{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T04:47:50Z","timestamp":1778906870924,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008732","name":"Uehara Memorial Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Fellowship program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Fellowship program"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008732","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several studies reported the beneficial effects of globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation (GPi DBS) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with inherited or idiopathic isolated dystonia. However, the impact of this intervention on physical and mental\/psychological domains and the effects over time remain unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a systematic literature review from January 2000 to May 2019 and performed a meta-analysis of HRQoL outcomes based on the Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36) after GPi DBS in patients with inherited or idiopathic isolated dystonia to evaluate the effects of DBS on physical and mental QoL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seven studies comprising 144 patients with dystonia (78, generalised; 34, segmental; and 32, focal cervical) were included in this comprehensive analysis. The mean (SD) age at DBS implantation was 41.0 (11.4) years, and the follow-up period after implantation was 3.2 (3.8) years. The random effects model meta-analysis revealed that both physical and mental domains of SF-36 improved following DBS with a significantly larger effect size for the physical domains (effect size=0.781; p&lt;0.0001) compared with the mental domains (effect size=0.533; p&lt;0.0001). A moderator variable analysis demonstrated that effect sizes for HRQoL improvement were maintained over time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is the first meta-analysis that demonstrates significant benefits in HRQoL following DBS in patients with inherited or idiopathic isolated dystonia. The benefits are greater for physical QoL domains compared with mental\/psychological QoL. These findings highlight the importance of a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to improve mental\/psychological QoL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2019-322575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]],"date-time":"2020-07-30T22:33:44Z","timestamp":1596148424000},"page":"938-944","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Quality of life outcomes after globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation in idiopathic or inherited isolated dystonia: a meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5042-3181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Tsuboi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James H","family":"Cauraugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua K","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael S","family":"Okun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adolfo","family":"Ramirez-Zamora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024111108200613000_91.9.938.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70257-0"},{"key":"2024111108200613000_91.9.938.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70035-2"},{"key":"2024111108200613000_91.9.938.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70143-7"},{"key":"2024111108200613000_91.9.938.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13255"},{"key":"2024111108200613000_91.9.938.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2019.11.016","article-title":"Quality of life outcomes after deep brain stimulation in dystonia: a systematic review","volume":"70","author":"Tsuboi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"2024111108200613000_91.9.938.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.305.6846.160"},{"key":"2024111108200613000_91.9.938.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25475"},{"key":"2024111108200613000_91.9.938.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borenstein M , Hedges L , et al . 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