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Serum NFL levels were measured using the ultrasensitive single molecule array (Simoa) technology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum NFL levels were higher in ALS in comparison to all other categories except for CJD. A cut-off level of 62\u2009pg\/mL discriminated between ALS and all other conditions with 85.5% sensitivity (95%\u2009CI 78% to 91.2%) and 81.8% specificity (95%\u2009CI 74.9% to 87.4%). Among patients with ALS, serum NFL correlated positively with disease progression rate (r<jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>=0.336, 95%\u2009CI 0.14 to 0.506, p=0.0008), and higher levels were associated with shorter survival (p=0.0054). Serum NFL did not differ among patients in different ALS pathological stages as evaluated by diffusion-tensor imaging, and in single patients NFL levels were stable over time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum NFL is increased in ALS in comparison to other conditions and can serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. We established a cut-off level for the diagnosis of ALS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2018-318704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]],"date-time":"2018-10-11T16:15:43Z","timestamp":1539274543000},"page":"157-164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":270,"title":["Neurofilament light chain in serum for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Federico","family":"Verde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Steinacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jochen H","family":"Weishaupt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Kassubek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Oeckl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Halbgebauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayrettin","family":"Tumani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine A F","family":"von Arnim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Dorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Feneberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Peter","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Gorges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Rosenbohm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander E","family":"Volk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Silani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert C","family":"Ludolph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020050722330886000_90.2.157.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2084","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31287-4","article-title":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"390","author":"van Es","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020050722330886000_90.2.157.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature20413"},{"key":"2020050722330886000_90.2.157.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/17482968.2011.627589","article-title":"Roadmap and standard operating procedures for biobanking and discovery of neurochemical markers in ALS","volume":"13","author":"Otto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler"},{"key":"2020050722330886000_90.2.157.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yuan A , Rao MV , Veeranna, et al . 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