{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T23:30:04Z","timestamp":1784590204729,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,4,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.46.4.322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T21:16:40Z","timestamp":1226351800000},"page":"322-330","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The effect of temporal frequency variation on threshold contrast sensitivity deficits in optic neuritis."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"R F","family":"Hess","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G T","family":"Plant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.46.000721","article-title":"An optical and photoelectric analogue of the eye","volume":"46","author":"XSchade, O.H.","year":"1956","unstructured":"XSchade OH. An optical and photoelectric analogue of the eye. J Opt Soc Am 1956;46:721-39.","journal-title":"J Opt Soc Am"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1968.sp008574","article-title":"Application of Fourier analysis to the visibility of gratings","author":"Campbell, F.W.; Robson, J.G.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Campbell FW, Robson JG. Application of Fourier analysis to the visibility of gratings. J Physiol (Lond) 1968;197:551-66.","journal-title":"J Physiol (Lond)"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1969.sp008862","article-title":"On the existence of neurons in the human visual system selectively sensitive to the orientation and size of retinal images","volume":"203","author":"Blakemore, C.; Campbell, F.W.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Blakemore C, Campbell FW. On the existence of neurons in the human visual system selectively sensitive to the orientation and size of retinal images. J Physiol (Lond) 1969;203:237-60.","journal-title":"J Physiol (Lond)"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.62.001221","article-title":"Spatial frequency masking in vision: critical bands and spread of masking","volume":"62","author":"Stromeyer, C.F.; Julesz, B.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Stromeyer CF, Julesz B. Spatial frequency masking in vision: critical bands and spread of masking. J Opt Soc Am 1972;62:1221-32.","journal-title":"J Opt Soc Am"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(81)90014-6","article-title":"Discrimination at threshold: Labelled detectors in human vision","volume":"21","author":"Watson, A.B.; Robson, J.G.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Watson AB, Robson JG. Discrimination at threshold: Labelled detectors in human vision. Vision Res 1981;21:1115-22.","journal-title":"Vision Res"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1973.sp010239","article-title":"Separate channels for the analysis of the shape and movement of a moving visual stimulus","volume":"231","author":"Tolhurst, D.J.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Tolhurst DJ. Separate channels for the analysis of the shape and movement of a moving visual stimulus. J Physiol (Lond) 1973;231:385-402.","journal-title":"J Physiol (Lond)"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1973.sp010261","article-title":"Psychophysical evidence for sustained and transient detectors in human vision","volume":"232","author":"Kulikowski, J.J.; Tolhurst, D.J.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Kulikowski JJ, Tolhurst DJ. Psychophysical evidence for sustained and transient detectors in human vision. J Physiol (Lond) 1973;232: 149-62.","journal-title":"J Physiol (Lond)"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1126\/science.178.4062.769","article-title":"Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in patients with cerebral lesions","volume":"178","author":"Bodis-Wollner, I.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Bodis-Wollner I. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in patients with cerebral lesions. Science 1972;178: 769-71.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"165","article-title":"Contrast sensitivity in optic","volume-title":"neuritis. Doc Ophthal Proc Ser","volume":"17","author":"Frisen, L.; Sjostrand, J.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Frisen L, Sjostrand J. Contrast sensitivity in optic neuritis. Doc Ophthal Proc Ser 1978;17:165-74."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410050107","article-title":"Visual evoked potentials and the visuogram in multiple sclerosis","volume":"5","author":"Bodis-Wollner, I.; Hendley, C.D.; Mylin, L.H.; Thornton, I.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Bodis-Wollner I, Hendley CD, Mylin LH, Thornton I. Visual evoked potentials and the visuogram in multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 1979;5:40-7.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.42.5.407","article-title":"Subtle disturbances of vision after optic neuritis elicited by studying contrast sensitivity","volume":"42","author":"Zimmern, R.L.; Campbell, F.W.; Wilkinson, I.M.S.W.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Zimmern RL, Campbell FW, Wilkinson IMSW. Subtle disturbances of vision after optic neuritis elicited by studying contrast sensitivity. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1979;42:407-12.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/100.3.563","article-title":"Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in multiple sclerosis: hidden visual loss","volume":"100","author":"Regan, D.; Silver, R.; Murray, T.J.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Regan D, Silver R, Murray TJ. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in multiple sclerosis: hidden visual loss. Brain 1977;100:563-79.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/104.2.333","article-title":"Contrast sensitivity, visual acuity and the discrimination of Snellen letters in multiple sclerosis","volume":"104","author":"Regan, D.; Raymond, J.; Ginsburg, A.; Murray, T.J.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Regan D, Raymond J, Ginsburg A, Murray TJ. Contrast sensitivity, visual acuity and the discrimination of Snellen letters in multiple sclerosis. Brain 1981;104:333-50.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)91155-5","article-title":"Delayed visual evoked response in optic neuritis","volume":"1","author":"Halliday, M.M.; McDonald, W.I.; Mushin, J.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Halliday MM, McDonald WI, Mushin J. Delayed visual evoked response in optic neuritis. Lancet 1972;1:982-5.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1957.02330320032004","article-title":"Flicker fusion thresholds in multiple sclerosis","volume":"77","author":"OA, S.Parsons; PN, Miller","year":"1957","unstructured":"S Parsons OA, Miller PN. Flicker fusion thresholds in multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol Psychiat 1957;77:134-9.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol Psychiat"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.24.3.260","article-title":"Flicker fusion in multiple sclerosis","volume":"24","author":"Titcombe, A.F.; Willison, R.G.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Titcombe AF, Willison RG. Flicker fusion in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1971;24: 260-5.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.46.4.322","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T04:00:46Z","timestamp":1601092846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.46.4.322"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1983,4,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.46.4.322","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1983,4,1]]}}}