{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T01:04:45Z","timestamp":1784250285687,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Genet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The frequencies of four major red cell genetic defects, sickle haemoglobin (Hb S), glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD), and alpha and beta thalassaemia, have been determined in nearly 5000 subjects from the three major Peninsular Arab States, namely Yemen (North and South), the United Arab Emirates, and Oman. All four defects are common with an overall pattern of alpha thalassaemia greater than G6PD deficiency greater than beta thalassaemia greater than Hb A\/S. However, the frequencies of these within each state varies and they are, respectively, Oman: 0.389, 0.328, 0.024, and 0.038; the United Arab Emirates: 0.165, 0.087, 0.017, and 0.019; and Yemen: 0.065, 0.062, 0.0624, and 0.0095. Two, namely alpha thalassaemia and G6PD deficiency, are extremely common, but in spite of this there appears to be a lack of observed clinical disease. For example, Hb H disease and Barts hydrops fetalis were not seen and the oxidative haemolytic syndromes are rare.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.23.3.245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T15:09:16Z","timestamp":1226329756000},"page":"245-251","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Red cell genetic abnormalities in Peninsular Arabs: sickle haemoglobin, G6PD deficiency, and alpha and beta thalassaemia."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"J M","family":"White","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Buchanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Katsoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Weerasingh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1986,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"52","article-title":"Blood groups and types, hemoglobin variants, and G-6-PD deficiency among Abu Dhabians in the United Arab Emirates","volume":"1980","author":"Kamel, K.; Chandy, R.; Mousa, H.; Yunis, D.","unstructured":"Kamel K, Chandy R, Mousa H, Yunis D. Blood groups and types, hemoglobin variants, and G-6-PD deficiency among Abu Dhabians in the United Arab Emirates. Am J Phys Anthropol 1980:52:481-4.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)91878-3","article-title":"Differentiation of iron deficiency from thalassaemia trait by routine blood count","volume":"i:","author":"England, J.M.; Frazer, P.M.","year":"1973","unstructured":"England JM, Frazer PM. Differentiation of iron deficiency from thalassaemia trait by routine blood count. Lancet 1973;i:449-51.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/03630267709003911","article-title":"An evaluation of the methods for quantitation of hemoglobin A2. Results from a survey of 10,063 cases","author":"Efremov, G.D.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Efremov GD. An evaluation of the methods for quantitation of hemoglobin A2. Results from a survey of 10,063 cases. Hemoglobin 1977;2:197.","journal-title":"Hemoglobin"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1985.tb07413.x","article-title":"Thalassaemia genes in Peninsular Arabs","volume":"60","author":"White, J.M.; Richards, R.; Buchanan, T.","year":"1985","unstructured":"White JM, Richards R, Buchanan T, et al. Thalassaemia genes in Peninsular Arabs. Br J Haematol 1985;60:269.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"ref_5","article-title":"Abnormal haemoglobins","author":"White, J.M.; Frost, B.","year":"1984","unstructured":"White JM, Frost B. Abnormal haemoglobins. In: Dacie JV, Lewis SM, eds. Practical hoaenatology. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1984."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"86","article-title":"Approximate frequency of sickle hemoglobin in Peninsular Arabs","volume":"14","author":"White, J.M.","year":"1983","unstructured":"White JM. Approximate frequency of sickle hemoglobin in Peninsular Arabs. Br J Haematol 1983;14:86.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"919","article-title":"Origin of the sickling gene","volume":"205","author":"Kamel, K.; Awny, A.W.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Kamel K, Awny AW. Origin of the sickling gene. Lancet 1965;205:919.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1978.tb05813.x","article-title":"Fetal haemoglobin production and the sickle gene in the oases of eastern Saudi Arabia","volume":"40","author":"Pembry, M.E.; Wood, W.G.; Weatherall, D.J.; Perrone, R.P.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Pembry ME, Wood WG, Weatherall DJ, Perrone RP. Fetal haemoglobin production and the sickle gene in the oases of eastern Saudi Arabia. Br J Haematol 1978;40:415-9.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"24","article-title":"Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Abu Dhabi","volume":"1","author":"Anvery, S.M.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Anvery SM. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Abu Dhabi. Emirates Med J 1980;1:24-6.","journal-title":"Emirates Med J"},{"key":"ref_10","article-title":"The tzalassaemia syndromes","author":"Weatherall, D.J.; Clegg, J.B.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB. The tzalassaemia syndromes. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1980.","edition":"3rd ed"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"4889","article-title":"Characterisation of a new thalassaemia I defect due to partial deletion of the a globin gene complex","volume":"16","author":"Pressley, L.; Higgs, D.R.; Metaxatou-Mavromati, Aldridge B.; A, Clegg; JB, Weatherall; D.J.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Pressley L, Higgs DR, Aldridge B. Metaxatou-Mavromati A, Clegg JB, Weatherall DJ. Characterisation of a new thalassaemia I defect due to partial deletion of the a globin gene complex. Nucleic Acids Res 1980;16:4889.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.23.3.245","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T04:35:49Z","timestamp":1759725349000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmg.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.23.3.245"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1986,6]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1986,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jmg.23.3.245"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jmg.23.3.245","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2593","1468-6244"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2593","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-6244","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1986,6]]}}}