{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T00:32:35Z","timestamp":1760747555387,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Genet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1977,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A case of an inherited chromosome no. 15 with two centromeres and two satellite regions is described and its origin postulated. The chromosome appears to have no clinical significance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.14.5.381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T14:50:51Z","timestamp":1226328651000},"page":"381-383","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A dicentric no. 15 chromosome with two satellite regions."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"E J","family":"Watson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J B","family":"Scrimgeour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1977,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2660(08)60426-5","article-title":"Position effect variegation","volume":"14","author":"Baker, W.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Baker, W. (1968). Position effect variegation. Advances in Genetics, 14, 133.","journal-title":"Advances in Genetics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(73)80132-5","article-title":"A Y-autosome translocation 46, X, t(Yq-: 7q+) associated with multiple congenital anomalies","volume":"82","author":"Develing, A.J.; Conte, F.A.; Epstein, C.J.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Develing, A. J., Conte, F. A., and Epstein, C. J. (1973). A Y-autosome translocation 46, X,t(Yq-: 7q+) associated with multiple congenital anomalies. Journal of Pediatrics, 82, 495-498.","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"x","article-title":"Cytogenetic studies The amniotic fluid was cultured on 6 x 22 mm coverslips in 5 cm petri dishes (7 to each of 2 dishes). The first harvest of 4 coverslips made after 11 days was Gbanded with trypsin. Analysis revealed an abnormal no. 15 chromosome which appeared to have extra -material containing a centromere added on to the short arms (Fig. la). No other abnormalities were, detected. Further coverslips were harvested two days later, some stained with Giemsa and some Cbanded with barium hydroxide and 2","volume-title":"C-banding disclosed two regions of centromeric heterochromatin, one being at a constriction and one which appeared as two separate dots","author":"C, S.S.","unstructured":"Cytogenetic studies The amniotic fluid was cultured on 6 x 22 mm coverslips in 5 cm petri dishes (7 to each of 2 dishes). The first harvest of 4 coverslips made after 11 days was Gbanded with trypsin. Analysis revealed an abnormal no. 15 chromosome which appeared to have extra -material containing a centromere added on to the short arms (Fig. la). No other abnormalities were,detected. Further coverslips were harvested two days later, some stained with Giemsa and some Cbanded with barium hydroxide and 2 x S.S.C. C-banding disclosed two regions of centromeric heterochromatin, one being at a constriction and one which appeared as two separate dots (Fig. 1 b). Studies of satellite association patterns showed the presence of two sets of satellite material, one between -the two centromeric regions and one terminal (Fig. Ic and d)."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Since the abnormal chromosome was first encountered in an amniotic fluid, its clinical significance could not immediately be ascertained. G-banding, C-banding, and satellite association studies indicated that the material added on to the end ofthe short arms of the no. 15 chromosome contained the short arms and centromere of an acrocentric chromosome. However, it was not known if any long arm material was also present. As the abnormal chromosome was later found in the clinically normal mother, the additional material is probably just centromere and short arm material.","article-title":"Since the abnormal chromosome was first encountered in an amniotic fluid, its clinical significance could not immediately be ascertained. G-banding, C-banding, and satellite association studies indicated that the material added on to the end ofthe short arms of the no. 15 chromosome contained the short arms and centromere of an acrocentric chromosome. However, it was not known if any long arm material was also present. As the abnormal chromosome was later found in the clinically normal mother, the additional material is probably just centromere and short arm material"},{"key":"ref_5","article-title":"The abnormal chromosome appears to be stable. The lower centromere divides prematurely as indicated by the presence of two distinct spots with C-banding (Fig. Ib) and by the monocentric appearance of the chromosome with conventional Giemsa staining (Fig. lc and d). It is, therefore, inactive at metaphase. This early division of one centromere has been reported for other dicentrics and explains their stability through cell division","author":"true","year":"1972","unstructured":"The abnormal chromosome appears to be stable. The lower centromere divides prematurely as indicated by the presence of two distinct spots with C-banding (Fig. Ib) and by the monocentric appearance of the chromosome with conventional Giemsa staining (Fig. lc and d). It is, therefore, inactive at metaphase. This early division of one centromere has been reported for other dicentrics and explains their stability through cell division (Niebuhr, 1972b; Warburton et al., 1973; de la Chapelle and Stenstrand, 1974; Daniel and Lam-potang, 1976; Howell et al., 1976).","journal-title":"de la Chapelle and Stenstrand; et al; Daniel and Lam-potang"},{"key":"ref_6","article-title":"Giemsa staining shows a pale region underneath the centromeric constriction. This was confirmed by association studies to be satellite material (Fig. 1c). Associations were also seen between the region above the active centromere and other acrocentric chromosomes (Fig. ld)","year":"1973","unstructured":"Giemsa staining shows a pale region underneath the centromeric constriction. This was confirmed by association studies to be satellite material (Fig. 1c). Associations were also seen between the region above the active centromere and other acrocentric chromosomes (Fig. ld). Warburton et al. (1973) have also reported a case of a dicentric chromosome with intercalary satellite material which underwent associations. The inclusion of satellite material within a chromosome as opposed to being terminal does not seem to prevent its activity as a nucleolar organizer.","journal-title":"Warburton et al; have also reported a case of a dicentric chromosome with intercalary satellite material which underwent associations. The inclusion of satellite material within a chromosome as opposed to being terminal does not seem to prevent its activity as a nucleolar organizer"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.10.1.74","article-title":"Human dicentric Y chromosomes","volume":"10","author":"Aceto, T.A.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Aceto, T. A. (1973). Human dicentric Y chromosomes. Journal of Medical Genetics, 10, 74-79.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Genetics"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"\"381","article-title":"Structure and inheritance of some heterozygous Robertsonian translocations in man","volume":"13","author":"Daniel, A.; Lam-po-tang, P.R.L.C.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Daniel, A., and Lam-po-tang, P. R. L. C. (1976). Structure and inheritance of some heterozygous Robertsonian translocations in man. Journal of Medical Genetics, 13, 381-388. de la Chapelle, A., and Stenstrand, K. (1974). Dicentric human X chromosomes. Hereditas, 76, 259-268.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Genetics; Dicentric human X chromosomes"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.13.6.496","article-title":"Dicentric X isochromosomes in man","volume":"13","author":"Howell, R.T.; Roberts, S.H.; Beard, R.J.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Howell, R. T., Roberts, S. H., and Beard, R. J. (1976). Dicentric X isochromosomes in man. Journal of Medical Genetics, 13, 496-500.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Genetics"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00273467","article-title":"Dicentric and monocentric Robertsonian translocations in man","volume":"16","author":"Niebuhr, E.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Niebuhr, E. (1972a). Dicentric and monocentric Robertsonian translocations in man. Human Genetics, 16, 217-226.","journal-title":"Human Genetics"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1159\/000130186","article-title":"A 45, XX,5-13-dic+ karyotype in a case of cri-du-chat syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Niebuhr, E.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Niebuhr, E. (1972b). A 45,XX,5-13-dic+ karyotype in a case of cri-du-chat syndrome. Cytogenetics, 11, 165-177.","journal-title":"Cytogenetics"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"439","article-title":"A stable human dicentric chromosome, t dic(12; 14) (pl3; pl3) including an intercalary satellite region between centromeres","volume":"25","author":"Warburton, D.; Henderson, A.S.; Shapiro, L.R.; Hsu, L.Y.F.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Warburton, D., Henderson, A. S., Shapiro, L. R., and Hsu, L. Y. F. (1973). A stable human dicentric chromosome, t dic(12;14) (pl3;pl3) including an intercalary satellite region between centromeres. American Journal of Human Genetics, 25, 439-445.","journal-title":"American Journal of Human Genetics"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.14.5.381","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T18:14:22Z","timestamp":1760724862000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmg.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.14.5.381"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1977,10]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1977,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1977,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jmg.14.5.381"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jmg.14.5.381","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2593","1468-6244"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0022-2593"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-6244"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1977,10]]}}}