{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T15:41:18Z","timestamp":1769010078427,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,8,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.46.8.710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,10]],"date-time":"2008-11-10T21:16:40Z","timestamp":1226351800000},"page":"710-715","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Beta-adrenoreceptor mechanisms in essential tremor; a double-blind placebo controlled trial of metoprolol, sotalol and atenolol."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"P N","family":"Leigh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Jefferson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Twomey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C D","family":"Marsden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"issue":"25","key":"ref_1","first-page":"122","article-title":"Observations on essential tremor","volume":"1962","author":"Marshall, J.","unstructured":"Marshall J. Observations on essential tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1962;25:122-5.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"The mechanisms of physiological tremor and their significance to pathological tremors","volume-title":"Progress in Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"5","author":"Marsden, C.D.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Marsden CD. The mechanisms of physiological tremor and their significance to pathological tremors. In: Desmedt JE, ed. Progress in Clinical Neurophysiology. Basel: Karger, 1978;5:1-16."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.42.10.904","article-title":"f-adrenoceptor antagonists in essential tremor","volume":"42","author":"Jefferson, D.; Jenner, P.; Marsden, C.D.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Jefferson D, Jenner P, Marsden CD. f-adrenoceptor antagonists in essential tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1979;42:904-9.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.44.8.677","article-title":"Effects of timolol and atenolol on benign essential tremor; placebo controlled studies based on quantitative tremor recording","volume":"44","author":"Dietrichson, P.; Espen, E.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Dietrichson P, Espen E. Effects of timolol and atenolol on benign essential tremor; placebo controlled studies based on quantitative tremor recording. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1981;44:677-83.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197511062931902","article-title":"Beta-adrenergic mechanisms in action tremor","volume":"293","author":"Young, R.P.; Growdon, J.H.; Shahani, B.T.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Young RP, Growdon JH, Shahani BT. Beta-adrenergic mechanisms in action tremor. N Engl J Med 1975;293:950-3.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"301","key":"ref_6","first-page":"331","article-title":"Metoprolol for essential tremor","volume":"1979","author":"Bntt, C.W.; Peters, B.Y.","unstructured":"Bntt CW, Peters BY. Metoprolol for essential tremor. N EnglJ Med 1979:301:331.","journal-title":"N EnglJ Med"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197909203011215","article-title":"Metoprolol tartrate for essential tremor","volume":"301","author":"Riley, T.; Pleet, A.B.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Riley T, Pleet AB. Metoprolol tartrate for essential tremor. N Engl J Med 1979;301:663.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197911013011817","article-title":"Treatment of essential tremor with Metoprolol","volume":"301","author":"0, Ljung","year":"1979","unstructured":"Ljung 0. Treatment of essential tremor with Metoprolol. N Engl J Med 1979;301:1005.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1980.00500580092022","article-title":"Metoprolol in essential tremor","volume":"37","author":"Newman, R.P.; Laurence, J.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Newman RP, Laurence J. Metoprolol in essential tremor. Arch Neurol 1980;37:596-7.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)91474-9","article-title":"Metoprolol in essential tremor","volume":"1","author":"0, Ljung","year":"1980","unstructured":"Ljung 0. Metoprolol in essential tremor. Lancet 1980;1: 1032.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-197901000-00009","article-title":"Comparison between the acute haemodynamic effects and brain penetration of atenolol and metoprolol","volume":"1","author":"PA, Van Zwieten; PBMWM, Timmermans","year":"1979","unstructured":"Van Zwieten PA, Timmermans PBMWM. Comparison between the acute haemodynamic effects and brain penetration of atenolol and metoprolol. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1979;1:85-96.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)30247-8","article-title":"Comparative antihypertensive effects of tissue distribution of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs","author":"Garvey, H.L.; Ram, N.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Garvey HL, Ram N. Comparative antihypertensive effects of tissue distribution of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1975;194:220-233.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"1106","article-title":"Betaadrenoceptor antagonists and essential tremor","volume":"1","author":"Leigh, P.N.; Marsden, C.D.; Twomey, A.; Jefferson, D.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Leigh PN, Marsden CD, Twomey A, Jefferson D. Betaadrenoceptor antagonists and essential tremor. Lancet 1981;1:1106.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1964.tb02721.x","article-title":"The Spiral Maze. A psychomotor test with implications for the study of delinquency","volume":"55","author":"Gibson, H.B.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Gibson, HB. The Spiral Maze. A psychomotor test with implications for the study of delinquency. Br J Psychol 1964;55(2):219-25.","journal-title":"Br J Psychol"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.36.4.618","article-title":"Effect of the betaadrenergic blocking agent propranolol on essential tremor","volume":"36","author":"Morgan, M.I.; Hewer, R.L.; Cooper, R.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Morgan MI, Hewer RL, Cooper R. Effect of the betaadrenergic blocking agent propranolol on essential tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1973;36:618-24.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410010210","article-title":"Suppression of essential tremor by propranolol: correlation of effect with drug plasma level and intensity of beta-adrenergic blockade","volume":"1","author":"McAllister, R.G.; Markesbury, W.R.; Ware, R.W.; Howell, M.A.","year":"1977","unstructured":"McAllister RG, Markesbury WR, Ware RW, Howell MA. Suppression of essential tremor by propranolol: correlation of effect with drug plasma level and intensity of beta-adrenergic blockade. Ann Neurol 1977;1: 160-6.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198211183072116","article-title":"Atenolol and timolol","volume":"307","author":"Westerlund, A.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Westerlund A. Atenolol and timolol. N Engl J Med 1982;307: 1343.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"1344","article-title":"Atenolol and timolol","volume":"307","author":"Lawrence, D.S.; Sahay, J.N.; Chaterjee, S.S.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lawrence DS, Sahay JN, Chaterjee SS. Atenolol and timolol. N Engl J Med 1982;307:1344.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)90924-7","article-title":"Beta-blockers in essential tremor","volume":"Ui:","author":"Larsen, T.A.; Teravainen, H.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Larsen TA, Teravainen H. Beta-blockers in essential tremor. Lancet 1981;Ui:533.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_20","article-title":"Metoprolol in essential tremor","author":"Calzetti, S.; Findley, L.J.; Perucca, F.; Richens, A.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Calzetti S, Findley LJ, Perucca F, Richens A. Metoprolol in essential tremor. Lancet 1981;ii: 1227.","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.46.8.710","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,2]],"date-time":"2025-02-02T16:43:10Z","timestamp":1738514590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnnp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jnnp.46.8.710"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1983,8,1]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.46.8.710","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1983,8,1]]}}}