{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:51:12Z","timestamp":1792036272931,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,5]],"date-time":"2014-03-05T03:32:50Z","timestamp":1393990370000},"page":"1096-1102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Assessment of cancer risk with \u03b2-interferon treatment for multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Elaine","family":"Kingwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charity","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel","family":"Oger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanley","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Tremlett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.09.76","article-title":"Interferons and multiple sclerosis: is it plausible that beta-IFN treatment could influence the risk of cancer among MS patients?","volume":"9","author":"Kingwell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1177\/014107689108400612","article-title":"Spontaneous adverse drug reaction reporting vs event monitoring: a comparison","volume":"84","author":"Fletcher","year":"1991","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200629050-00003","article-title":"Under-reporting of adverse drug reactions: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Hazell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.4.655","article-title":"Interferon beta-1b is effective in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. I. Clinical results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The IFNB Multiple Sclerosis Study Group","volume":"43","author":"IFNB Multiple Sclerosis Study Group","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410390304","article-title":"Intramuscular interferon beta-1a for disease progression in relapsing multiple sclerosis. The Multiple Sclerosis Collaborative Research Group (MSCRG)","volume":"39","author":"Jacobs","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)03334-0","article-title":"Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study of interferon beta-1a in relapsing\/remitting multiple sclerosis","volume":"352","author":"PRISMS (Prevention of Relapses and Disability by Interferon beta-1a Subcutaneously in Multiple Sclerosis) Study Group","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.7.1268","article-title":"Copolymer 1 reduces relapse rate and improves disability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: results of a phase III multicenter, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. The Copolymer 1 Multiple Sclerosis Study Group","volume":"45","author":"Johnson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2973","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws148","article-title":"Cancer risk in multiple sclerosis: findings from British Columbia, Canada","volume":"135","author":"Kingwell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181e3973f","article-title":"New perspectives in the natural history of multiple sclerosis","volume":"74","author":"Tremlett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-10","unstructured":"British Columbia Ministry of Health [creator] (2011): Consolidation File (MSP Registration & Premium Billing). Population Data BC [publisher]. Data Extract. MOH (2011). http:\/\/www.popdata.bc.ca\/data"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410130302","article-title":"New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines for research protocols","volume":"13","author":"Poser","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1032","article-title":"Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis","volume":"50","author":"McDonald","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-13","first-page":"96","article-title":"Treatment of multiple sclerosis with human beta interferon","volume":"12","author":"Goodin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int MS J"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-14","volume-title":"TNM Classification of malignant tumours","author":"Sobin","year":"2009","edition":"7"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2012.01.006","article-title":"Long-term persistence with the immunomodulatory drugs for multiple sclerosis: a retrospective database study","volume":"34","author":"Evans","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-004-2229-4","article-title":"Cancer incidence in multiple sclerosis and effects of immunomodulatory treatments","volume":"89","author":"Achiron","year":"2005","journal-title":"Breast Cancer ResTreat"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-011-5929-9","article-title":"Cancer and multiple sclerosis in the era of disease-modifying treatments","volume":"258","author":"Lebrun","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458507083625","article-title":"Cancer risk and impact of disease-modifying treatments in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"14","author":"Lebrun","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-19","first-page":"313","article-title":"Assessment of malignancy risk in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with intramuscular interferon beta-1a: retrospective evaluation using a health insurance claims database and postmarketing surveillance data","volume":"8","author":"Bloomgren","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511403642","article-title":"The risk of malignancy is not increased in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with subcutaneous interferon beta-1a: analysis of data from clinical trial and post-marketing surveillance settings","volume":"17","author":"Sandberg-Wollheim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.3816\/CBC.2008.n.055","article-title":"Immunomodulatory therapy in multiple sclerosis and breast cancer risk: a case report and literature review","volume":"8","author":"Amaria","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Breast Cancer"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-22","first-page":"259","article-title":"Anaplastic oligodendroglioma and gliomatosis type 2 in interferon-beta treated multiple sclerosis patients. Report of two cases","volume":"108","author":"Sega","year":"2006","journal-title":"ClinNeurolNeurosurg"},{"issue":"(2-B)","key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2002000300024","article-title":"Glioma and multiple sclerosis: case report","volume":"60","author":"Werneck","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s007010200050","article-title":"Growth dynamics of meningiomas in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with interferon: report of two cases","volume":"144","author":"Batay","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir(Wien)"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-005-1392-6","article-title":"Meningioma growth and interferon beta-1b treated multiple sclerosis: coincidence or relationship?","volume":"47","author":"Drevelegas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.65.10.1378","article-title":"Glatiramer acetate-associated, CD30+, primary, cutaneous, anaplastic large-cell lymphoma","volume":"65","author":"Madray","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2012000100017","article-title":"Meningioma after immunomodulation for multiple sclerosis","volume":"70","author":"Vieira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.6.802","article-title":"Differential mechanisms of action of interferon-beta and glatiramer acetate in MS","volume":"59","author":"Yong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"(Suppl 1)","key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181c97d99","article-title":"Interferon-beta mechanisms of action in multiple sclerosis","volume":"74","author":"Dhib-Jalbut","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2007.01989.x","article-title":"Malignant melanoma in a multiple sclerosis patient with persistent neutralizing antibodies to interferon-beta","volume":"15","author":"Gibbs","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238-31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000034080.43681.DA","article-title":"Randomized, comparative study of interferon beta-1a treatment regimens in MS: the EVIDENCE Trial","volume":"59","author":"Panitch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T17:55:35Z","timestamp":1601056535000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,4]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307238","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050","1468-330X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-330X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,4]]}}}