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At least one <jats:italic>ABCC6<\/jats:italic> mutation is found in about 80% of patients. These mutations are identifiable in most of the 31 <jats:italic>ABCC6<\/jats:italic> exons and consist of missense, nonsense, frameshift mutations, or large deletions. No correlation between the nature or location of the mutations and phenotype severity has yet been established. Recent findings support exclusive recessive inheritance. The proposed prevalence of PXE is 1\/25 000, but this is probably an underestimate. <jats:italic>ABCC6<\/jats:italic> encodes the protein ABCC6 (also known as MRP6), a member of the large ATP dependent transmembrane transporter family that is expressed predominantly in the liver and kidneys, and only to a lesser extent in tissues affected by PXE. The physiological substrates of ABCC6 remain to be determined, but the current hypothesis is that PXE should be considered to be a metabolic disease with undetermined circulating molecules interacting with the synthesis, turnover, or maintenance of elastic fibres.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2004.030171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,13]],"date-time":"2005-05-13T20:25:14Z","timestamp":1116015914000},"page":"881-892","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":261,"title":["Pseudoxanthoma elasticum: a clinical, pathophysiological and genetic update including 11 novel <i>ABCC6<\/i> 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