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Nevertheless, important advances have been made on underlying neuropsychopathophysiological mechanisms of FS. These advances provide valuable information about the underlying mechanisms of mind\u2013body interactions. From this perspective, this narrative review summarises recent studies about aetiopathogenesis of FS at two levels: possible risk factors (why) and different aetiopathogenic models of FS (how). We divided possible risk factors for FS into three categories, namely neurobiological, psychological and cognitive risk factors. We also presented different models of FS based on psychological and neuroanatomical understanding, multilevel models and integrative understanding of FS. This work should help professionals to better understand current views on the multifactorial mechanisms involved in the development of FS. Shedding light on the different FS profiles in terms of aetiopathogenesis will help guide how best to direct therapy, based on these different underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2021-326708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]],"date-time":"2021-11-25T18:30:25Z","timestamp":1637865025000},"page":"144-157","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Functional (psychogenic non-epileptic\/dissociative) seizures: why and how?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Deniz","family":"Ertan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selma","family":"Aybek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4901-3852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W Curt","family":"LaFrance, Jr.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kousuke","family":"Kanemoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5636-2420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexis","family":"Tarrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Maillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3877-0855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wissam","family":"El-Hage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7665-3310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Coraline","family":"Hingray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022070104101221000_93.2.144.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2009.06.006"},{"key":"2022070104101221000_93.2.144.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2010.10.032"},{"key":"2022070104101221000_93.2.144.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LaFrance Jr WC , Schachter SC . 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