{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T00:22:05Z","timestamp":1760833325487,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Genet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1976,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Scalp hair patterns have been examined in 1901 healthy subjects and 1789 severely subnormal patients. Patients with Down's syndrome had a highly significant excess of midline occipital whorls and a deficit of right-sided occipital whorls. Five out of 44 patients with microcephaly had a distinct 'up-sweep' of the frontal hair, a much lower proportion than found previously. Patients with unspecified mental subnormality had a highly significant deficit of multiple occipital whorls. Cutis verticis gyrata was noted incidentally in 15 subnormal patients, 13 of whom were males. Observation of hair patterns in individual patients with mental subnormality is of theoretical interest but is unlikely to be of great practical value.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.13.2.123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T14:50:51Z","timestamp":1226328651000},"page":"123-126","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Scalp hair patterns in mental subnormality."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"T J","family":"David","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C M","family":"Osborne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1976,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","article-title":"Cited by Kloepfer","author":"Bernstein, F.","year":"1925","unstructured":"Bernstein, F. (1925). Cited by Kloepfer (1946-48)."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a102632","article-title":"The inheritance of 'double crown'","volume":"16","author":"Brewster, E.T.","year":"1925","unstructured":"Brewster, E. T. (1925). The inheritance of 'double crown'. Journal of Heredity, 16, 345-346.","journal-title":"Journal of Heredity"},{"key":"ref_3","article-title":"The inheritance of crown and nape patterns in human scalp hair. Project which appeared on BBC television 'Young Scientists of the Year'","author":"Charlton, J.; Johnson, S.; Lomax, K.; Pritchard, C.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Charlton, J., Johnson, S., Lomax, K., and Pritchard, C. (1972). The inheritance of crown and nape patterns in human scalp hair. Project which appeared on BBC television 'Young Scientists of the Year' (unpublished)."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a105767","article-title":"Frontal hair direction in mentally deficient individuals","volume":"39","author":"Kiil, V.","year":"1948","unstructured":"Kiil, V. (1948). Frontal hair direction in mentally deficient individuals. Journal of Heredity, 39, 281-285.","journal-title":"Journal of Heredity"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"13","article-title":"An investigation of 171 possible linkage relationships in man","author":"Kloepfer, H.W.","year":"1946","unstructured":"Kloepfer, H. W. (1946-48). An investigation of 171 possible linkage relationships in man. Annals of Eugenics, 13-14,35-71.","journal-title":"Annals of Eugenics"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/10.6.525","article-title":"Studies in twin resemblance","volume":"10","author":"Lauterbach, C.E.","year":"1925","unstructured":"Lauterbach, C. E. (1925). Studies in twin resemblance. Genetics, 10, 525-568.","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a102812","article-title":"Variation in whorl of the head hair","volume":"18","author":"Lauterbach, C.E.; Knight, J.B.","year":"1927","unstructured":"Lauterbach, C. E. and Knight, J. B. (1927). Variation in whorl of the head hair. Journal of Heredity, 18, 107-115.","journal-title":"Journal of Heredity"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"450","article-title":"All 44 patients with microcephaly had an occipital whorl. A pronounced 'upsweep' of the hair in the frontal area was noted in five cases, a feature that was said to be present in most of Smith and Gong's patients. Whether scalp hair patterns will be of practical use in microcephaly remains to be seen. The patients with unspecified mental subnormality provided some unexpected results. The differences in location of single patterns between healthy subjects and patients just reached significance in the males but did not quite do so in the females","volume":"12","author":"MacGillivray, R.C.","year":"1967","unstructured":"All 44 patients with microcephaly had an occipital whorl. A pronounced 'upsweep' of the hair in the frontal area was noted in five cases, a feature that was said to be present in most of Smith and Gong's patients. Whether scalp hair patterns will be of practical use in microcephaly remains to be seen. The patients with unspecified mental subnormality provided some unexpected results. The differences in location of single patterns between healthy subjects and patients just reached significance in the males but did not quite do so in the females. In view of the variation of this feature in MacGillivray, R. C. (1967). Cutis verticis gyrata and mental retardation. Scottish Medical-Journal, 12, 450-454.","journal-title":"view of the variation of this feature in; Scottish Medical-Journal; Cutis verticis gyrata and mental retardation"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1974.tb02742.x","article-title":"Cutis verticis gyrata and the Lennox syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Paulson, G.W.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Paulson, G. W. (1974). Cutis verticis gyrata and the Lennox syndrome. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 16, 196-200.","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1159\/000103794","article-title":"Cutis verticis gyrata (CVG)","volume":"28","author":"Paulson, G.; Dudley, A.W.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Paulson, G. and Dudley, A. W. (1966). Cutis verticis gyrata (CVG). Confinia Neurologica, 28, 432-442.","journal-title":"Confinia Neurologica"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"443","article-title":"Genetic studies of monozygotic twins","volume":"24","author":"Rife, D.C.","year":"1933","unstructured":"Rife, D. C. (1933). Genetic studies of monozygotic twins. III. Mirror-imaging. Journal of Heredity, 24, 443-446.","journal-title":"III. Mirror-imaging. Journal of Heredity"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(73)80258-6","article-title":"Scalp hair patterning as a clue to early fetal brain development","volume":"83","author":"Smith, D.W.; Gong, B.T.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Smith, D. W. and Gong, B. T. (1973). Scalp hair patterning as a clue to early fetal brain development. Journal of Pediatrics, 83, 374-380.","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420090105","article-title":"Scalp-hair patterning: its origin and significance relative to early brain and upper facial development","volume":"9","author":"Smith, D.W.; Gong, B.T.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Smith, D. W. and Gong, B. T. (1974). Scalp-hair patterning: its origin and significance relative to early brain and upper facial development. Teratology, 9, 17-34.","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"1192","author":"Warkany, J.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Warkany, J. (1971). Congenital Malformations, pp. 1192-1193. Year Book Medical Publications, Chicago.","journal-title":"Congenital Malformations"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.13.2.123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T08:15:57Z","timestamp":1760775357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmg.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.13.2.123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1976,4]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1976,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1976,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jmg.13.2.123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jmg.13.2.123","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2593","1468-6244"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0022-2593"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-6244"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1976,4]]}}}