{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T17:42:01Z","timestamp":1789839721191,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Genet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1979,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Six hundred and nine male patients suffering from maturity onset diabetes mellitus, comprising 422 Chinese, 66 Malays, and 121 Indians, were investigated to determine the incidence of G6PD deficiency, ABO blood groups, and haemoglobin types, and these were compared with normal healthy controls. A positive association with a higher incidence of G6PD deficiency in diabetics was observed in Chinese and Indian patients. There was no significant difference in the frequencies of ABO blood groups and haemoglobin types between the patients and the controls in any of the ethnic groups studied.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.16.6.431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T14:50:51Z","timestamp":1226328651000},"page":"431-434","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Association of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency with diabetes mellitus in ethnic groups of Singapore."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"N","family":"Saha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1979,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.9.1.20","article-title":"Blood groups and diabetes mellitus","volume":"9","author":"Andersen, J.; Lauritzen, E.","year":"1960","unstructured":"Andersen, J., and Lauritzen, E. (1960). Blood groups and diabetes mellitus. Diabetes, 9, 20-24.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.23.4.293","article-title":"Enzymes of glucose metabolism in liver of subjects with adult-onset diabetes","volume":"23","author":"Belfiore, F.; Romeo, F.; Napoli, E.; Lo Vecchio, L.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Belfiore, F., Romeo, F., Napoli, E., and Lo Vecchio, L. (1974). Enzymes of glucose metabolism in liver of subjects with adult-onset diabetes. Diabetes, 23, 293-301.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01269908","article-title":"Blood groups and genetic serum types in diabetes mellitus","volume":"3","author":"Berg, K.; Aarseth, S.; Lundevall, J.; Reinskou, T.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Berg, K., Aarseth, S., Lundevall, J., and Reinskou, T. (1967). Blood groups and genetic serum types in diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia, 3, 30-34.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"3","article-title":"The ABO blood group frequency distribution of Singapore based on a blood donor sample","volume":"3","author":"Chan, K.T.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Chan, K. T. (1962). The ABO blood group frequency distribution of Singapore based on a blood donor sample. Singapore Medical Journal, 3, 3-15.","journal-title":"Singapore Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196412032712307","article-title":"Abnormal glucose tolerance response in erythrocyte glucose-6phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency","volume":"271","author":"Chanmugam, D.; Frumin, A.M.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Chanmugam, D., and Frumin, A. M. (1964). Abnormal glucose tolerance response in erythrocyte glucose-6phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. New England Journal of Medicine, 271, 1202-1204.","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"273","article-title":"Prevalence and causes of glycosuria among the ethnic groups in Singapore","volume":"13","author":"Cheah, J.S.; Tambyah, J.A.; Mitra, N.R.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Cheah, J. S., Tambyah, J. A., and Mitra, N. R. (1972). Prevalence and causes of glycosuria among the ethnic groups in Singapore. Singapore Medical Journal, 13, 273-279.","journal-title":"Singapore Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"14","article-title":"Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among the ethnic groups in Singapore","volume":"27","author":"Cheah, J.S.; Tambyah, J.A.; Mitra, N.R.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Cheah, J. S., Tambyah, J. A., and Mitra, N. R. (1975). Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among the ethnic groups in Singapore. Tropical and Geographical Medicine, 27, 14-16.","journal-title":"Tropical and Geographical Medicine"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"261","article-title":"Blood groups in diabetes mellitus","volume":"36","author":"Craig, J.; Wang, J.","year":"1955","unstructured":"Craig, J., and Wang, J. (1955). Blood groups in diabetes mellitus. Glasgow Medical Journal, 36, 261-266.","journal-title":"Glasgow Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0480637","article-title":"Blood glutathione and non-glucose substances in diabetes","volume":"48","author":"Illing, E.K.B.; Gray, C.H.; Lawrence, R.D.","year":"1951","unstructured":"Illing, E. K. B., Gray, C. H., and Lawrence, R. D. (1951). Blood glutathione and non-glucose substances in diabetes. Biochemical Journal, 48, 637-640.","journal-title":"Biochemical Journal"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(70)90576-3","article-title":"A genetic relationship between diabetes and cancer","volume":"1","author":"Kessler, 1","year":"1970","unstructured":"Kessler, 1. 1. (1970). A genetic relationship between diabetes and cancer. Lancet, 1, 218-220.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1159\/000152503","article-title":"The ABO and Rhesus blood groups of diabetic mothers and their new-born babies","volume":"22","author":"Klebe, J.G.; Nielsen, J.C.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Klebe, J. G., and Nielsen, J. C. (1972). The ABO and Rhesus blood groups of diabetic mothers and their new-born babies. Human Heredity, 22, 294-300.","journal-title":"Human Heredity"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00295682","article-title":"A study of diabetes in relation to blood groups and cholesterol levels","volume":"23","author":"Lamba, D.L.; Singha, P.; Chandra, S.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Lamba, D. L., Singha, P., and Chandra, S. (1974). A study of diabetes in relation to blood groups and cholesterol levels. Humangenetik, 23, 51-58.","journal-title":"Humangenetik"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.17.1.39","article-title":"Blood groups and diabetes mellitus","volume":"17","author":"Macafee, A.L.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Macafee, A. L. (1964). Blood groups and diabetes mellitus. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 17, 39-41.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.4970.772","article-title":"Blood groups in diabetes mellitus","volume":"1","author":"McConnell, R.B.; Pyke, D.A.; Roberts, J.A.F.","year":"1956","unstructured":"McConnell, R. B., Pyke, D. A., and Roberts, J. A. F. (1956). Blood groups in diabetes mellitus. British Medical Journal, 1, 772-776.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_15","series-title":"Proceedings of the Conference of Genetic Polymorphism and Geographic Variation in Disease. Grune and","article-title":"Population genetics of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency of the red cells","author":"Motulsky, A.G.; Campbell-Kraut, J.M.","year":"1961","unstructured":"Motulsky, A. G., and Campbell-Kraut, J. M. (1961). Population genetics of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency of the red cells. Proceedings of the Conference of Genetic Polymorphism and Geographic Variation in Disease. Grune and Stratton, New York."},{"key":"ref_16","article-title":"The association Table 2 Distribution of ABO blood groups in diabetes mellitus Blood Chinese groups Diabetes Diabetic Controls* clinic controls Malays Diabetes","author":"Naik, S.N.; Anderson, D.E.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Naik, S. N., and Anderson, D. E. (1971). The association Table 2 Distribution of ABO blood groups in diabetes mellitus Blood Chinese groups Diabetes Diabetic Controls* clinic controls Malays Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_17","article-title":"Diabetes and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Abstracts of the Fourth International Congress of Human Genetics","author":"Saha, N.","year":"1971","unstructured":"-88 1951 39-02 21-17 1051 21-02 32-12 1680 33-60"},{"key":"ref_18","article-title":"Erythrocyte G-6-PD deficiency among Chinese and Malays of Singapore","author":"Saha, N.; Banerjee, B.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Saha, N. (1971). Diabetes and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Abstracts of the Fourth International Congress of Human Genetics, Paris, 1971."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1159\/000152387","article-title":"Incidence of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency among different ethnic groups of Indians","volume":"21","author":"Saha, N.; Banerjee, B.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Saha, N., and Banerjee, B. (1971a). Erythrocyte G-6-PD deficiency among Chinese and Malays of Singapore.","journal-title":"Human Heredity"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.10.4.340","article-title":"Genetic association in myocardial infarction. Ethnicity; ABO, Rh, Lea, Xga blood groups; G6PD deficiency, and abnormal haemoglobins","volume":"10","author":"Saha, N.; Toh, C.C.S.; Ghosh, M.B.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Saha, N., and Banerjee, B. (1971b). Incidence of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency among different ethnic groups of Indians. Human Heredity, 21, 78-82.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Genetics"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02160371","article-title":"The incidence of erythrocyte glucose-6phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Singapore","volume":"17","author":"Vella, F.","year":"1961","unstructured":"Saha, N., Toh, C. C. S., and Ghosh, M. B. (1973). Genetic association in myocardial infarction. Ethnicity; ABO, Rh, Lea, Xga blood groups; G6PD deficiency, and abnormal haemoglobins. Journal of Medical Genetics, 10, 340-345.","journal-title":"Experientia"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.16.6.431","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T06:22:49Z","timestamp":1760768569000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmg.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.16.6.431"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1979,12]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1979,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1979,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jmg.16.6.431"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jmg.16.6.431","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2593","1468-6244"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2593","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-6244","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1979,12]]}}}