{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T09:23:34Z","timestamp":1789982614718,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,25]],"date-time":"2014-01-25T05:36:23Z","timestamp":1390628183000},"page":"45-49","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Use of clinical staging in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis for phase 3 clinical trials"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6817-2365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rubika","family":"Balendra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naheed","family":"Jivraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I Nick","family":"Steen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn A","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela J","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin R","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P Nigel","family":"Leigh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ammar","family":"Al-Chalabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"UK-MND LiCALS Study Group, Mito Target ALS Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61156-7","article-title":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"377","author":"Kiernan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"(Pt 3)","key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr351","article-title":"A proposed staging system for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"135","author":"Roche","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-3"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2009.188151","article-title":"Motor neuron disease: the bare essentials","volume":"9","author":"Talbot","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pract Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-5","first-page":"995","article-title":"Prolonged survival in motor neuron disease: a descriptive study of the King's database 1990-2002","volume":"74","author":"Turner","year":"2003"},{"issue":"(S1)","key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-6","first-page":"1","article-title":"A Phase 2\u20143 trial of olesoxime in subjects with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 23rd International Symposium on ALS\/MND Abstracts","volume":"13","year":"2012"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-11-111","article-title":"Protocol for a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial of lithium carbonate in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (LiCALS) [Eudract number: 2008-006891-31]","volume":"11","author":"Al-Chalabi","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70037-1","article-title":"Lithium in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (LiCALS): A phase 3 multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"12","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1080\/146608200300079536","article-title":"El Escorial revisited: revised criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"1","author":"Brooks","year":"2000","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(99)00210-5","article-title":"The ALSFRS-R: a revised ALS functional rating scale that incorporates assessments of respiratory function. BDNF ALS Study Group (Phase III)","volume":"169","author":"Cedarbaum","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.4155\/cli.11.127","article-title":"New considerations in the design of clinical trials for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"1","author":"Berry","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Invest"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1080\/17434470410019942","article-title":"Randomized control trials in ALS: lessons learned","volume":"5","author":"Mitsumoto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler"},{"issue":"(5-6)","key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.3109\/17482960903009054","article-title":"The natural history of ALS is changing: Improved survival","volume":"10","author":"Qureshi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler"},{"issue":"(3-4)","key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1159\/000089627","article-title":"Clinical trials in ALS: what did we learn from recent trials in humans?","volume":"2","author":"Meininger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurodegener Dis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1080\/17482960802112819","article-title":"Therapy development for ALS: lessons learned and path forward","volume":"9","author":"Lanka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1080\/14660820152415672","article-title":"Clinical trials: present and future","volume":"2","author":"Mitsumoto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2011.153","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis and management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"7","author":"Hardiman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"P07.071","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.80.7_supplement.P07.071","article-title":"Development of a clinical staging system for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"80","author":"Chio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.57.8.1171","article-title":"Clinical features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis according to the El Escorial and Airlie House diagnostic criteria: a population-based study","volume":"57","author":"Traynor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-010-5609-1","article-title":"Progression in ALS is not linear but is curvilinear","volume":"257","author":"Gordon","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.5.1059","article-title":"Nutritional status is a prognostic factor for survival in ALS patients","volume":"53","author":"Desport","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.211474","article-title":"Alteration of nutritional status at diagnosis is a prognostic factor for survival of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients","volume":"82","author":"Marin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosur Psychiatry"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1159\/000089626","article-title":"Hypermetabolism in ALS: correlations with clinical and paraclinical parameters","volume":"2","author":"Desport","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurodegener Dis"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2004.05.009","article-title":"Longitudinal analysis of progression of dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"31","author":"Higo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-25","first-page":"801","article-title":"Swallowing in motor neurone disease","volume":"87","author":"Leighton","year":"1994","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.2880110110","article-title":"Bulbar amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: patterns of progression and clinical management","volume":"11","author":"Hillel","year":"1989","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181bc0141","article-title":"Practice parameter update: the care of the patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: drug, nutritional, and respiratory therapies (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology","volume":"73","author":"Miller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.3109\/17482968.2012.684215","article-title":"What is the relevance of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy on the survival of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?","volume":"13","author":"Pena","year":"2012","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler"},{"issue":"1","key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-29","first-page":"CD004030","article-title":"Enteral tube feeding for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis\/motor neuron disease","author":"Katzberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1080\/14660820310011728","article-title":"Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in patients with ALS and bulbar dysfunction","volume":"4","author":"Mitsumoto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865-31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.3109\/17482968.2010.487532","article-title":"Some difficult decisions in ALS\/MND","volume":"11","author":"Oliver","year":"2010","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T16:38:04Z","timestamp":1716482284000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,24]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306865","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050","1468-330X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-330X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,24]]}}}