{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T03:51:14Z","timestamp":1782964274645,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Genet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A study was carried out in the United Kingdom of patients with severe osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), born with fractures to normal parents, in order to determine recurrence risks. A total of 105 cases from 98 families survived the perinatal period and 60 cases from 57 families were stillborn or died during the first week of life. The majority of the perinatal survivors correspond to the overlapping group of Sillence type III and sporadic type IV OI. In 40 of these, the radiograph at birth was available and in 37 it showed a characteristic appearance similar to that described previously for type III OI. The other three cases had radiological type IIB OI at birth and died before 26 months of age. The patients with perinatally lethal OI were subdivided on radiological appearance into Sillence type IIA (30 cases, described in the previous paper), type IIB (12 cases from 11 families), and type IIC (three cases from three families), and in five cases from three families the radiological appearance was the same as that of the 37 perinatal survivors described above. Ten cases from 10 families were not classified because their radiographs were unavailable. To analyse the empirical recurrence risks, patients were grouped according to radiological appearance at birth. Those with a type III-like pattern numbered 42 cases and they were grouped with the other cases of severe deforming OI who survived the perinatal period, for whom no x ray at birth was available, making a total of 107 cases. Taking one affected child per family as the proband, there were 98 probands. They had 146 sibs, of whom 10 were affected, giving an empirical recurrence risk of 6.9%. This is consistent with the disease arising as a new dominant mutation in about three quarters of families and as a recessive in about one quarter in this heterogeneous group. It is reasonable to give a recurrence risk of up to 25% in cases with parental consanguinity and a risk of 4.4% in cases with unrelated parents. Fifteen patients (14 probands) with Sillence type IIB OI had 13 sibs, one affected, giving an empirical recurrence risk of 7.7%. The parents were consanguineous in three families and the evidence for autosomal recessive inheritance for the majority in this group is probably stronger. The three patients with type IIC OI had three healthy sibs and the 10 unclassifiable perinatally lethal cases had 22 sibs, all normal. The radiological appearance at birth predicts prognosis to some extent; essentially, the better the bone morphology and mineralisation the longer the survival.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.24.7.390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T15:09:16Z","timestamp":1226329756000},"page":"390-405","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Recurrence risks and prognosis in severe sporadic osteogenesis imperfecta."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"E M","family":"Thompson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I D","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C M","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M E","family":"Pembrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1987,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.16.2.101","article-title":"Genetic heterogeneity in osteogenesis imperfecta","volume":"16","author":"Sillence, D.O.; Danks, Senn A.; D.M.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Sillence DO, Senn A. Danks DM. Genetic heterogeneity in osteogenesis imperfecta. J Med Genet 1979;16:101-16.","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"17","article-title":"Osteogenesis imperfecta type 11. Delineation of the phenotype with reference to genetic heterogencity","volume":"1984","author":"Sillence, D.O.; Barlow, K.K.; Garber, A.P.; Hall, J.G.; Rimoin, D.L.","unstructured":"Sillence DO, Barlow KK, Garber AP, Hall JG, Rimoin DL. Osteogenesis imperfecta type 11. Delineation of the phenotype with reference to genetic heterogencity. Ain J Med Geniet 1984:17:407-23.","journal-title":"Ain J Med Geniet"},{"key":"ref_3","article-title":"Disorders of the skeleton. Osteogencsis imperfecta. The Brittic Bone syndromc","volume-title":"textbook of'tnedic-ine","author":"Smith, R.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Smith R. Disorders of the skeleton. Osteogencsis imperfecta. The Brittic Bone syndromc. In: Weatherall DJ, Lcdingham JGG, Warrcll DA, eds. Oxford textbook of'tnedic-ine. Oxford: Oxford Univcrsity Press, 1983: section 17.25. MeKusick VA. Mendeliant inheritance in tnan. 7th cd. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 1986: No 25942."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Clinical variability in osteogenesis impcrfecta: variable cxpressivity or genetic hcterogcncity","author":"Sillence, D.O.; Rimoin, D.L.; Danks, D.M.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Sillence DO, Rimoin DL, Danks DM. Clinical variability in osteogenesis impcrfecta: variable cxpressivity or genetic hcterogcncity. Birth Defects 1979;XV(SB): 1 13-29.","journal-title":"Birth Defects"},{"issue":"159","key":"ref_5","first-page":"11","article-title":"Osteogencsis imperfccta: an expianding panorama of variants","volume":"1981","author":"Sillencc, D.","unstructured":"Sillencc D. Osteogencsis imperfccta: an expianding panorama of variants. 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Osteogenesis imperfecta: a pasture for splitters and lumpers. Am J Med Genet 1984;17:425-8.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(54)80315-5","article-title":"Osteogenesis imperfecta congenita in consecutive siblings","volume":"44","author":"Goldfarb, A.A.; Ford, D.","year":"1954","unstructured":"Goldfarb AA, Ford D. Osteogenesis imperfecta congenita in consecutive siblings. J Pediatr 1954;44:264-8.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref_23","first-page":"243","article-title":"Osteogenesis imperfecta with multiple fractures at birth: an investigation with special reference to heredity and blue sclera","volume":"1928","author":"Hein, B.J.","unstructured":"Hein BJ. Osteogenesis imperfecta with multiple fractures at birth: an investigation with special reference to heredity and blue sclera. J Bone Joinit Surg (Am) 1928;10:243-7.","journal-title":"J Bone Joinit Surg (Am)"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5375.99","article-title":"Intrauterine osteogencsis imperfecta in four siblings","volume":"1","author":"S, X.Chawla","year":"1964","unstructured":"X Chawla S. Intrauterine osteogencsis imperfecta in four siblings. Br Med J 1964;1:99-1(11.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01221706","article-title":"Osteogenesis imperfectia congenita. Features and prognosis of a heterogeneous condition","volume":"12","author":"Spranger, J.; Cremin, B.; Beighton, P.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Spranger J, Cremin B, Beighton P. Osteogenesis imperfectia congenita. Features and prognosis of a heterogeneous condition. 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Hum Genet 1983;64:191-3.","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"261","article-title":"Prenatal diagnosis of Icthal ostcogcncsis impcrtccta (01) by ultrasonography","volume":"3","author":"Patcl, Z.M.; Shah, H.L.; Madon, P.F.; Ambani, L.M.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Patcl ZM, Shah HL, Madon PF, Ambani LM. Prenatal diagnosis of Icthal ostcogcncsis impcrtccta (01) by ultrasonography. Pretiatal Diagtiosis 1983;3:261-3.","journal-title":"Pretiatal Diagtiosis"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"\"353","article-title":"Prcnatal diagnosis of pcrinatally lcthal ostcogencsis imperfecta","volume":"14","author":"Elejaldc, B.R.; Elejalde, M.M.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Elejaldc BR, Elejalde MM. Prcnatal diagnosis of pcrinatally lcthal ostcogencsis imperfecta. Amn J Med Genet 1983;14:353-9. 3\" Ghosh A, Woo JSK, Wan CW, Wong VCM. Simplc ultrasonic diagnosis of ostcogcncsis impcrfccta typc If in carly sccond trimestcr. Prentatal Diagtosis 1984:4:235-4(0.","journal-title":"Amn J Med Genet; Simplc ultrasonic diagnosis of ostcogcncsis impcrfccta typc If in carly sccond trimestcr"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.24.7.390","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T18:55:13Z","timestamp":1759690513000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jmg.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jmg.24.7.390"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1987,7]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1987,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jmg.24.7.390"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jmg.24.7.390","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2593","1468-6244"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2593","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-6244","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1987,7]]}}}