthesis of afetoprotein by liver, yolk sac, and gastrointestinal tract of human conceptus. Cancer Research, 32, 979-982.","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"ref_76","first-page":"207","article-title":"Immunofluorescent study of alpha-fetoprotein in liver and liver tumours","volume":"7","author":"Goussev, A.I.; Engelhardt, N.V.; Masseyeff, R.; Camain, R.; Basteris, B.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Goussev, A. I., Engelhardt, N. V., Masseyeff, R., Camain, R., and Basteris, B. (1970). Immunofluorescent study of alpha-fetoprotein in liver and liver tumours. InternationalJournal ofCancer, 7, 207-217.","journal-title":"InternationalJournal ofCancer"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1038\/178794a0","article-title":"Identification of a new normal embryonic haemoglobin","volume":"178","author":"Halbrecht, I.; Klibanski, C.","year":"1956","unstructured":"Halbrecht, I. and Klibanski, C. (1956). Identification of a new normal embryonic haemoglobin. Nature, 178, 794-795.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_78","first-page":"429","article-title":"Comparison of amniotic-fluid and maternal serum-alpha-fetoprotein levels in the early antenatal diagnosis of spina bifida and anencephaly","volume":"1","author":"Harris, R.; Jennison, R.F.; Barson, A.J.; Laurence, K.M.; Ruoslahti, E.; Seppila, M.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Harris, R., Jennison, R. F., Barson, A. J., Laurence, K. M., Ruoslahti, E., and Seppila, M. (1974). Comparison of amniotic-fluid and maternal serum-alpha-fetoprotein levels in the early antenatal diagnosis of spina bifida and anencephaly. Lancet, 1, 429-433.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_79","first-page":"19","article-title":"Some chemical, experimental and clinical investigations of a-fetoprotein","volume":"14","author":"Hirai, H.; Nishi, S.; Watabe, H.; Tsukada, Y.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Hirai, H., Nishi, S., Watabe, H., and Tsukada, Y. (1973). Some chemical, experimental and clinical investigations of a-fetoprotein. In Alphafetoprotein and Hepatoma, ed. by H. Hirai and T. Miyagi. GANN Monograph on Cancer Research, vol. 14, pp. 19-33. University Press of Tokyo.","journal-title":"GANN Monograph on Cancer Research"},{"key":"ref_80","first-page":"209","article-title":"Untersuchungen uber Verwandtschaftsreaktionen zwischen embryonal und Krebsgewebe. II. Menschenembryo und Menschenkrebs","volume":"75","author":"Hirszfeld, L.; Halber, W.; Rosenblat, J.","year":"1932","unstructured":"Hirszfeld, L., Halber, W., and Rosenblat, J. (1932). Untersuchungen uber Verwandtschaftsreaktionen zwischen embryonal und Krebsgewebe. II. Menschenembryo und Menschenkrebs. ZeitschriftfUr Immunitatsforschung und Experimentelle Therapie, 75, 209-216.","journal-title":"ZeitschriftfUr Immunitatsforschung und Experimentelle Therapie"},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"1035","article-title":"Alpha feto-protein in monkeys with hepatoma","volume":"42","author":"Hull, E.W.; Carbone, P.P.; Gitlin, D.; O'Gara, R.W.; Kelly, M.G.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Hull, E. W., Carbone, P. P., Gitlin, D., O'Gara, R. W., and Kelly, M. G. (1969a). Alpha feto-protein in monkeys with hepatoma. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 42, 1035-1044.","journal-title":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"key":"ref_82","first-page":"779","article-title":"Serum alpha-fetoprotein in U. S","volume":"1","author":"Hull, E.W.; Carbone, P.P.; Moertel, C.G.; O'Conor, G.T.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Hull, E. W., Carbone, P. P., Moertel, C. G., and O'Conor, G. T. (1970). Serum alpha-fetoprotein in U.S.A. Lancet, 1, 779-780.","journal-title":"A. Lancet"},{"key":"ref_83","first-page":"403","article-title":"Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in cancer patients","volume":"17","author":"Hull, E.; Moertel, C.; Carbone, P.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Hull, E., Moertel, C., and Carbone, P. (1969b). Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in cancer patients. Clinical Research, 17, 403.","journal-title":"Clinical Research"},{"key":"ref_84","first-page":"317","article-title":"Serum alpha fetoprotein in American patients. In Embryonic and Fetal Antigens","volume-title":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.","volume":"2","author":"Hull, E.W.; McIntire, K.R.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Hull, E. W. and McIntire, K. R. (1972). Serum alpha fetoprotein in American patients. In Embryonic and Fetal Antigens in Cancer, ed. by N. G. Anderson, J. H. Coggin, E. Cole, and J. W. Holleman, vol. 2, pp. 317-320. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(73)80116-7","article-title":"Influence of gestational age on serum levels of alpha-i fetoprotein, IgG globulin, and albumin in newborn infants","volume":"82","author":"Hyvarinen, M.; Zeltzer, P.; Oh, W.; Stiehm, E.R.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Hyvarinen, M., Zeltzer, P., Oh, W., and Stiehm, E. R. (1973). Influence of gestational age on serum levels of alpha-i fetoprotein, IgG globulin, and albumin in newborn infants. Journal of Pediatrics, 82, 430-437.","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"133139","article-title":"Postnatal changes of alpha-fetoprotein, albumin and total protein in human serum","volume":"61","author":"Karlsson, B.W.; Bergstrand, C.G.; Ekelund, H.; Lindberg, T.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Karlsson, B. W., Bergstrand, C. G., Ekelund, H., and Lindberg, T. (1972). Postnatal changes of alpha-fetoprotein, albumin and total protein in human serum. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 61, 133139.","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"ref_87","first-page":"80","article-title":"Relation of alphafetoprotein in acute hepatitis to severity and prognosis","author":"Karvountzis, G.G.; Redeker, A.G.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Karvountzis, G. G. and Redeker, A. G. (1974). Relation of alphafetoprotein in acute hepatitis to severity and prognosis. Annals of Internal Medicine, 80,156-160.","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910080209","article-title":"Perfusion of isolated human fetal liver, synthesis and release of a-fetoprotein and albumin","volume":"8","author":"Kekomaiki, M.; Seppiila, M.; Ehnholm, C.C.; Schwartz, A.L.; Raivio, K.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Kekomaiki, M., Seppiila, M., Ehnholm, C. C., Schwartz, A. L., and Raivio, K. (1971). Perfusion of isolated human fetal liver, synthesis and release of a-fetoprotein and albumin. International Journal of Cancer, 8, 250-258.","journal-title":"International Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"ref_89","article-title":"Fetuin and bovine'fetoprotein: A comparison. In Embryonic and Fetal Antigens","author":"Kithier, K.; Al-Sarraf, M.; Poulik, M.D.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Kithier, K., Al-Sarraf, M., and Poulik, M. D. (1972). Fetuin and bovine'fetoprotein: A comparison. In Embryonic and Fetal Antigens in Cancer, ed. by N. G. Anderson, J. H. Coggin, E. Cole, and"},{"key":"ref_90","first-page":"351","volume-title":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.","volume":"2","author":"Holleman, J.W.","unstructured":"J. W. Holleman, vol. 2, pp. 351-354. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee."},{"issue":"414","key":"ref_91","article-title":"Occurrence of a specific foetal protein in a primary liver carcinoma","volume":"212","author":"Kithier, K.; Houstek, J.; Masopust, J.; Radl, J.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Kithier, K., Houstek, J., Masopust, J., and Radl, J. (1966). Occurrence of a specific foetal protein in a primary liver carcinoma. Nature, 212,414.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2795(68)90077-9","article-title":"Fetal alpha-globulin of bovine serum differing from fetuin","volume":"160","author":"Kithier, K.; Masopust, J.; Rhdl, J.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Kithier, K., Masopust, J., and Rhdl, J. (1968). Fetal alpha-globulin of bovine serum differing from fetuin. Biochimica Biophysica Acta, 160, 135-137.","journal-title":"Biochimica Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.23.8.733","article-title":"Method for the detection and identification of alpha fetoprotein in serum","volume":"23","author":"Kohn, J.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Kohn, J. (1970). Method for the detection and identification of alpha fetoprotein in serum. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 23, 733-735.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"ref_94","first-page":"1178","article-title":"Serum alpha-fetoprotein in Indonesia","volume":"1","author":"Kresno, S.B.; Gandasoebrata, R.; Rumke, P.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Kresno, S. B., Gandasoebrata, R., and Rumke, P. (1970). Serum alpha-fetoprotein in Indonesia. Lancet, 1, 1178.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_95","first-page":"243","article-title":"Serum alpha-fetoprotein in patients with hepatoma from Djakarta","volume":"18","author":"Kresno, S.B.; Gandasoebrata, R.; Rtimke, P.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Kresno, S. B., Gandasoebrata, R., and Rtimke, P. (1971). Serum alpha-fetoprotein in patients with hepatoma from Djakarta. Protides of the Biological Fluids, 18, 243-245.","journal-title":"Protides of the Biological Fluids"},{"key":"ref_96","first-page":"1526","article-title":"Early appearance of serum a-fetoprotein during hepatocarcinogenesis as a function of age of rats and extent of treatment with 3'-methyl-4dimethylaminoazobenzene","volume":"32","author":"Kroes, R.; Williams, G.; Weisburger, J.H.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Kroes, R., Williams, G., and Weisburger, J. H. (1972). Early appearance of serum a-fetoprotein during hepatocarcinogenesis as a function of age of rats and extent of treatment with 3'-methyl-4dimethylaminoazobenzene. Cancer Research, 32, 1526-1532.","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(72)90418-4","article-title":"Human a1-fetoglobulin during the last trimester of gestation","volume":"37","author":"Lardinois, R.; Anaghostakis, A.; Oritz, M.A.; Delisle, M.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Lardinois, R., Anaghostakis, A., Oritz, M. A., and Delisle, M. (1972). Human a1-fetoglobulin during the last trimester of gestation. Clinica Chimica Acta, 37, 81-90.","journal-title":"Clinica Chimica Acta"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(66)90246-6","article-title":"Quantitative estimation of proteins by electrophoresis in agarose gel containing antibodies","volume":"15","author":"Laurell, C.B.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Laurell, C. B. (1966). Quantitative estimation of proteins by electrophoresis in agarose gel containing antibodies. Analytical Biochemistry, 15, 45-52.","journal-title":"Analytical Biochemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref_99","first-page":"223","article-title":"Primary cancer of the liver. Quadrennial review","volume":"5","author":"Lin, T.-Y.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Lin, T.-Y. (1970). Primary cancer of the liver. Quadrennial review. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 5, Suppl. 6, 223-241.","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_100","first-page":"113","article-title":"Quantitative immunologische Bestimmung des Alpha-1-Fetoproteins in Serum reifer und unreifer Neugeborener sowie im Serum von Sauiglingen und Kindern. Zeitschriftfir Kinderheilkunde","author":"Marklein, G.; Rings, M.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Marklein, G. and Rings, M. (1972). Quantitative immunologische Bestimmung des Alpha-1-Fetoproteins in Serum reifer und unreifer Neugeborener sowie im Serum von Sauiglingen und Kindern. Zeitschriftfir Kinderheilkunde, 113,327-335."},{"key":"ref_101","first-page":"183","article-title":"Biochemistry of cancer cells: focus on the cell surface","author":"Marx, J.L.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Marx, J. L. (1974). Biochemistry of cancer cells: focus on the cell surface. Science, 183,1279-1282.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_102","first-page":"364","article-title":"Occurrence of fetoprotein in patients with neoplasms and non-neoplastic diseases","volume":"3","author":"Masopust, J.; Kithier, K.; RAdl, J.; Koutecky, J.; KotAl, L.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Masopust, J., Kithier, K., RAdl, J., Koutecky, J., and KotAl, L. (1968). Occurrence of fetoprotein in patients with neoplasms and non-neoplastic diseases. InternationalJournal of Cancer, 3, 364-373.","journal-title":"InternationalJournal of Cancer"},{"key":"ref_103","first-page":"138","article-title":"Fetoprotein immunochemical behaviour of an autonomous fetal component in sera from human fetuses","volume":"204","author":"Masopust, J.; Kotal, L.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Masopust, J. and Kotal, L. (1965). Fetoprotein immunochemical behaviour of an autonomous fetal component in sera from human fetuses. Annales Paediatrici, 204, 138-140.","journal-title":"Annales Paediatrici"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-016622-3.50044-X","article-title":"Occurrence of a1foetoprotein in some infants suffering hepatopathy","volume":"18","author":"Masopust, J.; Radl, J.; Houstek, J.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Masopust, J., Radl, J., and Houstek, J. (1971a). Occurrence of a1foetoprotein in some infants suffering hepatopathy. Protides of the Biological Fluids, 18, 239-242.","journal-title":"Protides of the Biological Fluids"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-016622-3.50008-6","article-title":"Some physicochemical characteristics of human a1 fetoprotein","volume":"18","author":"Masopust, J.; Tomasova, H.; Kotal, L.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Masopust, J., Tomasova, H., and Kotal, L. (1971b). Some physicochemical characteristics of human a1 fetoprotein. Protides of the Biological Fluids, 18, 37-42.","journal-title":"Protides of the Biological Fluids"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-016622-3.50012-8","article-title":"Fetoproteins in different species of mammals","volume":"18","author":"Masopust, J.; Zizkovsky, V.; Kithier, K.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Masopust, J., Zizkovsky, V., and Kithier, K. (1971c). Fetoproteins in different species of mammals. Protides of the Biological Fluids, 18, 63-74.","journal-title":"Protides of the Biological Fluids"},{"key":"ref_107","first-page":"703","article-title":"Human alpha-feto-protein","volume":"20","author":"Masseyeff, R.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Masseyeff, R. (1972). Human alpha-feto-protein. Pathologie et Biologie, 20, 703-725.","journal-title":"Pathologie et Biologie"},{"key":"ref_108","first-page":"3","article-title":"Factors of alpha-feto-protein biosynthesis in man","author":"Masseyeff, R.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Masseyeff, R. (1973). Factors of alpha-feto-protein biosynthesis in man. Ricerca, 3,27-39.","journal-title":"Ricerca"},{"key":"ref_109","first-page":"313","article-title":"Evolution en fonction de l'age du taux s6rique physiologique de l'alpha-foetoproteine chez l'homme et le rat","author":"Masseyeff, R.; Gilli, G.; Krebs, B.; Boner, C.; Zrihen, H.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Masseyeff, R., Gilli, G., Krebs, B., Boner, C., and Zrihen, H. (1974). Evolution en fonction de l'age du taux s6rique physiologique de l'alpha-foetoproteine chez l'homme et le rat. In Alpha-fetoprotein, ed. by R. Masseyeff, pp. 313-322. INSERM, Nice."},{"key":"ref_110","first-page":"537548","article-title":"Valeur de la recherche de l'alpha-l-foetoproteine serique pour le diagnostic du cancer primitif du foie. Bulletin de la Societe Me'dicale d'Afrique Noire de Langue","volume":"13","author":"Masseyeff, R.; Sankale, M.; Onde, M.; Menye, A.; Camain, R.; Quenum, C.; Maydat, L.; Mattern, P.; Ancelle, P.; Leblanc, L.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Masseyeff, R., Sankale, M., Onde, M., Menye, A., Camain, R., Quenum, C., Maydat, L., Mattern, P., Ancelle, P., and Leblanc, L. (1968). Valeur de la recherche de l'alpha-l-foetoproteine serique pour le diagnostic du cancer primitif du foie. Bulletin de la Societe Me'dicale d'Afrique Noire de Langue Fran!aise, 13, 537548.","journal-title":"Fran!aise"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(70)91768-X","article-title":"Influence of age on alpha-fetoprotein incidence","volume":"1","author":"Mawas, C.; Buffe, D.; Burtin, P.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Mawas, C., Buffe, D., and Burtin, P. (1970). Influence of age on alpha-fetoprotein incidence. Lancet, 1, 1292.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_112","first-page":"430","article-title":"Alpha-1-fetoprotein and children's cancer","volume":"16","author":"Mawas, C.; Buffe, D.; Schweisguth, O.; Burtin, P.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Mawas, C., Buffe, D., Schweisguth, O., and Burtin, P. (1971). Alpha-1-fetoprotein and children's cancer. Revue Europeenne d'Etudes Cliniques et Biologiques, 16, 430-435.","journal-title":"Revue Europeenne d'Etudes Cliniques et Biologiques"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910040110","article-title":"Serum alpha-1-fetoprotein in children with malignant ovarian or testicular teratomas. Preliminary results","volume":"4","author":"Mawas, C.; Kohen, M.; Lemerle, J.; Buffe, D.; Schweisguth, O.; Burtin, P.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Mawas, C., Kohen, M., Lemerle, J., Buffe, D., Schweisguth, O., and Burtin, P. (1969). Serum alpha-1-fetoprotein in children with malignant ovarian or testicular teratomas. Preliminary results. International Journal of Cancer, 4, 76-79.","journal-title":"International Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"ref_114","first-page":"517","article-title":"etude immunologique des proteines seriques foetales humaines","volume":"16","author":"Muralt, G.de; Roulet, D.L.A.","year":"1961","unstructured":"Muralt, G. de and Roulet, D. L. A. (1961). etude immunologique des proteines seriques foetales humaines. Helvetica Paediatrica Acta, 16, 517-533.","journal-title":"Helvetica Paediatrica Acta"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.141.2.269","article-title":"Suppression of the immune response by a-fetoprotein. I. The effect of mouse afetoprotein on the primary and secondary antibody response","volume":"141","author":"Murgita, R.A.; Tomasi, T.B.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Murgita, R. A. and Tomasi, T. B. (1975a). Suppression of the immune response by a-fetoprotein. I. The effect of mouse afetoprotein on the primary and secondary antibody response. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 141, 269-286.","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"ref_116","first-page":"440","article-title":"Suppression of the immune response by a-fetoprotein. II. The effect of mouse afetoprotein on mixed lymphocyte reactivity and mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation","volume":"141","author":"Murgita, R.A.; Tomasi, T.B.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Murgita, R. A. and Tomasi, T. B. (1975b). Suppression of the immune response by a-fetoprotein. II. The effect of mouse afetoprotein on mixed lymphocyte reactivity and mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation. Journal of Experimental Medicine., 141, 440-452.","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910080110","article-title":"Antigenes cellulaires, transitoires du foie de rat. I. secretion et synthese des proteines seriques foeto-specifiques au cours du developpement et de la regeneration h6patiques","volume":"8","author":"Nechaud, B.de; Uriel, J.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Nechaud, B. de and Uriel, J. (1971). Antigenes cellulaires, transitoires du foie de rat. I. secretion et synthese des proteines seriques foeto-specifiques au cours du developpement et de la regeneration h6patiques. International Journal of Cancer, 8, 71-","journal-title":"International Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"ref_118","first-page":"\"104","article-title":"Antigenes cellulaires transitoires du foie de rat. III. Mode de reapparition de l'a-fetoproteine au cours de l'hepatocarcinogenese chimique","volume":"11","author":"Nechaud, B.de; Uriel, J.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Nechaud, B. de and Uriel, J. (1973). Antigenes cellulaires transitoires du foie de rat. III. Mode de reapparition de l'a-fetoproteine au cours de l'hepatocarcinogenese chimique. International Journal of Cancer, 11, 104-115. Nechaud, B. de, Economopoulos, P., and Uriel, J. (1969). Frequence d'apparition des foetoproteines dans le serum de malades atteints d'hepatopathies diverse. Presse Medicale, 77, 1945-1947.","journal-title":"International Journal of Cancer; Frequence d'apparition des foetoproteines dans le serum de malades atteints d'hepatopathies diverse"},{"key":"ref_119","first-page":"1383","article-title":"Myelocele and alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid","volume":"1","author":"Nevin, N.C.; Nesbitt, S.; Thompson, W.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Nevin, N. C., Nesbitt, S., and Thompson, W. (1973). Myelocele and alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid. Lancet, 1, 1383.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_120","first-page":"2507","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of a human fetal a-globulin from the sera of fetuses and a hepatoma patient","volume":"30","author":"Nishi, S.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Nishi, S. (1970). Isolation and characterization of a human fetal a-globulin from the sera of fetuses and a hepatoma patient. Cancer Research, 30, 2507-2513.","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-016622-3.50009-8","article-title":"Purification and chemical characterization of human alpha-fetoprotein","volume":"18","author":"Nishi, S.; Hirai, H.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Nishi, S. and Hirai, H. (1971). Purification and chemical characterization of human alpha-fetoprotein. Protides of the Biological Fluids, 18, 43-47.","journal-title":"Protides of the Biological Fluids"},{"key":"ref_122","first-page":"79","article-title":"Radioimmunoassay of a-fetoprotein in hepatoma, other liver diseases and pregnancy","author":"Nishi, S.; Hirai, H.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Nishi, S. and Hirai, H. (1973). Radioimmunoassay of a-fetoprotein in hepatoma, other liver diseases and pregnancy. In Alphafetoprotein and hepatoma, ed. by H. Hirai and T. Miyaji, pp. 79-87."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.109.5.957","article-title":"Production of antibody to homologous a-fetoprotein in rabbits, rats and horses by immunization with human a-fetoprotein","volume":"109","author":"Nishi, S.; Watabe, H.; Hirai, H.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Nishi, S., Watabe, H. and Hirai, H. (1972). Production of antibody to homologous a-fetoprotein in rabbits, rats and horses by immunization with human a-fetoprotein. Journal of Immunology, 109, 957-960.","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(73)90207-6","article-title":"A high sensitive radioimmunoelectrophoretic quantitation of human a-fetoprotein","volume":"48","author":"N0rgaard-Pedersen, B.","year":"1973","unstructured":"N0rgaard-Pedersen, B. (1973). A high sensitive radioimmunoelectrophoretic quantitation of human a-fetoprotein. Clinica Chimica Acta, 48, 345-346.","journal-title":"Clinica Chimica Acta"},{"key":"ref_125","author":"O'Conor, G.T.; Tatarinov, Y.S.; Abelev, G.; Uriel, J.","year":"1970","unstructured":"O'Conor, G. T., Tatarinov, Y. S., Abelev, G., and Uriel, J. (1970)."},{"key":"ref_126","author":"Okon, E.Rosenmann; E., Dishorn; T.; Boss, J.H.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Okon, E. Rosenmann, E., Dishorn, T., and Boss, J. H. (1973)."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1973.44","article-title":"Excretion of alpha-foetoprotein in the urine of pregnant rats and hepatoma-bearing animals","volume":"27","unstructured":"Excretion of alpha-foetoprotein in the urine of pregnant rats and hepatoma-bearing animals. British Journal of Cancer, 27, 362-369.","journal-title":"British Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref_128","first-page":"102","article-title":"Detection of the embryonal alpha-globulin by the method of aggregate haemaglutination in the sera of patients with human cancer","volume":"68","author":"Olovnikov, A.M.; Tsvetkov, B.C.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Olovnikov, A. M. and Tsvetkov, B. C. (1969). Detection of the embryonal alpha-globulin by the method of aggregate haemaglutination in the sera of patients with human cancer. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 68 (12), 102-104.","journal-title":"Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/154575a0","article-title":"Fetuin, a new globulin isolated from serum","volume":"154","author":"Pedersen, K.","year":"1944","unstructured":"Pedersen, K. (1944). Fetuin, a new globulin isolated from serum. Nature, 154, 575.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_130","article-title":"Alphafetoprotein in sera of rats after partial hepatectomy","volume-title":"Biulleten","author":"Perova, S.D.; Elgort, D.A.; Abelev, G.I.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Perova, S. D., Elgort, D. A., and Abelev, G. I. (1971). Alphafetoprotein in sera of rats after partial hepatectomy. Biulleten"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910060308","article-title":"Serum alpha-fetoprotein and variant alkaline phosphatase in human hepato-cellular carcinoma","volume":"6","author":"Portugal, M.L.; Azevedo, M.S.; Manso, C.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Portugal, M. L., Azevedo, M. S., and Manso, C. (1970). Serum alpha-fetoprotein and variant alkaline phosphatase in human hepato-cellular carcinoma. International Journal of Cancer, 6, 383-387.","journal-title":"International Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"ref_132","first-page":"105","article-title":"The significance of tumour-distinctive histocompatibility antigens","author":"Prehn, R.T.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Prehn, R. T. (1967a). The significance of tumour-distinctive histocompatibility antigens. In Cross-reacting Antigens and Neoantigens, ed. by J. J. Trentin, pp. 105-117. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore."},{"key":"ref_133","first-page":"265","article-title":"Tumour antigens","author":"Prehn, R.T.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Prehn, R. T. (1967b). Tumour antigens. In Immunity, Cancer and Chemotherapy, ed. by E. Mihich, pp. 265-279. Academic Press, New York."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197006)25:6<1261::AID-CNCR2820250603>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Serum alpha-fetoprotein and primary cancer of liver in man","volume":"25","author":"Purves, L.R.; Bersohn, I.; Geddes, E.W.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Purves, L. R., Bersohn, I., and Geddes, E. W. (1970a). Serum alpha-fetoprotein and primary cancer of liver in man. Cancer, 25, 1261-1270.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_135","first-page":"590","article-title":"Serum alpha-fetoprotein. IV. Effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on serum alpha-fetoprotein levels in cases of primary liver cancer","volume":"44","author":"Purves, L.R.; Bersohn, I.; Geddes, E.W.; Falkson, G.; Cohen, L.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Purves, L. R., Bersohn, I., Geddes, E. W., Falkson, G., and Cohen, L. (1970b). Serum alpha-fetoprotein. IV. Effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on serum alpha-fetoprotein levels in cases of primary liver cancer. South African Medical Journal, 44, 590-594.","journal-title":"South African Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)91658-9","article-title":"Alphafetoprotein as a diagnostic aid","volume":"1","author":"Purves, L.R.; Branch, W.R.; Boes, E.G.M.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Purves, L. R., Branch, W. R., and Boes, E. G. M. (1973a). Alphafetoprotein as a diagnostic aid. Lancet, 1, 1007.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197303)31:3<578::AID-CNCR2820310313>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"Serum alpha-fetoprotein. VII. The range of apparent serum values in normal people, pregnant women and primary liver cancer high risk populations","volume":"31","author":"Purves, L.R.; Branch, W.R.; Geddes, E.W.; Manso, C.; Portugal, M.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Purves, L. R., Branch, W. R., Geddes, E. W., Manso, C., and Portugal, M. (1973b). Serum alpha-fetoprotein. VII. The range of apparent serum values in normal people, pregnant women and primary liver cancer high risk populations. Cancer, 31, 578-587.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_138","first-page":"1138","article-title":"Immuno-diffusion and immunoassay results in cases of primary cancer of liver","volume":"42","author":"Purves, L.R.; Macnab, M.; Bersohn, I.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Purves, L. R., Macnab, M., and Bersohn, I. (1968). Serum alphafetoprotein. I. Immuno-diffusion and immunoassay results in cases of primary cancer of liver. South African Medical journal, 42, 1138-1141.","journal-title":"South African Medical journal"},{"key":"ref_139","article-title":"An Introduction to Medical Genetics","author":"Roberts, J.A.F.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Roberts, J. A. F. (1970). An Introduction to Medical Genetics."},{"key":"ref_140","article-title":"Studies of carcino-fetal proteins. Physical and chemical properties of human alpha-feto-","author":"Ruoslahti, E.; Sepplia, M.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Ruoslahti, E. and Sepplia, M. (1971). Studies of carcino-fetal proteins. Physical and chemical properties of human alpha-feto-"},{"key":"ref_141","article-title":"Properties and occurrence of alpha fetoprotein in serum of healthy adults and patients with hepatitis and cancer of the liver. In Embryonic and Fetal Antigens","author":"M.","year":"1972","unstructured":"M. (1972). Properties and occurrence of alpha fetoprotein in serum of healthy adults and patients with hepatitis and cancer of the liver. In Embryonic and Fetal Antigens in Cancer, ed. by N. G. Anderson, J. H. Coggin, E. Cole, and J. W"},{"key":"ref_142","first-page":"345","volume-title":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee.","volume":"2","author":"Holleman","unstructured":"Holleman, vol. 2, pp. 345-349. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee."},{"key":"ref_143","article-title":"Levels of albumin, alphafetoprotein","volume-title":"and IgG in human fetal CSF. Archives of Disease in","author":"Seller, M.J.; Adinolfi, M.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Seller, M. J. and Adinolfi, M. (1975). Levels of albumin, alphafetoprotein and IgG in human fetal CSF. Archives of Disease in"},{"key":"ref_144","author":"Childhood","unstructured":"Childhood. (In press.)"},{"key":"ref_145","author":"Seller, M.J.; Campbell, S.; Coltart, T.M.; Singer, J.D.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Seller, M. J., Campbell, S., Coltart, T. M., and Singer,J. D. (1973)."},{"key":"ref_146","author":"Seller, M.J.; Singer, J.D.; Coltart, T.M.; Campbell, S.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Seller, M.J., Singer,J. D., Coltart, T. M., and Campbell,S. (1974)."},{"key":"ref_147","first-page":"206","article-title":"Alpha fetoprotein levels in women taking oral contraceptives","volume":"18","author":"Seppala, M.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Seppala, M. (1973a). Alpha fetoprotein levels in women taking oral contraceptives. International Journal of Fertility, 18, 206-208.","journal-title":"International Journal of Fertility"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-197310000-00023","article-title":"Increased alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid associated with congenital oesophageal atresia","volume":"42","author":"Sepplia, M.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Sepplia, M. (1973b). Increased alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid associated with congenital oesophageal atresia. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 42, 613-624.","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"ref_149","article-title":"Fetal pathophysiology of human alpha fetoprotein. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","author":"Seppalia, M.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Seppalia, M. (1975). Fetal pathophysiology of human alpha fetoprotein. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (In press.)"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(72)90117-2","article-title":"Radioimmunoassay of maternal serum alpha fetoprotein during pregnancy and delivery","volume":"112","author":"Sepplia, M.; Ruoslahti, E.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Sepplia, M. and Ruoslahti, E. (1972). Radioimmunoassay of maternal serum alpha fetoprotein during pregnancy and delivery. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 112, 208-212.","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1515\/jpme.1973.1.2.104","article-title":"Alpha fetoprotein: physiology and pathology during pregnancy and application to antenatal diagnosis","volume":"1","author":"Seppgia, M.; Ruoslahti, E.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Seppgia, M. and Ruoslahti, E. (1973a). Alpha fetoprotein: physiology and pathology during pregnancy and application to antenatal diagnosis. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 1, 104-113.","journal-title":"Journal of Perinatal Medicine"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(73)90087-2","article-title":"Alpha fetoprotein in matemal serum: a new marker for the detection of fetal distress and intrauterine death","volume":"115","author":"Sepplia, M.; Ruoslahti, E.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Sepplia, M. and Ruoslahti, E. (1973b). Alpha fetoprotein in matemal serum: a new marker for the detection of fetal distress and intrauterine death. American J7ournal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 115, 48-52.","journal-title":"American J7ournal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"ref_153","first-page":"16","article-title":"Studies on embryo-specific proteins. Physiological characteristics of embryospecific alpha-globulin","volume":"45","author":"Sepplia, M.; Tallberg, T.; Enholm, C.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Sepplia, M., Tallberg, T., and Enholm, C. (1967). Studies on embryo-specific proteins. Physiological characteristics of embryospecific alpha-globulin. Annales Medicinae Experimentalis et Biologiae Fenniae, 45, 16-19.","journal-title":"Annales Medicinae Experimentalis et Biologiae Fenniae"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)91052-6","article-title":"AFP and ataxia-telangiectasia","volume":"1","author":"Simons, M.J.; Hosking, C.S.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Simons, M. J. and Hosking, C. S. (1974). AFP and ataxia-telangiectasia. Lancet, 1, 1234.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2795(73)90218-3","article-title":"a1-Fetoprotein: separation of two molecular variants by affinity chromatography with concanavalin A-agarose","volume":"317","author":"Smith, C.J.; Kelleher, P.C.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Smith, C. J. and Kelleher, P. C. (1973). a1-Fetoprotein: separation of two molecular variants by affinity chromatography with concanavalin A-agarose. Biochimica Biophysica Acta, 317, 231-235.","journal-title":"Biochimica Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"ref_156","first-page":"8","article-title":"Occurrence of alpha-fetoprotein in acute viral hepatitis","author":"Smith, J.B.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Smith, J. B. (1971). Occurrence of alpha-fetoprotein in acute viral hepatitis. InternationalJ7ournal of Cancer, 8,421-424."},{"key":"ref_157","first-page":"97","article-title":"A comparison of the estrogen binding activity of rat and human AFP","author":"Swartz, S.K.; Soloff, M.S.; Suriano, R.R.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Swartz, S. K., Soloff, M. S. and Suriano, R. R. (1974). A comparison of the estrogen binding activity of rat and human AFP. In Alpha-fetoprotein, ed. by R. Masseyeff, pp. 97-108. INSERM, Nice."},{"key":"ref_158","first-page":"90","article-title":"Detection of embryospecific alphaglobulin in the blood sera of patients with primary liver tumour","volume":"10","author":"Tatarinov, Y.S.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Tatarinov, Y. S. (1964a). Detection of embryospecific alphaglobulin in the blood sera of patients with primary liver tumour. VoprosP Meditsinskoi Khimii, 10, 90-91.","journal-title":"VoprosP Meditsinskoi Khimii"},{"key":"ref_159","first-page":"584","article-title":"New data on the specific antigenic components of human blood serum","volume":"10","author":"Tatarinov, Y.S.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Tatarinov, Y. S. (1964b). New data on the specific antigenic components of human blood serum. VoprosyP Meditsinskol Khimit, 10, 584-587.","journal-title":"VoprosyP Meditsinskol Khimit"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/newbio244190a0","article-title":"Localization of rat liver a-foetoprotein by cell affinity labelling with tritiated oestrogens","volume":"244","author":"Uriel, J.; Aussel, C.; Bouillon, D.; Nechaud, B.de; Loisillier, F.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Uriel, J., Aussel, C., Bouillon, D., Nechaud, B. de, and Loisillier, F. (1973). Localization of rat liver a-foetoprotein by cell affinity labelling with tritiated oestrogens. Nature New Biology, 244, 190-192.","journal-title":"Nature New Biology"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(72)80098-6","article-title":"Estrogenbinding properties of rat, mouse and man fetospecific serum proteins. Demonstration by immuno-autoradiographic methods","volume":"46","author":"Uriel, J.; Nechaud, B.de; Dupiers, M.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Uriel, J., Nechaud, B. de, and Dupiers, M. (1972). Estrogenbinding properties of rat, mouse and man fetospecific serum proteins. Demonstration by immuno-autoradiographic methods. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 46, 1175-1180.","journal-title":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications"},{"key":"ref_162","first-page":"75","article-title":"Antigenes embryonnaires et cancer du foie chezl'Homme. Association de l'alpha-foetoproteine serique avec l'hepatome primarie","volume":"265","author":"Uriel, J.; Nechaud, B.de; Stanislawski Birencwajg, M.; Masseyeff, R.; Leblanc, L.; Quenum, C.; Loisillier, F.; Grabar, P.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Uriel, J., Nechaud, B. de, Stanislawski Birencwajg, M., Masseyeff, R., Leblanc, L., Quenum, C., Loisillier, F., and Grabar, P. (1967). Antigenes embryonnaires et cancer du foie chezl'Homme. Association de l'alpha-foetoproteine serique avec l'hepatome primarie. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 265, 75-78.","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences"},{"key":"ref_163","first-page":"1415","article-title":"Le diagnostic du cancer primaire du foie par des methodes immunologiques","volume":"76","author":"Uriel, J.; Nechaud, B.de; Stanislawski Birencwajg, M.; Masseyeff, R.; Leblanc, L.; Quenum, C.; Loisillier, F.; Grabar, P.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Uriel, J., Nechaud, B. de, Stanislawski Birencwajg, M., Masseyeff, R., Leblanc, L., Quenum, C., Loisillier, F., and Grabar, P. (1968). Le diagnostic du cancer primaire du foie par des methodes immunologiques. Presse Medicale, 76, 1415-1417.","journal-title":"Presse Medicale"},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5959.651","article-title":"Maternal serum a-fetoprotein levels in multiple pregnancy","volume":"1","author":"Wald, N.; Barker, S.; Peto, R.; Brock, D.J.H.; Bonnar, J.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Wald, N., Barker, S., Peto, R., Brock, D. J. H. and Bonnar, J. (1975). Maternal serum a-fetoprotein levels in multiple pregnancy. British MedicalJournal, 1, 651-652.","journal-title":"British MedicalJournal"},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)92838-4","article-title":"Prenatal diagnosis of spina bifida and anencephaly by maternal serum-alphafetoprotein measurement","volume":"1","author":"Wald, N.J.; Brock, D.J.H.; Bonnar, J.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Wald, N. J., Brock, D. J. H., and Bonnar, J. (1974). Prenatal diagnosis of spina bifida and anencephaly by maternal serum-alphafetoprotein measurement. Lancet, 1, 765-767.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)92717-1","article-title":"Serum-alpha-fetoprotein levels in patients with ataxia-telengiectasia","volume":"2","author":"Waldmann, T.A.; McIntire, K.R.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Waldmann, T. A. and McIntire, K. R. (1972). Serum-alpha-fetoprotein levels in patients with ataxia-telengiectasia. Lancet, 2, 1112-1115.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)91717-6","article-title":"False-positive results in antenatal diagnosis of neural-tube disorders","volume":"2","author":"Ward, A.M.; Stewart, C.R.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Ward, A. M. and Stewart, C. R. (1974). False-positive results in antenatal diagnosis of neural-tube disorders. Lancet, 2, 345-346.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(69)90134-X","article-title":"Variant alkaline phosphatase in human hepato cellular cancers","volume":"24","author":"Warnock, M.L.; Reisman, R.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Warnock, M. L. and Reisman, R. (1969). Variant alkaline phosphatase in human hepato cellular cancers. Clinica Chimica Acta, 24, 5-11.","journal-title":"Clinica Chimica Acta"},{"key":"ref_169","first-page":"1192","article-title":"Early appearance of embryonic a-globulin in rat serum during carcinogenesis with 4-dimethyl-aminoazobenzene","volume":"31","author":"Watabe, H.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Watabe, H. (1971). Early appearance of embryonic a-globulin in rat serum during carcinogenesis with 4-dimethyl-aminoazobenzene. Cancer Research, 31, 1192-1194.","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"ref_170","first-page":"373","article-title":"Differentiation between neonatal hepatitis and biliary atresia by measuring serum-alpha-fetoprotein","volume":"1","author":"Zelter, P.M.; Neerhout, R.C.; Fonkalsrud, E.W.; Stiehm, E.R.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Zelter, P. M., Neerhout, R. C., Fonkalsrud, E. W., and Stiehm, E. R. (1974). Differentiation between neonatal hepatitis and biliary atresia by measuring serum-alpha-fetoprotein. Lancet, 1, 373-375.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_171","first-page":"807","article-title":"Sialyltransferase: regulation of a-fetoprotein microheterogeneity during development","volume":"134","author":"Zimmerman, E.F.; Madappally, M.M.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Zimmerman, E. F. and Madappally, M. M. (1973). Sialyltransferase: regulation of a-fetoprotein microheterogeneity during development. BiochemicalJournal, 134, 807-810.","journal-title":"BiochemicalJournal"},{"key":"ref_172","first-page":"125","article-title":"The detection of specific fetal proteins in thirteen mammalian species","author":"Zizkovsky, V.; Masopust, J.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Zizkovsky, V. and Masopust, J. (1974). The detection of specific fetal proteins in thirteen mammalian species. In Alpha-fetoprotein, ed. by R. Masseyeff, pp. 125-137. INSERM, Nice."}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.12.2.138","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T17:16:54Z","timestamp":1760721414000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmg.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.12.2.138"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1975,6]]},"references-count":172,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1975,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1975,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jmg.12.2.138"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jmg.12.2.138","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2593","1468-6244"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2593","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-6244","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1975,6]]}}}