{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:48:25Z","timestamp":1790754505975,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to describe neuroimaging features, clinical profiles and long-term outcomes in patients with iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy (iCAA).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a systematic literature search for case series of iCAA and included individual patients and their longitudinal clinical and neuroimaging data in this pooled cohort study. Patients meeting a modified version of the Queen Square criteria for iCAA were included. Baseline and follow-up MRIs were centrally analysed for markers of CAA using validated rating scales.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 51 patients (68.6% male, median age at presentation 48 years), 51.0% with probable and 49.0% with possible iCAA. We evaluated 219 MRIs acquired over a median follow-up time of 3.7 years (IQR 1.8\u20136.4). There were 43 symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhages (ICH) in 24 patients during follow-up, a rate of 16.7 per 100 patient-years.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Patients with previous supratentorial brain surgery had an ipsilateral-dominant distribution and spread of haemorrhagic markers on MRI. 14\/51 (27.5%) patients had transient inflammatory changes (cortical or parenchymal oedema, sulcal hyperintensities). Haemorrhagic markers progressed during follow-up. In addition to 43 symptomatic ICH, 36 asymptomatic ICH (mostly smaller intragyral haemorrhages) were detected on follow-up scans. Besides numerous lobar microbleeds (median 16 at baseline, 53 at last follow-up), deep microbleeds were present in 19.6% of patients at baseline and 44.4% at follow-up. Severe perivascular spaces in centrum semiovale were common at baseline (64.7%) and follow-up (95.6%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with iCAA appear to have distinctive MRI characteristics, which might differentiate iCAA from other CAA subtypes and provide new insights into underlying disease mechanisms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2024-335164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T18:30:50Z","timestamp":1739385050000},"page":"jnnp-2024-335164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Clinical-radiological presentation and natural history of iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy"],"prefix":"10.1136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9043-0378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Fandler-H\u00f6fler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1429-6853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kanishk","family":"Kaushik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7836-2122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedetta","family":"Storti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Slaven","family":"Pikija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dermot","family":"Mallon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gareth","family":"Ambler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Payam Tabaee","family":"Damavandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7342-2488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larysa","family":"Panteleienko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Canavero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne A A","family":"van Walderveen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8301-6846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellis S","family":"van Etten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacopo Cosimo","family":"DiFrancesco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Enzinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6065-6576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Gattringer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bersano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marieke J H","family":"Wermer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0190-7782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gargi","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2074-1861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David J","family":"Werring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025021210303124000_jnnp-2024-335164v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15369"},{"key":"2025021210303124000_jnnp-2024-335164v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0790-y"},{"key":"2025021210303124000_jnnp-2024-335164v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2019-321927"},{"key":"2025021210303124000_jnnp-2024-335164v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banerjee G , Samra K , Adams ME , et al . 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