{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T08:20:58Z","timestamp":1768292458443,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,11,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.43.11.971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T21:16:40Z","timestamp":1226351800000},"page":"971-977","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Clinical and immunological associations in myasthenia gravis. 2. Cell-mediated immunity."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"H J","family":"Sagar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G A","family":"Davies-Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I D","family":"Allonby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"ref_1","first-page":"419","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis: a new hypothesis","volume":"1960","author":"Simpson, J.A.","unstructured":"Simpson JA. Myasthenia gravis: a new hypothesis. Scot Med J 1960; 5:419-36.","journal-title":"Scot Med J"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)92306-3","article-title":"Cooperating and controlling functions of thymus-derived lymphocytes in relation to autoimmunity","volume":"2","author":"Allison, A.C.; Denman, A.M.; Barnes, R.D.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Allison AC, Denman AM, Barnes RD. Cooperating and controlling functions of thymus-derived lymphocytes in relation to autoimmunity. Lancet 1971; 2:135-40.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1966.tb45497.x","article-title":"The pathology of the thymus gland in myasthenia gravis","volume":"135","author":"Castleman, B.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Castleman B. The pathology of the thymus gland in myasthenia gravis. Ann NY Acad Sci 1966; 135:496-505.","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197412122912403","article-title":"The thymus in myasthenia gravis: evidence for altered cell populations","volume":"291","author":"Abdou, N.I.; Lisak, R.P.; Zweiman, B.; Abrahamsohn, I.; Penn, A.S.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Abdou NI, Lisak RP, Zweiman B, Abrahamsohn I, Penn AS. The thymus in myasthenia gravis: evidence for altered cell populations. N Engl J Med 1974; 291:1271-5.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197505082921921","article-title":"B lymphocytes in the thymus of patients with myasthenia gravis","volume":"292","author":"Staber, F.G.; Fink, U.; Sack, W.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Staber FG, Fink U, Sack W. B lymphocytes in the thymus of patients with myasthenia gravis. N Engl J Med 1975; 292:1032-3.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"365","article-title":"Altered immunologic cell populations in thymuses from myasthenia gravis patients","volume":"27","author":"Cook, J.D.; Trotter, J.L.; Engel, W.K.; McIntosh, C.L.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Cook JD, Trotter JL, Engel WK, McIntosh CL. Altered immunologic cell populations in thymuses from myasthenia gravis patients. Neurology (Minneap) 1977; 27:365.","journal-title":"Neurology (Minneap)"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.28.12.1298","article-title":"Thymic and peripheral blood T-and B-cell levels in myasthenia gravis","volume":"28","author":"Lisak, R.P.; Zweiman, B.; Phillips, S.M.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Lisak RP, Zweiman B, Phillips SM. Thymic and peripheral blood T-and B-cell levels in myasthenia gravis. Neurology (Minneap) 1978; 28: 1298-301.","journal-title":"Neurology (Minneap)"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1976.tb47699.x","article-title":"Studies on the nature of autoimmunity in myasthenia gravis. Evidence for an immunodeficiency type","volume":"274","author":"Simpson, J.A.; Behan, P.O.; Dick, H.M.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Simpson JA, Behan PO, Dick HM. Studies on the nature of autoimmunity in myasthenia gravis. Evidence for an immunodeficiency type. Ann NY Acad Sci 1976; 274:382-9.","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1966.tb45501.x","article-title":"Immunological studies of thymectomised and non-thymectomised patients with myasthenia gravis","volume":"135","author":"Adner, M.M.; Isec, C.; Schwab, R.S.; Sherman, J.D.; Dameshek, W.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Adner MM, Isec C, Schwab RS, Sherman JD, Dameshek W. Immunological studies of thymectomised and non-thymectomised patients with myasthenia gravis. Ann NY Acad Sci 1966; 135: 536-48.","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.40.11.1053","article-title":"Assessment of cellular and humoral immunity of myasthenics","volume":"40","author":"Huang, S.-W.; Rose, J.W.; Mayer, R.F.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Huang S-W, Rose JW, Mayer RF. Assessment of cellular and humoral immunity of myasthenics. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1977; 40:1053-9.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"25","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis: mitotic activity of thymus dependent and blood lymphocytes","volume":"33","author":"Szobor, A.; Staub, M.; Szathmary, I.; Csuka, I.; Antoni, F.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Szobor A, Staub M, Szathmary I, Csuka I, Antoni F. Myasthenia gravis: mitotic activity of thymus dependent and blood lymphocytes. Acta Med Acad Sci Hung 1976; 33:25-39.","journal-title":"Acta Med Acad Sci Hung"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.42.8.734","article-title":"Lymphocyte function in myasthenia gravis","volume":"42","author":"Kawanami, S.; Kanaide, A.; Itoyama, Y.; Kuroiwa, Y.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Kawanami S, Kanaide A, Itoyama Y, Kuroiwa Y. Lymphocyte function in myasthenia gravis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1979; 42:734-40.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(79)90078-9","article-title":"Lymphocyte subpopulations in multiple sclerosis: serial studies and clinical correlations","volume":"43","author":"Sagar, H.J.; Allonby, I.D.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Sagar HJ, Allonby ID. Lymphocyte subpopulations in multiple sclerosis: serial studies and clinical correlations. J Neurol Sci 1979; 43:133-48.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"431","article-title":"Microtechnique for quantitative evaluation of in vitro lymphocyte transformation. Clin Exp Immunol","volume":"7","author":"Junge, U.; Hoekstra, J.; Wolfe, L.; Deinhardt, F.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Junge U, Hoekstra J, Wolfe L, Deinhardt F. Microtechnique for quantitative evaluation of in vitro lymphocyte transformation. Clin Exp Immunol 1970; 7:431-7."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5553.679","article-title":"Lymphocyte transformation in thymectomised and nonthymectomised patients with myasthenia gravis","volume":"2","author":"Housley, J.; Oppenheim, J.J.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Housley J, Oppenheim JJ. Lymphocyte transformation in thymectomised and nonthymectomised patients with myasthenia gravis. Br Med J 1967; 2:679-81.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.38.6.521","article-title":"Mitogen and muscle extract induced in vitro proliferative responses in myasthenia gravis, dermatomyositis and polymyositis","volume":"38","author":"Lisak, R.P.; Zweiman, B.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Lisak RP, Zweiman B. Mitogen and muscle extract induced in vitro proliferative responses in myasthenia gravis, dermatomyositis and polymyositis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1975; 38:521-4.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"202","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis: studies on HL-A antigens and lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with myasthenia gravis. Clin Exp Immunol","volume":"21","author":"Hammarstrom, L.; Smith, E.; Moller, E.; Franksson, C.; Matell, G.; Von Reis, G.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Hammarstrom L, Smith E, Moller E, Franksson C, Matell G, Von Reis G. Myasthenia gravis: studies on HL-A antigens and lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with myasthenia gravis. Clin Exp Immunol 1975; 21:202-15."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.29.4.496","article-title":"Cellular immune response against acetylcholine receptor in myasthenia gravis","volume":"29","author":"Conti-Tronconi, B.M.; Morgutti, M.; Sghirlanzoni, A.; Clementi, F.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Conti-Tronconi BM, Morgutti M, Sghirlanzoni A, Clementi F. Cellular immune response against acetylcholine receptor in myasthenia gravis. Neurology (Minneap) 1979; 29:496-501.","journal-title":"Neurology (Minneap)"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1976.tb47703.x","article-title":"Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity and B- and T-cell activity in the peripheral blood of myasthenia gravis patients","volume":"274","author":"Kalden, JR, Lohmann; E, Peter; HH, Hilger; C.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Kalden JR, Lohmann E, Peter HH, Hilger C. Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity and B- and T-cell activity in the peripheral blood of myasthenia gravis patients. Ann NY Acad Sci 1976; 274:421-33.","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"421","article-title":"The establishment of a normal human population dose-response curve for lymphocytes cultured with PHA (phytohaemagglutinin). Clin Exp Immunol","volume":"8","author":"Fitzgerald, M.G.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Fitzgerald MG. The establishment of a normal human population dose-response curve for lymphocytes cultured with PHA (phytohaemagglutinin). Clin Exp Immunol 1971; 8:421-5."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"118","article-title":"Lymphocyte subpopulation in neoplastic and nonneoplastic thymus and in blood of patients with myasthenia gravis. Clin Exp Immunol","volume":"26","author":"Shirai, T.; Miyata, M.; Nakase, A.; Itoh, T.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Shirai T, Miyata M, Nakase A, Itoh T. Lymphocyte subpopulation in neoplastic and nonneoplastic thymus and in blood of patients with myasthenia gravis. Clin Exp Immunol 1976; 26: 118-23."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.42.1.29","article-title":"Lymphocyte subpopulations in thymus and blood from patients with myasthenia gravis","volume":"42","author":"Aarli, J.A.; Heimann, P.; Matre, R.; Thunold, S.; Tonder","year":"1979","unstructured":"Aarli JA, Heimann P, Matre R, Thunold S, Tonder. Lymphocyte subpopulations in thymus and blood from patients with myasthenia gravis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1979; 42:29-34.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"171","article-title":"Rosette tests following thymectomy","volume":"1","author":"Sandilands, G.P.; Gray, K.; Cooney, A.; Anderson, JR, Simpson; JA, Behan; P.O.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Sandilands GP, Gray K, Cooney A, Anderson JR, Simpson JA, Behan PO. Rosette tests following thymectomy. Lancet 1975; 1:171-2.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(79)90224-7","article-title":"Abnormalities of T-cell subpopulations in the blood and thymus of patients with myasthenia gravis","volume":"44","author":"Lisak, R.P.; Smiley, R.; Schotland, D.H.; Bank, W.J.; Santoli, D.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Lisak RP, Smiley R, Schotland DH, Bank WJ, Santoli D. Abnormalities of T-cell subpopulations in the blood and thymus of patients with myasthenia gravis. J Neurol Sci 1979; 44:69-76.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"85","article-title":"Subpopulations of T lymphocytes in myasthenia gravis patients. Clin Exp Immunol","volume":"36","author":"Piantelli, M.; Lauriola, L.; Carbone, A.; Evoli, A.; Tonali, P.; Musiani, P.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Piantelli M, Lauriola L, Carbone A, Evoli A, Tonali P, Musiani P. Subpopulations of T lymphocytes in myasthenia gravis patients. Clin Exp Immunol 1979; 36:85-9."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"337","article-title":"In vitro testing of suppressor activity in myasthenia gravis","volume":"1","author":"Mischak, R.P.; Dau, P.C.; Gonzales, R.L.; Spitler, L.E.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Mischak RP, Dau PC, Gonzales RL, Spitler LE. In vitro testing of suppressor activity in myasthenia gravis. Muscle and Nerve 1978; 1:337.","journal-title":"Muscle and Nerve"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"329","volume":"144","author":"Knapp, W.; in myasthenia gravis. Z Immuno-Forsch, Pateisky K.Lymphocytotoxins","year":"1972","unstructured":"Knapp W, Pateisky K. Lymphocytotoxins in myasthenia gravis. Z Immuno-Forsch 1972; 144: 329-39."},{"key":"ref_28","article-title":"Cyclic GMP in cholinergic and mitogenic modulation of lymphocyte metabolism","volume-title":"and proliferation. Fed Proc 1973; 32: 1022","author":"Hadden, J.W.; Hadden, E.M.; Meetz, G.; Good, R.A.; Haddox, M.K.; Goldberg, N.D.","unstructured":"Hadden JW, Hadden EM, Meetz G, Good RA, Haddox MK, Goldberg ND. Cyclic GMP in cholinergic and mitogenic modulation of lymphocyte metabolism and proliferation. Fed Proc 1973; 32:1022."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(66)92599-2","article-title":"Experimental autoimmune thymitis. An animal model of human myasthenia gravis","volume":"2","author":"Goldstein, G.; Whittingham, S.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Goldstein G, Whittingham S. Experimental autoimmune thymitis. An animal model of human myasthenia gravis. Lancet 1966; 2:315-8.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"330","article-title":"T-cell deficiency and plasmacytosis in RFM mice with host versus graft disease induced by the perinatal inoculations of (T6 x RFM) Fl spleen cells. Clin Exp Immunol","volume":"22","author":"jr. Hyperimmunoglobulinaemia, Hard RC","year":"1975","unstructured":"Hard RC jr. Hyperimmunoglobulinaemia, T-cell deficiency and plasmacytosis in RFM mice with host versus graft disease induced by the perinatal inoculations of (T6 x RFM) Fl spleen cells. Clin Exp Immunol 1975; 22:330-40."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5899.131","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis, autoantibodies and HLA antigens","volume":"1","author":"Feltkamp, T.E.W.; Van den Berg-Loonen, P.M.; Nijenhuis, L.E.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Feltkamp TEW, Van den Berg-Loonen PM, Nijenhuis LE et al. Myasthenia gravis, autoantibodies and HLA antigens. Br Med 1 1974; 1: 131-3.","journal-title":"Br Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.43.11.971","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T02:45:37Z","timestamp":1601088337000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.43.11.971"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1980,11,1]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.43.11.971","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1980,11,1]]}}}